Me ya sa Putin ya yi wa Xi batun tsawon rai ta hanyar dashen sassan jiki?

Shin zai yiwu a yi tsawon rai ta hanyar dashen sassan jiki?

Wannan shi ne batun da ba a tsammata ba da ya zama abin magana a wannan mako tsakanin shugaban Rasha da takwaransa na China, a lokacin da suka gana a bikin faretin soji a birnin Beijing.

Wani tafinta ko mai fassara, da ke magana da harshen Mandarin a madadin Putin, ya faɗa wa Shugaba Xi yadda za a riƙa yin dashen sassan jiki ''ta yadda mutum zai ci gaba da kasancewa matashi'' duk kuwa da yawan shekarunsa, kuma zai iya kauce wa tsufa har ''abada''.

"An yi hasashen cewa a wannan ƙarni ɗan'adam zai iya rayuwa har tsawon shekara 150,"in ji tafintan.

Kuma murmushi da dariyarsu za su iya nuna cewa bai yi tsufan shekarunsa ba.

Dashen sassan jiki kan taimaka wajen ceton rayuka - a Birtaniya, fiye da mutum 100,000 aka ceto rayukansu ta hanyar dashen sassan jiki, cikin shekara 30 da suka gabata, a cewar hukumar lafiyar Birtaniya, NHS.

Yayin da ake samun cigaban fannin likitanci da fasaha, sassan jikin da aka dasa za su iya jimawa suna aiki a jikin ɗa'adam.

Wasu an yi musu dasehn koda, kuma ta yi musu aiki har tsawon fiye da shekara 50.

Jimawar sannan jikin da aka dasa ya dogara ne da lafiyar wanda ya bayar da shi da wanda aka dasawa - da kuma yadda aka kula da shi bayan dashen.

Alal misali, idan aka yi maka dashen ƙodar wanda yake raye, ana sa ran za ta ɗauki shekara 20 zuwa 25 tana maka aiki.

Amma idan aka dasa maka ta wanda ya mutu, jimawar aikinta zai iya raguwa zuwa shekara 15 ko 20.

Haka ma nau'in sassan jikin da aka dasa ɗin na da muhimmanci.

Hanta na ɗaukar shekara 20 tana aiki a jikin wanda aka dasa wa, ita kuwa zuciya za ta iya yin shekara 15, sannan huhu kusan shekara 10 a cewar wani bincike da aka wallafa a mujallar lafiya ta Birtaniya.

Tikitin ci gaba da rayuwa ne?

Wataƙila Putin da Xi na magana ne kan yawaitar dashen sassan jiki da suka sha yi.

Tiyata ce babban al'amari a dashen sassan jiki, sai dai tana da hatsarin gaske. A duk lokacin da aka yi maka tiyata ƙafarka guda na duniya ne ɗayar kuma na lahira.

A yanzu haka, mutanen da aka yi wa dashen wani sassan jiki, za su ci gaba da shan maganin - da zai hana jikinsu turje wa abin da aka dasa musun - har tsawon rayuwarsu.

Sai dai magungunan na da wata illa a gefe guda, kamar haifar da hawan jini, da karuwar hatsarin kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Turjiya - na nufin ƙwayoyin garkuwar jikinsa za su fara yaƙi da sassan jikin da aka dasa musu, saboda suna daukarsa a matsayin bakon abu a jikinsu - kuma a wasu lokutan hakan kan faru kodakuwa kana shan maganin.

Sassan jikin da ake yi wa kanikanci

Masana kimiyya na aiki domin inganta batun ta yadda garkuwa jiki ba za su yi yaƙi da dashen ba, ta hanyar amfani da ƙwayoyin halitta na wasu aladu - da aka sarrafa a matsayin waɗanda za su bayar da sassan jikin.

Sun yi amfani da wasu sinadari da aka cire ƙwayoyin halittar aladun tare da sanya ƙwayoyin halittar mutane, domin su yi daidai da na mutane.

