Mata biyar da suka yi gwagwarmayar samun ƴancin Najeriya

A duk lokacin da aka yi maganar gwagwarmayar samun ƴancin Najeriya, maza ne aka fi jin amonsu, wataƙila saboda yadda aka san maza da jajircewa ta fuskar gwagwarmaya.

To sai dai gwagwarmayar neman ƴancin ta kowa ce, domin kuwa akwai matan da suka nuna jajircewa wajen ƙwato wa ƙasashensu ƴancin kai daga turawan mulkin mallaka.

A wannan maƙala mun tattaro wasu mata da suka bayar da gudunmowarsu wajen sama wa Najeriya ƴanci.

Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti (1900–1978)

A haifi Fumilayo Ransome Kuti a garin Abeokuta, da ke cikin jihar Ogun ta yanzu ranar 25 ga watan Oktoban 1900.

Dokta Shu'aibu Shehu Aliyu malami a jami'ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zariya kuma tsohon shugaban gidan adana tarihi na Arewa House ya ce Mrs Kuti ta kasance mace ta farko da ta halarci makarantar koyon ilimin harshe ta Abeokuta.

''Ta yi aiki a matsayin malamar makaranta ga ƙananan yara da kuma mata masu ƙarancin samu''.

Haka kuma malamin jami'ar ya ce ana tunanin cewa ita ce mace ta farko da ta taba tuka mota a Najeriya.

A shekarun 1940, Ransome-Kuti ta jagoranci kafa ƙungiyar matan Abeokuta domin ƙarfafa ƴancin mata da neman wakilcin mata a ɓangaren mulki da kasuwanci.

Kafofin yaɗa labarai a lokacin na bayyana Kuti a matsayin ''zakanya'' saboda jajircewarta a gwagwarmaya.

A shekarar 1946 ta jagoranci zanga-zangar gangamin mata 10,000 domin kwato 'yancin mata.

ta shiga gwagwarmayar nema wa Najeriya yancin, inda ta halarci manyan taruka domin tattauna batun.

Ta mutu a shekarar 1978, tana da shekara 77 a duniya bayan raunin da ta samu a wani samame da sojoji suka kai gidanta.

Ta haifi fitattun ƴaya da suka haɗa da fitaccen mawaƙin nan Fela Kuti da kuma ɗan gwagwarmaya Beko Ransome-Kuti, da tsohon ministan lafiyar ƙasar, Olikoye Ransome-Kuti.

Margaret Ekpo (1914–2006)

An haifi Margaret Ekpo ranar 27 ga watan Yulin 1914 a garin Creek da ke jihar Cross River ta yanzu.

Bayan mutuwar mahaifinta a shekarar 1934, ta jingine karatu na wucin-gadi .

Ta fara sha'awar siyasa ne bayan da ta halarci wani taro a madadin mijinta wanda likita ne.

Daga nan ne ta shiga harkokin siyasa gadan-gadan, lamarin da ya sa har ta kai muƙamin shugabar mata ta jam'iyyar NCNC.

Dokta Shu'aibu ya ce ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin wakilan mata da suka tafi biranen Legas ta Landon domin tsara kundin tsarin mulkin Najeriya.

''Ta yi fice wajen adawa da manufofin turawan mulkin mallaka, inda ta riƙa sukar wasu daga cikinsu, ciki har da batun haraji da ƴancin mata'', in ji shi.

Ta riƙa amfani da salo na musamman wajen gudanar da zanga-zangar adawa da mukin mallaka.

A lokacin yaƙin basasar ƙasar, hukumomin Biafra sun kama da tsare ta na tsawon shekara uku.

A ƙarshe ta mutu ranar 21 ga watan Satumban 2006.

Hajiya Gambo Sawaba (1933-2001)

An haifi Gambo Sawaba ranar 15 Fabrairun 1933 a jihar Neja sai dai ta yi rayuwarta a garin Zariya da ke jihar Kaduna, a cewar Dokta Shu'aibu Aliyu.

Ta fara karatu a makarantar furamare ta NA, kodayake karatun nata ya samu tsaiko bayan rasuwar mahaifinta.

