Mutum 10 da suka yi rawar gani wajen samun ƴancin Najeriya

BBC ta yi bincike daga wurare daban-daban dangane da mutanen da suka fi taka rawa wajen fafutukar nema wa Najeriya 'yanci.

Mun kuma samu mutum 10 da suka yi fice waɗanda za mu bayyana takaitaccen tarihinsu da rawar da suka taka:

1. Sir Ahmadu Bello, Sardaunan Sokoto (12 Yuni, 1910 - 15 Janairu, 1966)

An haifi Sir Ahmadu Bello a garin Rabbah na jihar Sokoto da ke arewacin Najeriya.

Sardauna na daya daga cikin jagororin Najeriya da suka yi fice a duniya.

Ahmadu Bello ya rike sarautar Sardaunan Sokoto kuma ya jagoranci jam'iyyar Northern People's Congress, NPC, inda ya mamaye harkar siyasar kasar a jamhuriya ta daya.

Sir Ahmadu Bello ya yi fafutuka wajen nema wa Najeriya ƴanci, inda bayan dawowarsa daga wani bulaguro da ya yi zuwa Birtaniya, aka naɗa shi a matsayin danmajalisa mai wakiltar lardin Sokoto.

Hoton Sardauna ne a kan kudin Najeriya na ₦200.

Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da ake tunawa da Sardauna sun haɗa da Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello University da ke Zaria wadda aka sanya mata sunansa da kuma rawar da ya taka wajen cigaban arewacin ƙasar.

2. Cif Anthony Enahoro (22 Yuli 1923 - 15 Disamba 2010)

Cif Anthony Eromosele Enahoro na ɗaya daga cikin fitattun ƴan gwawarmayar ƙin jinin mulkin mallaka kuma mai rajin kafa dimokraɗiyya.

Mista Enahoro ya zama Editan jaridar Southern Nigerian Defender ta Nnamdi Azikiwe, inda ya zamo editan jarida mafi ƙarancin shekaru a Najeriya.

Enahoro ne mutum na farko da ya fara miƙa buƙatar neman ƴancin kan Najeriya a 1953. Hakan ne ya sa ake yi masa lakabi da "Uban Najeriya".

Chief Enahoro masani ne kuma ya yi ta fafutuka kan Najeriya har lokacin da ya mutu a 2010.

3. Herbert Macaulay (14 Nuwamba 1864 - 7 Mayu 1946)

Sunansa Olayinka Herbert Samuel Heelas Badmus. Ya kasance ɗan kishin ƙasa, ɗan siyasa, Injiniya, mai ilimin tsara gine-gine kuma ɗan jarida ne kuma mawaƙi.

Ƴan Najeriya da dama na bayyana shi da jagoran masu kishin ƙasar.

Mista Macaulay ya yi suna wajen hamayya da mulkin turawan mulkin mallaka.

A shekarar 1919, ya tsaya wa masu sarauta a Landan waɗanda aka ƙwace wa gonaki inda ya tilasta wa gwamnatin turawan mallaka da ta biya sarakan diyya.

Hakan ne ya fusata Majalisar Birtaniya ta British Council inda har ta kai ga ta ɗaure shi sau biyu.

Macaulay ya shahara inda a ranar 24 ga watan Yuni 1923 ya kafa jam'iyyar siyasa ta farko a Najerita ta Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP).

Herbert Macaulay ya mutu a 1946. Amma hotonsa ne a tsohuwar ₦1.

4. Cif Obafemi Awolowo (6 Maris 1909 - 9 Mayu 1987)

Chif Obafemi Jeremiah Oyeniyi Awolowo ɗan kishin ƙasa ne kuma dattijo wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a gwagwarmayar neman ƴancin kan Najeriya.

Shi ne firimiyan yankin kudu maso yammacin Najeriya na farko sannan ya yi kwamishinan kuɗi a gwamnatin tarayya.

Chif Obafemi ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na majalisar zartarwa a lokacin yaƙin basasa.

Awolowo ya jagoranci masu hamayya na jam'iyyar Action Group a majalisar dokokin tarayya.

Duk da cewa bai ci takarar shugabancin Najeriya a jamhuriya ta biyu ba, Cif Awolowo ya kasance ɗan takara na biyu mai yawan ƙuri'a bayan Alhaji Shehu Shagari.

Hoton Awolowo ne a jikin ₦100.

5. Funmilayo Ransom Kuti (25 Oktoba 1900 - 13 Afrilu 1978)

Funmilayo Ransom Kuti ta kasance mace ɗaya tilo a jerin sunayen ƴan gwagwarmayar neman ƴancin kan Najeriya.

Fumilayo ta kasance malamar makaranta, ƴar siyasa, mai fafutukar kare ƴancin mata sannan kuma mai riƙe da sarautar gargajiya.

Ita ce mahaifiya ga shahararren mawaƙin nan na Najeriya, Femi Kuti.

Funmilayo ce mace ta farko da ta fara tuƙa mota a Najeriya.

An zaɓe ta a majalisar sarakunan gargajiya, inda ta kasance wata wakiliya ta al'ummar Yarabawa.

Fafutukar da ta yi ta janyo wa ƴaƴanta baƙin jini musamman lokacin gwamnatocin soji.

