Harajin VAT: Abin da ya jawo ce-ce-ku-ce tsakanin jihohi Najeriya da gwamnatin tarayya akan haraji

Ana ci gaba da ce-ce-ku-ce tsakanin gwamnatocin jihohin Najeriya da gwamnatin Tarayya kan tsarin karɓar kuɗaɗen haraji kan kayayyakin more rayuwa a faɗin kasar.

Wannan ya biyo bayan bukatar da wasu jihohin kudancin kasar, ciki har da Legas, suka bayyana na a ba su damar karɓar kuɗaɗen haraji a matakin jihar domin kara musu kuɗaɗen shiga.

Da dama daga cikin jihohin da ke son a ba su wannan dama na ganin ita kadai ce za ta warkar da su daga dumbin matsalolin tattalin arziki.

Sannan akwai jihohin da ke cewa idan aka ba su damar karbar kudaden harajinsu zai taimaka musu ba a fannin samar da ayyukan yi kadai ba, har da ci gaba da kuma rage dogaro da gwamnatin Tarayya.

Sai dai gwamnatin Tarayya na nuna turjiya kan aminta da wannan tsarin da jihohi ke daga jijiyoyin wuya a kai.

Kuɗin harajin da jihohi ke son karɓa

VAT haraji ne kan kayayyakin more rayuwa da ake iya ganinsu wanda gwamnati ke karɓa karkashin tsarin karɓar harajin haɗin-gwiwa tsakanin gwamnatin Tarayya da na jihohi da kananan hukumomi.

Jihohin da ke wannan hankoro na son a ba su damar tafiyar da haraji a kan kayayyaki wato VAT, da gwamnati ke karɓar kashi 7.5 cikin 100 kan kayayyaki.

Jihohin na son duk wani kaya ko ciniki da aka yi tsakanin yankunansu ko kuɗaɗe ya zama mallakar gwamnatin jihar domin gudanar da ayyukan ci gaba.

Gwamnatin Najeriya ta hannun hukumar tattara kuɗaɗen haraji ta tarayya take karɓar haraji a duk wani kaya ko ciniki ko ayyukan kasuwanci, sannan sai a kasafta kuɗin tsakanin gwamnatin tarayyar da jihohi da kananan hukumomi.

Sai dai wasu jihohin da ke fafutikar ganin tsarin ya sauya na cewa hakan ya saɓa dokar tattara kuɗaɗen haraji na VAT, saboda akwai cutuwa a ciki.

Jihohin Ribas da Legas da wasu sauran jihohi hudu na Najeriya ke kan gaba wajen sama wa Najeriya kashi 80 cikin 100 na kuɗaɗen harajin VAT a faɗin ƙasar.

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Yadda ra'ayoyin jihohi ya bambanta kan harajin

Wasu daga cikin jihohi da kawo yanzu aka ji daga gare su irin su Akwa Ibom da Adamawa sun nuna goyon-bayansu ga gwamnan Ribas, Nyesom Wike da ke son kotu ta hana gwamnatin tarayya karba ko cin moriyar wadanan kuɗaɗe na haraji.

Jihohin na ganin cewa karbar harajin da gwamnatin tarayya ke yi na rage musu 'yanci da dogaro kan kuɗaɗen da gwamnatin ke warewa jihohi.

Wannan dalili ya sa 'yan majalisar dokokin jiha a Akwa Ibom ke aiki kan wani daftarin doka da zai bai wa jiharsu damar tattara kuɗaɗenta na haraji.

Haka zalika jihar Legas, ta ce ita ma kudiri na gaban majalisa wanda tuni ya tsallake karatu na biyu a gaban majalisar jihar.

Sai dai gwamnatin Ekiti da Osun da Benue da Bayelsa da Gombe na cewa suna bukatar lokacin domin sake nazari kan batun don yanke hukunci.

Wata kotun tarayya a Fatakwal tuni ta bayar da umarnin cewa gwamnatin Ribas na da damar tattara kuɗaɗen harajinta.

Sai dai dukkanin waɗannan jihohi na fuskantar tsaiko daga hukumar tattara haraji ta Tarraya wato FIRS da ke kalubalantarsu har a kotu.

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Harajin VAT na iya sauya tattalin arzikin jihohi?

