Abubuwa biyar da kuke bukatar sani game da duniyar Mars

Asalin hoton, NASA
- Marubuci, Mustapha Musa Kaita
- Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, Multimedia Journalist
Mars ita ce duniya ta huɗu daga rana. Ganin cewa duniyar na da launin ja mai kama da jini, Romawa sun yi wa duniyar laƙabi da ubangijin yaƙinsu na wancan lokaci.
Gaskiyar ita ce Romawan sun kwaikwayi mutanen Girka na zamanin baya waɗanda suka saka wa duniyar ta Mars sunan ubangijin yaƙinsu wato Ares.
Sauran al'ummomi na mutanen farko su ma sun bai wa duniyar suna dangane da launin ta - Misali, mutanen Masar sun saka wa duniyar Mars suna "Her Desher," ma'ana "Ja," haka su ma ƴan sama jannti na ƙasar China na wancan lokacin sun mata laƙabi da "tauraruwa mai wuta."
A cikin duniyar ta Mars, launin ƙasar da ke shimfiɗe launi ne mai kama da tsatsa, wanda alama ce da ke nuna cewa duniyar na da sinadarin iron narke a ƙasar.
Ƙasar duniyar da muke ciki na kama da ta Mars duk da cewa tana ɗauke da sinadarai waɗanda ke cikinta tun asali.
Kamar yadda hukumar NASA ta bayyana, sinadarin iron da ke cikin ƙasar sukan yi tsatsa wanda hakan ke sa ƙasar duniyar ta Marsa ta koma jajir.
Duniyar Mars kuma na da tsauni mafi girma da zurfi, kuma ita ce ke da kwari mafi tsawo a duniyoyi. Olympus mons katafaren dutse ne mai aman wuta da ke cikin duniyar Mars wanda yake da tsawon kilomta 27, wanda ya yi tsawon tsaunin Everest haka kuma kwarin Valles Marineris wanda aka saka wa suna bayan binciken da jirgin sama jannati na Mariner line ya yi a 1971 - ya kai zurfin kilomita goma haka kuma ya yi tsawon kusan kilomita dubu huɗu, wanda hakan na nufin ya yi kashi ɗaya bisa biyar na na nisan Mars kuma ya yi fadin Australia.
Haka kuma duniyar Mars ita ce ke da dutse mai aman wuta mafi girma a duka duniyoyi, wato Olympus Mons. Dutsen na da tsawon kilomita 27.
Yanayin zafi ko sanyi na duniyar Mars

Asalin hoton, NASA/JPL-CALTECH/MSSS
Duniyar Mars ta fi duniyarmu ta Earth sanyi matuƙa sakamakon nisan da duniyar ta Mars take da shi daga Rana. Matsakaicin yanayin da ake samu a Mars ya kai ƙasa da maki 60 a ma'aunin celcius (-60).
Mars na da iskar carbon dioxide mai matuƙar yawa wanda kaurinsa yana ƙasa da namu a nauyi, sai dai kaurin na iskar bai kai ya samar da yanayi kamar irinsu hadari da iska ba.
Yanayi na sararin samaniyar Mars yana sauyawa a lokacin da hunturu ke tursasa wa carbon dioxide ya bar sararin samaniyar Mars.
A baya, sararin samaniyar duniyar ta Mars na da nauyi matuƙa kuma yana har ruwa yana iya tafiya a kan duniyar. Bayan wani lokaci, abubuwa marasa nauyi a sararin samaniyar Mars sun gudu sakamakon ƙarfin iskan da ke tahowa daga rana wanda hakan ya yi tasiri ga sararin samaniyar duniyar ganin cewa Mars ba shi da ƙarfin maganaɗisu na riƙe abubuwa.
Yanayin zagaye rana

Asalin hoton, MBRSC
Mars na da matuƙar nisa daga rana fiye da duniyar Earth, wannan na nufin duniyar ta Mars na da shekara mai tsawo - kwanaki 687 a duk shekara kenan idan aka kwatanta da kwanaki 365 na duniyarmu.
Duka duniyoyin suna da tsawo ɗaya a yanayin dare da rana sai dai yana ɗaukar kusan sa'o'i 24 da mintuna 40 ga duniyar ta Mars ta kammala zagayawar da take yi a duk rana idan aka kwatanta da duniyar Earth mai sa'o'i 24.
Yanayin juyawar da Mars ke yi na kama da na Earth. Hakan na nufin kamar duniyar Earth, adadin hasken ranar da ke sauka a wasu sassa na Mars zai sha bamban a duk shekara sakamakon yanayin zafi da sanyi Mars.
Sai dai yanayin zafi da sanyi na Mars ya wuce na Earth sakamakon siffar duniyar ya fi zama kamar ƙwai a maimakon ƙwallo irin yadda Earth take, wanda hakan ya sa zagayawar da da take yi wa rana ya fi tsayi idan aka kwatanta da yadda sauran duniyoyin suke zagaye rana.
A lokacin da Mars ta fi kusa da rana, ɓangaren kudancin duniyar na kallon tauraron duniyarmu, wanda hakan ke bai wa duniyar yanayin zafi gajere, sai kuma arewacin ƙasar yana fuskanatar yanayin sanyi gajere.
Girma
Mars na da faɗin kilomita 6,791 — ta fi duniyarmu ta Earth ƙanƙanta wadda ke da faɗin kilomita 12,756.
Mars na da matuƙar girma kamar da kashi 10 cikin 100 na duniyarmu wanda kuma ƙarfin maganaɗinsun Mars ya kai kashi 38 cikin 100.
Misali mutum mai nauyin kilo 62 a nan duniyar ta Earth idan ya je Mars ba zai wuce kilogram 62 ba amma girma zai zama ɗaya a duka duniyoyin.
Yanayi
Kamar yadda hukumar da ke kula da sararin samaniya ta duniya ta bayyana, duniyar Mars na ɗauke da kashi 95.32 na sinadarin carbon dioxide sai kashi 2.7 na nitrogen da kashi 1.6 na argon da kashi 0.13 na oxygen da kashi 0.08 na carbon monoxide da adadi kaɗan na ruwa da nitrogen oxide da neon da hydrogen-deuterium-oxygen da krypton da xenon.
Amma yanayi na duniyarmu ta Earth na ɗauke da kashi 78 na sinadarin nitrogen da kashi 21 na Oxygen da kashi 0.9 na argon da kashi 0.1 na sauran sinadarai.
Wani adadi ƙalilan na carbon dioxide da methane da neon da sauran sinadarai suke da kashi 0.1.
Sinadarai

Duniyar Mars na da sinadaren Iron da nickel da sulfur. Mayafin da ya rufe Mars na kama da wanda ya rufe duniyar Earth wanda akwai dutse wanda ya ƙunshi silicon da oxygen da iron da magnesium.
Yadda ƙasar Mars take akwai duwatsu irin masu aman wuta waɗanda akwai irinsu a duniyar Earth da kuma duniyar wata.
Duniyar Earth kuma ta fi ƙunsar sinadarin earth da kashi 32.1 cikin 100 sai kuma oxygen da kashi 30.1 cikin 100 sai silicon kashi 15.1 da magnesium da kashi 13.9 da sulfur da kashi 2.9 da nickel mai kashi 1.8 sai calcium da kashi 1.5 da alminum da kashi 1.4 sai sauran kason 1.2 ya ƙunshi sauran sinadarai.
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