6. Nnamdi Azikwe (16 Nuwamba 1904 - 11 Mayu 1996)

Chif Benjamin Nnamdi Azikiwe ne jagoran ƴan gwagwarmayar masu kishin ƙasa na zamani. Nnamdi wanda ake yi wa laƙabi da mai kishin ƙasa ya riƙe matsayin Editan jaridar African Morning Post.

Shi ne mutum farko ɗan Najeriya da sunansa ya shiga Majalisar Tuntuba ta Amurka.

Bayan ayyana Najeriya a matsayin Jamhuriya, Dr Nnamdi Azikwe ya yi bakin ƙoƙarinsa wajen ganin ya haɗa kan ƙasar.

Dr Zik ya zamo shugaban Najeriya na farko.

7. Tafawa Balewa (Disamba 1912 - 15 Janairu 1966)

Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa ne firai ministan Najeriya na farko bayan da ƙasar ta samu ƴancin kai a 1960.

An zaɓi Sir Abubakar Balewa a matsayin ɗan majalisar dokokin lardin arewa a 1946, sannan ya je majalisar dokoki ta tarayya a 1947.

Tafawa Balewa ya zamo ɗan majalisa mai rajin kare arewacin Najeriya.

Alhaji Abubakar Tafawa Balewa tare da Sardaunan Sakkwato sun kafa jam'iyyar Northern People's Congress (NPC).

8. Malam Sa'adu Zungur (1914-1958)

Malam Sa'adu Zungur na ɗaya daga cikin matasan da suka yi adawa mai ƙarfi ga Turawan mulkin mallaka.

Tare da Abubakar Tafawa Ɓalewa da Aminu Kano da wasu gogaggun ƴan arewacin Najeriya sun kafa ƙungiyar Bauchi General Improvement Union, BGIU, ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin da suka zama jam'iyyun siyasa na farko a arewacin ƙasar da Bauchi Discussion Circle.

Malam Sa'adu Zungur ya yi amfani da ƙungiyoyin biyu wurin bayyana ra'ayoyinsa masu kaushi.

A shekarar 1946 ne Nnamdi Azikiwe ya aike wa da Zungur gayyatar kasancewa da jaridarsa ta West African Pilot wadda aka kafa domin gwagwarmayar ƙwato ƴanci daga hannun Turawan mulkin mallaka.

9. Malam Aminu Kano (9 August 1920 — 17 April 1983)

Malam Aminu Kano wanda ya kafa fitacciyar jam'iyyar NEPU, ya kasance malamin makaranta ne a 1940, bayan kammala Kwalejin Kaduna, inda kuma aikin koyarwar ya kai shi zama a birane kamar Bauchi da Zaria da ma taƙaitaccen lokaci a kudancin Najeriya.

A 1942 ne ra'ayinsa na riƙau kan sarakuna da rajin kare Talakawa ya fara bayyana. A lokacin ne ya fara rubuce-rubuce a jaridu da mujallu kamar Gaskiya Ta Fi Kwabo da West African Pilot ta Nnamdi Azikiwe.

Bayanai sun nuna cewa haɗuwar Malam Aminu Kano da Malam Sa'adu Zungur a kwalejin Kaduna College ce ta ƙara masa ƙaimin samun ra'ayin mazan jiya.

A shekarar 1948 ne Malam Aminu Kano ya ja gorar wasu ƴan arewacin ƙasar masu irin ra'ayinsa suka kafa Jam'iyyar Mutanen Arewa ko kuma Northern Peoples Congress, NPC, kuma an ƙaddamar da ita a 1949.

To sai dai kuma Malam Aminu ya ajiye muƙaminsa a jam'iyyar a 1950, inda kuma ya kafa Northern Progressive Union, NEPU da manufar ƙwata wa Talakawa ƴanci.

10. Hajiya Gambo Sawaba (1933-2001)

An haifi Gambo Sawaba ranar 15 Fabrairun 1933 a jihar Neja sai dai ta yi rayuwarta a garin Zariya da ke jihar Kaduna, a cewar Dokta Shu'aibu Aliyu.

Ta fara karatu a makarantar furamare ta NA, kodayake karatun nata ya samu tsaiko bayan rasuwar mahaifinta.

''Duk da cewa ta yi aure tun tana ƙarama, (shekara13), bayan rasuwar iyayenta, hakan bai sanyaya mata gwiwa a fannin gwagwarmaya ba''.

Tsohon shugaban gidan tarihin ya ce an tsare Hajiya Gambo Sawaba a kurkuku aƙalla sau 16 saboda gwagwarmayarta na neman yanci.

''Ta kasance ƙusa a siyasar arewacin Najeriya, inda ta kai matsayin mataimakiyar shugaban jam'iyyar GNPP, kafin daga baya ta koma jam'iyyar NEPU inda ta zama shugabar mata na jam'iyyar''.

Gambo Sawaba ta riƙa sukar manufofin turawan mulkin mallaka a tarukan yaƙin neman zaɓen NEPU.

Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin matan da aka riƙa jin muryoyinsu a fagen fafutikar neman yancin kan Najeriya, in ji masanin tarihin.

A ƙarshe ta rasu cikin watan Oktoban 2001.