Rikicin Mali: Ƙasashen Afirka biyar da suka kasa magance rikicinsu na cikin gida

Ibrahim Boubacar Keita

Asalin hoton, AFP

Bayanan hoto, Ibrahim Boubacar Keita daga dama ya yi alkawarin hada kan kasar a yayin rantsar da shi a shekarar 2013
    • Marubuci, Umaymah Sani Abdulmumin
    • Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, BBC Hausa

Rikicin siyasar kasar Mali ya sake tunasar da irin ringingimu da Afirka ta gani a baya kan shugabannin da ake rigima da su kan sauka daga Mulki.

Halin da Mali ta tsinci kanta a ciki kusan ba bako ne ga nahiyar Afirka ba, domin a baya an sha samun irin wadannan taƙaddama inda shugabannin har ma da kasashen ketare ke nuna damuwa ko neman sulhunta bangarorin da ke hamayya da juna.

An sha yin sharhi kan yadda galibin shugabanni a Afirka ke nuna turjiya wajen sauka daga Mulki ko kuma fito da tsari ko fasalta kudin tsarin mulki ta yadda za su ci gaba da jan alakar madafun iko.

Akwai shugabannin da suka shafe shekaru da dama kuma har yanzu ba su da niyyar sauka daga mulki duk da kalubalen da suka fuskanta daga al'umominsu, ko da yake akwai kasashen da 'yan kasar suka yi nasara wajen kawo sauyi ko murabus din shugaba daga mulki.

Mun yi waiwaye kan wasu kasashe da rikicin siyasarsu ta daga hankula a Afrika.

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GAMBIA

Yahya Jammeh

Asalin hoton, AFP

Bayanan hoto, Gwamnatin Yahya Jammeh na tafe da ce-ce-ku-ce da korafi kan yadda ta rinka mulkin kama karya da musgunawa 'yan adawa

Shugaba Yahya Jammeh ya shafe shekara 22 akan karagar mulki, kuma ya kasance wani zaki ga al'ummarsa.

Da fari a lokacin da aka kawo karshen mulkinsa na shekara 22 ya amsa shan kaye, sai dai daga baya ya ce zai kalubalanci wannan sakamakon.

Hakan ya haddasa rikici wanda karshe dole ya tsere ya bar kasar saboda barazanar da kasashen duniya suka yi masa ta amfani da karfin soji wajen tumbuke shi muddin ya ki mika mulki ga wanda ya yi nasara a zabe.

Gwamnatin Yahya Jammeh na tafe da ce-ce-ku-ce da korafi kan yadda ta rinka mulkin kama karya da musgunawa 'yan adawa.

A karshe dai kungiyar hadin-kan Afirka ta AU da taimakon Tarayyar Turai su kawar da shi, sannan yana ci gaba da fuskantar bincike-bincike kan keta hakki da laifin cin zarafi da ake zarginsa.

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BURUNDI

Sanarwar da marigayi Pierre Nkurunziza ya yi ta neman Mulki a sabon wa'adi na uku ya jefa Burundi a cikin gagarumin tashin hankali.

An yi ta zanga-zanga da boren nuna adawa da ci gaba da kasancewar Mista Nkurunziza a kan madafun iko.

Pierre Nkurunziza

Asalin hoton, AFP

Bayanan hoto, An yi kokarin yi wa Pierre Nkurunziza juyin mulki, daruruwa sun mutu a rikici sannan dubbai sun rasa matsugunai.

Duk da cewa ya shafe shekara 10 yana gina kansa da martabar kasar, sauya kundin tsari da shugaban ya yi domin ci gaba da kasancewa a ragamar mulki ta assasa kazamin bore.

An yi kokarin yi masa juyin mulki, daruruwa sun mutu a rikici sannan dubbai sun rasa matsugunai.

Kasashe da dama da MDD sun yi tir da kazamin yanayin da Nkurunziza ya jefa Burundi a ciki.

An zarge shi da murkushe 'yan adawa da kashewa da sace masu hamayya, zarge-zarge da ya musanta.

Bayan daukar tsawon lokaci na rashin zaman lafiya da kin sauraron kiraye-kirayen wasu shugabannin, daga karshe a watan Mayun wannan shekara shugaban ya hakura da sake neman wa'adi na huɗu da aka yi zargin yana so. Daga karshe kuma rai ya yi halinsa ana tsaka da batun annobar korona.

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Sudan Ta Kudu

Ita ma kasar Sudan Ta Kudu ta shiga rudani da yakin basasa bayan mataimakin shugaban kasar Rieck Machar ya bijire wa Shugaba Salva Kiir.

Salva Kiir

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, Yakin ya raba mutum 400,000 baya ga miliyoyi da suka yi gudun hijira a tsawon shekara shida a Sudan Ta Kudu

Kasashen da dama da kungiyoyi har da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun sha kokarin ganin an cimma sulhu amma hakan bai samu ba.

Yakin ya raba mutum 400,000 baya ga miliyoyi da suka yi gudun hijira a tsawon shekara shida a Sudan Ta Kudu.

Sai dai bayan daukar dogon lokaci na sulhu an rantsar da tsohon jagoran 'yan tawayen Sudan Ta Kudu Rieck Machar, a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasar a wani mataki na aiwatar da yarjeniyar kawo karshen yakin basasar shekara shida a kasar.

Shugaba Salva Kiir ya halarci bikin rantsar da Riek Machar a birnin Juba, kuma shugabannin biyu sun dade suna zaman doya da manja tsakaninsu.

Ana fata kafa gwamantin hadin gwiwar zai kawo karshen yakin basasar da ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane da dama.

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Ivory Coast

Tsakanin shekara ta 2010 zuwa 2011 Ivory Coast ta fada cikin rikicin siyasa wanda ya samo asali bayan Laurent Gbagbo, wanda ke mulkin kasar tun shekara ta 2000 ya sanar da kansa a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara a zaben 2010. Wannan zabe shi ne na farko cikin shekara 10.

Dan takarar jam'iyyar adawa, Alassane Ouattara da kasashen duniya da dama sun yi ikirarin cewa Ouattara ne ya lashe zaben.

Laurent Gbagbo

Asalin hoton, AFP

Bayanan hoto, Mr Gbagbo da matarsa sun fuskancin shari'a a kotun ICC da ke Haguee kan aikata laifukan cin zarafin bil Adama

Bayan shafe watanni ana rikici da tattaunawa, rikicin ya kai wata gaɓa inda aka yi amfani da karfin soji wajen tumbuke Gbagbo.

Mutum fiye da dubu uku ne aka hallaka bayan zaben shekara ta 2010 mai cike da takaddama na kasar.

Mr Gbagbo da matarsa sun fuskancin shari'a a kotun ICC da ke Haguee kan aikata laifukan cin zarafin bil Adama.

Wannan layi ne