Masanan sun ce yin wanna aiki da sassan jikin aladu abu ne mai kyua, saboda girman sasan jikinsu ya yi daidai da na mutane.

Har yanzu ana kan gwaje-gwaje a kimiyance, amma batun dashen zuciya da ƙoda an ma fara yinsu.

Tuni aka samu mutum biyu da suka amince a yi gwajin wannan hanya a kansu, kuma har an yi, sun kuma zama na farko a fannin.

To sai duka mutanen sun mutu, amma duk da haka sun taimaka wajen samun ci gaba a fannin dashen sassan jikin waɗanda suka mutu a jikin masu rai.

Wani fanni da aka gano kuma yake samun ci gaba a fagen dashen sasan jiki.

Har yanzu babu wata cibiyar bincike da ta iya gamsasshen bayani kan aikin sassan jikin da aka dasa da gaɓoɓin ɗan adam da za a iya dasa su, amma masana kimiyya na ci gaba da faɗaɗa bincike a kai.

A watan Disamban 2020, masu bincike na cibiyar Birtaniya, UCL da Cibiyar Francis Crick sun sake samar da sinadarin ''thymus'' na ɗan adam - wani muhimmin sassan jiki a cikin tsarin kariya - ta amfani da ƙwayoyin jikin mutum da ɓangarorin halitta.

Shi kuwa ɗan kasuwan fasahar ƙere-ƙere, Bryan Johnson, yana kashe miliyoyi duk shekara don ƙoƙarin rage shekarunsa na rayuwa.

Bai yi ƙoƙarin samun sabbin sassan jiki ba tukuna - kamar yadda muka sani - amma yana sanya wa kansa jinin ɗansa mai shekaru 17.

To sai dai tuni ya daina hakan, bayan kasa ganin amfaninsa da kuma ƙaruwar binciken magunguna daga ƙungiyoyin duniya kamar kungiyar Abinci da magunguna.

Dakt Julian Mutz daga King's College London ya ce bayan dashen sassan jiki, ana binciken hanyoyin kamar maye gurbin jini, amma waɗannan sun kasance a matsayin gwaji.

"Ko irin waɗannan dabarun za su yi tasiri mai ma'ana a tsawon rayuwa, musamman ma matsakaicin tsawon rayuwar ɗan adam, har yanzu ba a tabbatar ba, kodayake wani yanki ne a fagen kimiyya."

Farfesa Neil Mabott, ƙwararre a fannin kariyar sassan jikin da aka dasa, a Cibiyar Roslin, Jami'ar Edinburgh, ya yi hasashen cewa waɗanda aka yi wa dashen sassan jiki , za su iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 125.

"Wadda aka tabbatar da mafi tsufa a duniya ita ce 'yar Faransa, Jeanne Calment da ta rayu tsawon shekaru 122, tsakanin 1875 zuwa 1997," kamar yadda ya shaida wa BBC.

Yayin da gabobin da suka lalace da marasa lafiya za su iya maye gurbinsu ta hanyar dashe, ko muke tsufa jikinmu ya ƙasa iya jure wa matsalolin jiki, wannan hanya za ta taimaka sosai.

"Mun fara mayar da martani ga masu kamuwa da cututtuka, kuma jikinmu ya zama mai rauni, mai saurin rauni kuma ba sa iya warkewa da gyarawa'', in ji Farfesa Neil.

"Damuwa da rauni da tasirin tiyatar dashe, tare da ci gaba da yin amfani da magungunan turjiya da ake buƙata don hana turje wa gabobin da aka dasa zai yi tsanani sosai a cikin marasa lafiya masu shekaru,'' in ji shi.

Ya ce maimakon mu mayar da hankali kan tsawon rai, mu yi ƙoƙari don rayuwar shekaru masu koshin lafiya.

Farfesa Mabott ya ce: "Rayuwa mai tsawo, cike da fama da cututukan da za su biyo bayan tsufa na daga cikin ƙalunbalen aikin''.