Waiwaye kan zanga-zangar EndSars bayan shekara daya, yadda fafutukar ta gaza

Seyilogo Braithwaite ba ta taɓa jin karfin gwiwa kamar yadda ta samu shekara daya da ta gabata ba lokacin da take ciyar da wadanda suka halarci gagarumar zanga-zangar EndSars- wacce ta karaɗe Najeriya, da aka dinga kallo tamkar juyin juya halin ƙasashen Larabawa "Arab Spring".

Dubban daruruwan matasan Najeriya ne suka mamaye muhimman tituna don yin zanga-zangar nuna ƙin jinin mugunta, cin zarafi, da kisa ba tare da gurfanarwa a gaban kotu ba da jami'an 'yan sanda ke yi, bayan da wani faifan bidiyo da ya karaɗe shafukan sada zumunta.

Bidiyon na nuna yadda jami'an 'yan sandan rundunar musamman ta yaki da fashi da makami (Sars) suka kashe wani mutum, wanda ya haifar da zanga-zangar da aka yi wa lakabi da #EndSars.

"Lokacin da zanga-zangar ta kara girma, 'yan uwa da abokai sun riƙa aiko da kudi, kuma ina amfani da shi wajen kula da masu zanga-zangar. Na dafa wa kusan mutum 2,000 abinci ni kadai," Mis Braithwaite mazauniyar birnin Lagos ta shaida wa BBC.

Zanga-zangar ta bazu a kasar har na tsawon makonnin biyu - kuma ta saka gwamnati amincewa da rushe rundunar 'yan sanda ta musamman ta Sars, tare da kafa kwamitin gudanar da bincike kan zargin mugunta da cin zarafi da ake yi wa jami'an a fadin kasar.

Amma kamar sauran masu zanga-zangar, yanzu Mis Braithwaite ta shiga halin rashin natsuwa: "Ko shakka babu har yanzu ina cikin kaduwa daga irin abubuwan da suka faru a lokacin gangamin na EndSars."

Yanzu tana magana ne da murya kasa-kasa, ba kamar yadda na san ta a bara ba a matsayin wata matashiya mai cike da annashuwa - kuma tana kwatanta yanayin yadda kwatsam ta zanga-zangar da kawo karshe lokacin da jami'an soji suka bude wuta kan masu gangamin a mashigin Lekki da ke wajen birnin Lagos.

A cewar kungiyar kare hakkin bil dama ta Amnesty International, mutum a ƙalla 56 ne suka mutu a fadin kasar lokacin zanga-zangar.

"Ba mu samu nasarar komai ba," in ji Mis Braithwaite.

"Abubuwa sun kara tabarbarewa. Rashin tsaro a kasar ya kara ta'azzara. 'yan sanda na ci gaba da karɓar cin hanci, ga masu sace-sacen mutane don neman kudin fansa ta ko ina."

Mugunta da cin zarafi sun ci gaba

An kara kafa wasu rundunonin 'yan sandan a daidai lokacin da aka rushe rundunar Sars - kuma satar mutane don neman kudin fansa ya shafi ko waje jiha a kasar.

Mis Braithwaite ta bayyana cewa a baya-bayan nan jami'an 'yansanda da har yanzu ake tunani na rundunar Sars ne sun ci zarafin wasu abokanta.

Kungiyar Amnesty ta bayyana cewa ita ma ta samu rahotannin zargin sake dawo da tafka ta'asar jami'an na Sars, tana kuma ce har yanzu mahukunta basu fara yin sauye-sauye na gaskiya ba.

Chioma Agwuegbo, wata mai fafutikar kare hakkin mata da ke jagorantar kungiyar Tech Her NG da aka harba wa hayaki mai saka hawaye tare da harbin ta lokacin zanga-zangar ta EndSars a Abuja babban birnin kasar, ta amince cewa har yanzu babu wani sauyi da ya faru.

"Jim kadan bayan kawo karshen zanga-zangar jami'an tsaro sun rika yin taka-tsan-tsan, amma yanzu kowa ya dawo da aikata munanan dabi'un.

"Dubi irin kwamitocin binciken da suka zauna a fadin kasar. Shin me ya faru da 'yan sandan ko kuma jami'an tsaron da suka aikata cin zarafin?"

Gwamnati ta umarci duka jihohi 36 na Najeriya da Abuja babban birnin tarayyar kasar a su duba al'amuran cin zarafin.

Jihohi bakwai ba su bi sahu ba - Borno da Jigawa da Kano da Kebbi da Sokoto da Yobe da kuma Zamfara - kuma su ne inda kwamitocin binciken suka riƙa gamuwa da cikas da dage zaman saboda rashin bayyanar jami'an 'yan sandan lokacin da ake nemi su zo su bayar da bahasi, kuma an soki lamirin su kan rashin gaskiya.