A tattaunawarsa da BBC, Dr Isa Abdullahi masani tattalin arziki a Jami'ar Kashere ta Jihar Gombe, ya ce bisa tsarin dokokin Najeriya kafin takaddamar jihohi kashi 52 cikin 100 na kuɗaɗe na zuwa asusun gwamnatin Tarraya. Sannan kashi 26 cikin 100 na jihohi, kanana hukumomi kuma kashi 20 cikin 100.

Dr Isa ya ce, ana ta samun korafin daga jihohin da ke son a kara musu kason da ake warewa domin haɓaka tattalin arzikinsu da ya yi kasa.

"Gwamnatocin da ke son a bar musu kuɗaɗen irinsu Legas da Ribas babu shaka tattalin arzikinsu zai bunkasa, sai dai wasu jihohi marasa karfi na iya fuskantar kalubale.

"Akwai jihohi masu matsala kan sarrafa kuɗaɗen shiga don haka idan aka sakar musu kuɗaɗen ba lallai a ga wani ci gaba ba, akwai yiwuwar rijiya ta bayar da ruwa guga ta hana."

Sannan masanin na cewa ba ta VAT kawai jiha za ta iya bunkasa tattalin arzikinta ba, domin akwai wasu abubuwa da dama da ka iya taimakawa haɓakarta.

Ya bayar da misali da ma'adinai da albarkatun kasa da noma da wasu sana'o'in.

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Tasiri ko akasin hakan ga gwamnatin tarayya?

Dr Isa ya ce babu laifi idan aka sakarwa jihohi damar tattara kuɗaɗensu na haraji, sai dai abin fargaba anan shi ne tsarin da ake tafiya a kai a wannan lokaci.

Masanin ya ce akwai jihohi masu karfi da dabarun sarrafa kuɗaɗen da bunkasar tattalin arziki, sannan akwai jihohin da idan ba wannan tsarin aka ci gaba da shi ba za su shiga mawuyancin yanayi.

Ya ce "dama idan aka tara kuɗaɗen ana rabawa ne ba tare da la'akari ko bai wa wata jiha fifiko ko amfani da iya abin da ta samar wajen ware mata kuɗaɗe," in ji shi.

Amma a cewar Dr Isa idan aka sakarwa wasu jihohin kudanci su tafiyar da harkar, akwai yiwuwar arewa a fuskanci raɗaɗi, muddin ba a tashi tsaye ba wajen bijiro da sabbin hanyoyi samun kuɗaɗen shiga.

Sannan ya ce tsarin rage nauyi ne ga gwamnatin tarayya amma hakan zai rage mata kuɗin shiga da karfin aiwatar da wasu manyan ayyuka.

Masanin ya ce ƙasar da suka samu ci gaba babu shakka na bin wannan tsarin, amma yanayi lamuran Najeriya da rashawa ta yi kaka gida akwai fargaba a kan batun.

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Sharhi, Umaymah Sani Abdulmumin

Gwamnatin mulkin soja karkashin jagorancin marigayi Janar Sani Abacha ce dai ta fito da wannan tsarin haraji inda ake karbar kashi biyar cikin dari kan kayayyakin da aka saya.

Amma gabanin saukarsa daga kan mulki a shekarar 2003, tsohon shugaban kasar Cif Olusegun Obasanjo ya kara harajin zuwa kashi goma cikin dari.

Sai dai gwamnatin marigayi Shugaba Umaru Musa 'Yar Adua ya komo da harajin zuwa kashi biyar cikin dari bayan kungiyar kwadago ta bayyana rashin jin dadinta.

Kafin daga bisani gwamnatin Shugaba Buhari ta mayar da shi kashi 7.5 cikin 100 a 2020, lamarin da masana suka ce shi ya kara haddasa tsadar kayayyaki a kasar.

A yanzu idan aka sakarwa jihohi watakil harajin ya iya bambanta tsakanin jihohi, kuma akwai yiwuwar manyan jihohin da ke kan gaba wajen kasuwanci su za ci moriyar tsarin.

Amma a yanayin da ake ciki yanzu gwamnatin Tarayya na nuna turjiya kuma abu ne mai wuya ta amince da wannan tsarin nan kusa, a cewar masana.

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Wasu labaran da zaku so karantawa

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