''Duk da cewa ta yi aure tun tana ƙarama, (shekara13), bayan rasuwar iyayenta, hakan bai sanyaya mata gwiwa a fannin gwagwarmaya ba''.

Tsohon shugaban gidan tarihin ya ce an tsare Hajiya Gambo Sawaba a kurkuku aƙalla sau 16 saboda gwagwarmayarta na neman yanci.

''Ta kasance ƙusa a siyasar arewacin Najeriya, inda ta kai matsayin mataimakiyar shugaban jam'iyyar GNPP, kafin daga baya ta koma jam'iyyar NEPU inda ta zama shugabar mata na jam'iyyar''.

Gambo Sawaba ta riƙa sukar manufofin turawan mulkin mallaka a tarukan yaƙin neman zaɓen NEPU.

Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin matan da aka riƙa jin muryoyinsu a fagen fafutikar neman yancin kan Najeriya, in ji masanin tarihin.

A ƙarshe ta rasu cikin watan Oktoban 2001.

Flora Nwapa (1931–1993)

An haifi Florence Nwanzuruahu Nkiru Nwapa ranar 13 ga watan Janairun 1931.

Ms Nwapa ta kasancewa mace ta farko da ta wallafa littafin adabi da Turanci a Afirka, lamarin da ya sa ake yi mata laƙabi da uwar adabin zamanin Afirka, a cewar Dokta Shu'aibu.

''Ta shiga jerin matan da suka yi fafutikar sama wa Najeriya ƴancin kai daga turawan mulkin mallaka ta hanyar rubuce-rubucenta'', kamar yadda ya bayyana.

Malamin jami'ar ya ƙara da cewa bayan samun yancin kai ta zama ministar lafiya, jin ƙai da walwalar jama'a, inda ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tallafa wa marayun da waɗanda suka rasa muhallansu a yakin basasar Biafra.

Ms Nwapa ta rasu ranar 16 Oktoban 1993.

Hannah Idowu Dideolu Awolowo (1915–2015)

Dokta Shu'aibu ya ce an haifi Hannah Idowu Dideolu Awolowo ranar 25 ga watan Nuwamban 1915 a garin Ikenne, da ke jihar Ogun ta yanzu.

Ta halarci makarantar sakandiren ƴanmata da ke Legas.

''A shekarar 1937 ta auri fitaccen ɗansiyasar ƙasar, Obafemi Awolowo, inda ta riƙa taimaka masa a gwagwarmayar neman ƴancin kai'', in ji shi.

Ya ƙara da cewa ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasar yankin Yarabawa, tare da taimaka wa mijinta wajen ƙulla ƙawancen NCNC da AG da aka kira UPGA a lokacin da yake gidan yari.

Ta rasu ranar 19 ga watan Satumban 2015, tana da shekara 99 a duniya.

Me ya sa matan arewa ba su da yawa a ciki?

Dokta Shu'aibu ya ce abin da ya sa ba a samu matan arewa da dama da suka taka rawa a gwagwarmayar samun ƴancin kai ba shi ne ƙarancin wayewa da ilimin zamani.

''Galibi za ka ga matan kudu ne a kan gaba, wannan ba ya rasa nasaba da ilimin boko da al'ummar kudancin ƙasar ke da shi fiye da arewa a lokacin'', in ji shi.

Haka kuma ya ce wani abu da ya hana matan arewacin ƙasar shiga gwagwarmayar neman yancin shi ne addini da al'adar mutanen yankin.

Darasi daga rayuwar ƴan gwagwarmayar

Dokta Shua'aibu Aliyu ya ce darasin da ya kamata matan yanzu su koya daga rayuwar waɗancan mata shi ne jajircewa da ƙoƙorin yin magana.

''Gwagwarmaya ba yanzu mata suka fara yi ba, a tarihi muna sane da irin gwagwarmayar da Nana Asma'u Ƴar Shehu Usmanu Danfodio ta yi wajen taimaka wa mahaifinta yaɗa addinin musulunci a arewa'', in ji shi.

Malamin jami'ar ya ce yana da kyau mata su riƙa taimaka wa mazajensu wajen tabbatar da su a kan gaskiya, tare da nusar da su idan suna kan kuskure, kamar yadda wadannan mata suka yi.