A cikin jihohi 18 da suka kammala zaman sauraren bahasin, babu wanda ya fito a bainar jama'a ya bayanna sakamakon binciken, da hakan ya kara yawan zarge-zargen.

Ikemesit Effiong, jagoran binciken hukumar bincike ta Nigerian think-tank SBM, ya bayyana cewa kwamitocin sun biyar diyyar naira biliyan day aga wadanda cin zarafin 'yansandan ya shafa da kuma iyalansu.

"Amma babu wani abu har yanzu na daga cikin sakamakon da shawarwarin binciken da aka tabbatar da shi a cikin dokoki," ya bayyana wa BBC.

Haramta amfani da shafin Twitter da kuma kudin intanet

Ba kowa ne ya amince cewa zanga-zangar EndSars ta gaza ba.

"Ko da ba mu kawo karshen daukacin mugunta da cin zarafi na jami'an 'yan sanda ba, amma mun samu nasarar ragewa hakan da kashi 70 bisa dari," in ji mai barkwanci K O Baba Jornsen, daya daga cikin wadanda suka shirya zanga-zangar a birnin Port Harcourt na kudancin kasar.

"Mun matsa daga matakin da kullun za mu wayi gari a shafukan sada zumunta da ganin cewa 'yan sanda na kokarin tura mutane cikin kwatami, suna bugun su da adduna, yanzu zuwa ganin irin wadannan faye-fayen bidiyon sau daya ko sau biyu kawai a wata."

Yanzu zanga-zangar EndSars ta nuna wa matasan Najeiya muhimmancin fitowa a fadi albarkacin baki, ya ce.

A farkon wannan shekarar sun yi amfani da kafofin sada zumunta wajen nuna yadda daya rundunar 'yansandan ta musamman da aka fi sani da Eagle Crack (E-Crack) ke aikata cin zarafi.

"Mun rika yin zanga-zanga a shafin intanet, muna ta magana, gwamna ya ji mu, kuma yanzu haka ya rushe rundunar ta E-Crack.

"Ba na tsammanin akwai wani wanda zai iya samun nasarar hana akasarin 'yan Najeriyar da ba su gamsu ba, wadanda ake zalunta, daga fitowa su yi magana."

Amma tun bayan EndSars, gwamnati da fara kafa karan zuka wa shafuka da hanyoyin da masu fafutika ke bi wajen shirya zanga-zanga.

A cikin watan Yuni ne aka haramta shafin Twitter, wanda Jack Dorsey da ya kafa ta, ya fito ya nuna goyon bayan zanga-zangar ta EndSars.

Masu amfani da shafin da dama a Najeriya sun koma amfani da hanyar fasahar zamani mai zaman kanta (VPNs) wajen kaucewa haramcin.

Gwamnati ta kuma haramta amfani da kasuwancin kudaden intanet.

Kungiyoyin masu fafutika kamar Feminist Coalition sun yi amfani da kudin intanet wajen bayar da ta su gudumawar bayan da babban bankin kasar ya rufe asusun ajiyar bankunansu.

"Akwai 'yancin aka bayar da 'yan Najeriyar suka wuce gona da iri a kai, kama daga na tattalin arziki zuwa na 'yancin bil adama, da aka yi amfani da su ta wata hanya da bata dace ba.

"Kana har yanzu akwai sauran hanyoyin da gwamnati za ta iya bi wajen dakile irin wannan dama," in ji Mista Effiong.

Sa ido kan zaben shekarar 2023

Sabbin haramci kan muhimman abubuwan da suka shafi 'yanci, sun saka matasan Najeriya da dama cikin tunanin cewa me yiwuwa makomarsu ta dogara da wajen kasar ne.

"Suna yin duk wadannan abubuwa ne don kawai su takura wa matasa," Mis Braithwaite, wacce ke cike da fatan bude wurin dafa farfesu ta yi ajiyar zuci

"Na ga mutane da dama da suka rika zuba kaya a jakunkuna suna barin kasar. Kowa yana neman mafita ne."

Mai shekaru 22, wacce ta dawo Najeriya daga kasar Malaysia inda ta zauna har na tsawon shekaru biyu kafin zanga-zangar EndSars, na tunanin barin kasar ita kan ta, duk kuwa da cewa idan ta tafi za ta sake dawowa don kada kuri'a a zaben shekarar 2023.

"Zanga-zangar ta samu nasarar da ta nuna mana abinda zai iya kasancewa a Najeriya," ta bayyana, tare da nuni da yadda masu fafutika suka yi kokari wajen shirya komai, kama daga kiwon lafiya zuwa na 'yancin shari'a.

Mis Agwuegboa ta amince cewa: "Tabbas darussan da muka koya daga EndSars sune kowa ya fahimci cewa basirar da suke amfani da ita a harkokinsu na yau da kullum za ta yi amfani idan aka duba yadda abubuwan kasar ke tafiya.

"Matasa na yin shiri game da zabukan shekarar 2023. Akwai ayyukan da aka yi.