Mutumin da ya kutsa cikin Auschwitz don bayyana wa duniya irin ta'asar da Hitler da ƴan Nazi suka yi

A ranar 27 ga Janairu, 1945, fursunoni a babban gidan yarin Auschwitz sun ga isowar sojoji daga bakin daga a Ukrainian waɗanda suka buɗe ƙofofin gidan yarin. Bayan sama da shekaru huɗu suna shan azabtarwa, daga ƙarshe aka ƴantar da su.

A bana ne ake bikin cika shekar 80 da samun ƴantar da sansani mafi muni a duniya, inda aka kashe sama da mutane miliyan 1.1 galibi Yahudawa (30 ga Afrilu kuma ita ce ranar cika shekaru 80 da mutuwar Adolf Hitler, mutumin da akidarsa ta jagoranci Jamus ta aikata irin wannan ta'asa).

An kafa Auschwitz a shekara ta 1940 lokacin da ƴan Nazi suka buɗe wani sabon sansanin a Oświęcim, da ke kudancin Poland, don ɗaure masu laifi a kurkuku. Abin da ya fara a matsayin kurkukun siyasa da za a riƙa ɗaure ƴan ƙasar Poland ya zama cibiyar mutuwa ga Yahudawan Turai, kuma cikin ƙanƙanin lokaci za a fara alaƙanta sunan Auschwitz da kisan kiyashi da da kisan ƙare dangin da aka yi wa yahudawa (Holocaust).

A cikin shekarar farko da ya fara aiki, kusan ba a san komai game da ayyukan da aka gudanar a wannan wurin ba, har sai da wani mutum ya yanke shawarar yin kasadar sanya rayuwarsa cikin haɗari don gano hakan.

Masu gadin sansanin da sauran fursunoni, sun san wannan mutumin da suna Tomasz Serafiński, ko kuma fursuna mai lamba 4859. Ɗan adawa ne wanda ya kasance a wurin da bai dace ba a lokacin da bai dace ba. Amma ga wata ƙungiyuar ƴan adawa da ke yaƙi da aƙidar Nazi, sunansa Witold Pilecki, soja, jami'in leƙen asiri, kuma uban yara biyu, mabiyin ɗariƙar Katolika.

"Witold Pilecki yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar ƴan gwagwarmaya da ake kira Polish Secret Army (TAP)," in ji Dokta Piotr Setkiewicz, wani masanin tarihi a gidan tarihi na Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial Museum.

"Lokacin da TAP ta sami labarin kasancewar sabon sansanin Auschwitz, an fara tattaunawa game da aika wani wurin don bincikar abin da ke faruwa. Pilecki ya amsa cewa zai gudanar da wannan aikin."

"Dole ne a jaddada cewa a wancan lokacin, babu wanda ke cikin TAP da ya san abin da ake yi a cikin Auschwitz," Setkiewicz ya ci gaba da cewa. "Sai a lokacin ne aka fara samun sakonni ta wayar tangaraho, wanda ke ba da rahoton mutuwar waɗanda aka ɗauka a jigilar farko daga Warsaw."

Pilecki ya buƙaci ya ɓullo da dabarar hanyar da zai bi don kutsawa cikin sansanin. Don haka, wata rana a cikin watan Satumban 1940, ya sami kansa a gidan surukarsa a gundumar Żoliborz da ke Warsaw a lokacin wani farmaki da ƴan sanda suka kai yankin, kuma ya yi amfani da sunan wani Bayahude sojan Poland da aka kashe domin ta tabbatar da cewa an kama shi.

Bayan kwanaki uku, Pilecki ya wuce ta babbar ƙofar sansanin da ke ɗauke da rubutun "Arbeit Macht Frei", inda zai kasance na tsawon shekaru biyu da rabi yana kutsawa cikin sansanin, inda ya aika da bayanai don faɗakar da duniya kan abubuwan da ke gudana a sansanin, yayin da ake fuskantar aikin tilastawa, yunwa da haɗarin mutuwa kamar kowane fursuna da ke tsare da shi a lokacin.

Ya rubuta rahotannin da aka fitar da su daga sansanin a sace, ɗauke da bayanai kan yanayin da ake tsare da mutane, da azabtarwa, da kuma kisa. A lokaci guda kuma, ya zaburar da wata fafutuka ta turjiya da ta yi wa sansanin zagon ƙasa, tare da kashe jami'an SS, ta kuma shirya safarar abinci da magunguna.

Banda surukarsa, danginsa ba su san komai ba game da ayyukansa na soji ba.

