Yadda gwamnoni za su iya magance matsalar lantarki a Najeriya

Ɗaya daga cikin kalmomin da 'yan Najeriya suka fi amfani da su tsawon shekaru ita ce "Nepa" - wato tsohuwar hukumar kula da samarwa da rarraba wutar lantarki a Najeriya ta National Electric Power Authority.

Kalmar kuma ta shahara ne saboda yawan ɗaukewa da kuma kawo wutar lantarki a ƙasar, wadda ita ce mai mafi yawan al'umma kuma ɗaya cikin mafiya girman tattalin arziki a nahiyar Afirka.

A wannan makon kaɗai, babban layin lantarki na ƙasa ya lalace har sau biyu, bayan yab lalace sau uku cikin kwana biyu a watan Oktoba.

Babban layin ya lalace sau 10 jimilla a shekarar 2024, abin da ke jefa kusan dukkan ƙasar cikin duhu duk lokacin da hakan ta faru.

Kazalika, har yanzu 'yan arewacin ƙasar ba su gama farfaɗowa daga asarar da suka tafka ba sakamakon katsewar wutar a yankin aƙalla tsawon kwana 10 na ƙarshen watan Oktoba.

Masu sharhi na cewa sabuwar dokar lantarki ta 2023 da aka sanya wa hannu ta faɗaɗa damar samarwa da kuma rarraba wutar, musamman ga gwamnatocin jiha, saɓanin a baya da gwamnatin tarayya ce kaɗai ke da alhakin yin hakan.

Bayanai sun nuna cewa Najeriya na iya samar da wuta 3,000MW zuwa 5,000MW a kullum daga cikin 13,000MW da za ta iya samarwa daga. Kusan kashi 75 cikin 100 na samuwa ne daga iskar gas, sai kuma mafi yawa na sauran 35 ɗin daga madatsun ruwa.

Rahotonni sun nuna cewa tuni wasu gwamnatocin jiha suka fara yunƙurin samar wa kan su wutar.

Jihohin da suka ɗauki harama

A Najeriya, jihar Legas ce kan gaba wajen samar da lantarki a cikin gida, kuma hakan ba abi mamaki ba ne saboda ita ce mafi girman tattalin arziki tsakanin jihohin ƙasar 36.

Ita ce jihar da ke da ke da ma'aikata musamman ta makamashi (Ministry of Energy & Mineral Resources) da kuma hukumar kula da lantarki (Lagos State Electricity Board).

Tsakanin shekarun 2011 zuwa 2015, LSEB ta dasa tashoshin samar da wuta huɗu da zimmar inganta wutar a gidaje, da kuma samar da haske a tituna.

Ɗaya daga cikin tanade-tanaden sabuwar lantarkin shi ne bai wa ɗaiɗaikun mutane da kamfanoni damar samar da lantarki.

A watan Agustan 2024 ne hukumar kula da lantarki ta Najeriya Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) ta bai wa kamfanin sadarwa na MTN lasisin samar da lantarkin mai ƙarfin 15.94MW a jihar ta Legas.

NERC ta ce lasisin da ta bai wa kamfanin da wasu huɗu na amfanin kansu ne ba don sayar wa kwastomomi ba, kuma za su samar da wutar ne a jihohin Legas, da Oyo, da Ogun, da Cross River.

Za su samar da jimillar lantarki mai ƙarfin109.69MW.

A watan Mayun 2024, ita ma gwamnatin jihar Kano ƙarƙashin Gwamna Abba Kabir Yusuf ta sanar da kafa wani kwamati da zai yi nazari tare da ƙirƙiro dokar da za ta kula da ɓangaren lantarki a jihar.

Yayin wata ziyara a ofishin hukumar kula da lantarki ta ƙasa ranar 9 ga watan Mayun, tawagar ta bayyana cewa tana fatan dokar da suke sa ran ƙirƙirowa za ta taimaka wajen inganta wutar da ɗumbin al'ummar jihar ke samu musamman ga masana'antu.

A ranar Alhamis da ta gabata ne kuma gwamnan jihar Ekiti da ke kudancin Najeriya, Biodun Oyebanji, ya bayar da sanarwar cewa gwamnatinsa ta bai wa wasu kamfanoni lasisin samarwa da rarraba lantarki a jihar.

Wata sanarwa da gwamnan ya wallafa a shafinsa na sada zumunta ta ce rukunin kamfanoni huɗu suka bai wa lasisin zuwa yanzu.

"Wannan yunƙuri zai inganta hanyoyin samarwa, da rarraba wuta, da kuma samar da mitocin wuta ga mazauna jihar," a cewar sanarwar.

Ya tabbatar da cewa jiharsa ta Ekiti na samun mega watt 20 zuwa 25 daga babban layin lantarki na ƙasa, "wanda ya gaza daga 120 MW da suke buƙata".

A cewarsa: "Burinmu shi ne mu kai 130 MW ta hanyar gina ƙaƙƙarfan layi da zai sa mu rage dogaro da layi na ƙasa...kamar yadda dokar lantarki ta 2023 ta tanada."

'Jihohin Arewa sun fi yawan hanyoyin samar da lantarkin'

Farfesa Bilkisu Saidu masaniya ce a fannin makamashi da ke jami'ar Usmanu Danfodiyo a jihar Sokoto, kuma ta ce da a ce jihohin arewacin Najeriya za su dage da sai sun fi samun amfani.

"Abin da ya kamata su gane shi ne, Allah ya albarkace ɓangaren da muka fito [arewacin Najeriya] da ƙarfin zafin rana, ana cewa za a iya samun wuta ta tsawon awa tara daga ƙarfin ranar da ake da shi a yankin," in ji ta.

Ta ƙara da cewa tun da daɗewa wasu jihohi a kudancin Najeriya suka fara samar da yanayin da za su inganta lantarki a jihohin ta hanyar haɗaka da 'yankasuwa.

"Babbar matsalar ita ce jihohin Arewa ba su ɗauki ɓangaren lantarkin da muhimmanci ba ne," in ji farfesar.

Tuni wasu ƙungiyoyi daga arewacin ƙasar suka bayyana aniyarsu ta kai gwamnatin Najeriya ƙara kotu domin neman diyyar asarar da suka tafka sakamakon katsewar wutar tsawon kwana 11.

Sai dai gwamnatin Najeriya ta zargi 'yan bindigar da ke kai hare-hare a yankin da lalata layin wutar a jihar Neja da ke arewa ta tsakiyar ƙasar.