"Mun dai san cewa Baba ya yi wani aiki mai mahimmanci, amma ba mu san ko wane nau'i ba ne, kasancewar mu yara. Ba ni da tabbas ko mafiyata na da masaniya kan lamarin, amma ina tsammanin ba ta san cikakkun bayanai game da aikinsa ba, "in ji ɗiyar Pilecki, Zofia Pilecka-Optulowicz.

"Domin tsare kawunan mu da Baban mu, wannan aiki ya buƙaci kar mu san cikakkun bayanai da suka shafi yadda ake gudanar da shi."

A cikin rahotannin da ya aiko da su, Pilecki ya bayyana gaskiyar yadda al'amura ke gudana a Auschwitz tare da yin kira ga dakarun haɗin gwiwa da su kai hari sansanin.

Ko da yake rahotannin sun kai ga wasu manyan kwamandoji, an yi watsi da su saboda ba a bai wa Poland muhimmanci ba, musamman ta fannin soji. Ko a ranar da aka kwato sansanin, dakarun Red Army sun sami labarin kasancewarsu ne kwatsam, bayan sun ƙwato birnin Krakow da ke kusa.

Ko da yake bayanan Pilecki ba su kai ga ƙwato sansanin ba, amma sun ba da cikakken ra'ayi na farko game da yanayin da ya kasance a can.

Shi ne na farko da ya bai wa duniya bayanai na shaidar ganin id game da azaobtarwa da kashe fursunoni, shekaru uku kafin shugabannin ƙasashen ƙawance su amince da kasancewar sansanin fursunoni a hukumance.

An kwashe wasu shekaru biyu bayan tserewar su kafin a ceto fursunonin Auschwitz da suka tsira. A wancan lokacin, cikin kusan mutane miliyan 1.1 da suka shiga cikin sansanin, kusan 7,000 ne kawai suka sami ƴancinsu.

Pilecki ya shahara a matsayin "mutumin da ya shiga Auschwitz da son ransa," ko da ya ke ba a san labarinsa ba shekaru da yawa. Bayan yaƙin, Poland ta fada ƙarƙashin mulkin Soviet, kuma Pilecki da rundunarsa ta ƙarƙashin ƙasa sun ci gaba da yaƙin neman ƴancin Poland a lokacin yaƙin Warsaw.

A ƙarshe, an kama shi, aka tilasta masa sanya hannu a wata takarda da ta ce ya amince da aikata laifin cin amanar ƙasa, kuma aka kashe shi a asirce a shekara ta 1948. An hana a ambaci sunan Witold Pilecki, kuma an lalata ko kuma an ɓoye rahotanni da takardu da suka shafi ayyukansa.

Pilecka-Optulowicz da ɗan'uwanta Andrej sun ji rahotannin rediyo game da shari'ar Pilecki da kisan da aka yi masa kuma sun girma suna jin cewa mahaifinsu mayaudari ne kuma maƙiyin ƙasa.

Sai a cikin 1990s ne suka gano mahaifinsu ya kasance jarumi a duk tsawon lokacin.

Pilecka-Optulowicz ta tuna da mahaifinta a matsayin mutum mai ƙaunarsu amma mai tsauri, mutum mai ƙa'ida wanda yake ƙaunar iyalinsa.

"Na tuna a fili yawancin hirarrakin da na yi da mahaifina game da yanayi, game da yadda tsarin rayuwa ke aiki, game da muhimmancin dukkan halittun da ke duniya," in ji shi.

"Ya kuma nuna mani duniya cikin alheri da ƙauna, kuma ya koya mani yadda zan iya mu'amala a yanayi daban-daban... Ya cusa mana muhimmancin kiyaye lokaci da gaskiya. Na kiyaye waɗannan darussan a rayuwata."

Mulkin kwaminisanci na Soviet a Poland ya ƙare ne a 1989, kuma a ƙarshe za a iya bayyana labarin gaskiya na Pilecki. An rubuta littattafai game da shi, an sanya wa tituna suna don girmama shi, kuma an koyar da labarinsa a makarantun Poland.

An kafa Cibiyar Pilecki don bincike kan tarihin siyasa na Poland da kuma girmama duk waɗanda suka tallafa wa ƴan ƙasar Poland a lokuta masu wuya; Labarin Pilecki wani ɓangare ne na abubuwan da aka nuna a gidan tarihi na Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial.

Ziyartar gidan ajiye kayan tarihi abu ne taɓa zuciya; wani shaida ne da ke nuni da irin zaluncin da ɗan adam ke iya yi wa sauran ƴan Adam.