Ibintu cumi bitazwi cane kuri Martin Luther King

Mu gihe Amerika ifata akanya ko kwibuka iragi rya Dr Martin Luther King, Jr, abahinga bavuga ko urugamba rwiwe rwo kurwanya ubukene n'ukutangana n'uno munsi rugikamvye nko mu gihe co kurwanira uburenganzira bwa muntu muri Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Ng'ibi ibintu 10 bitazwi cane ku buzima n'iragi vya Dr Martin Luther King, Jr.

Ijambo 'I have a dream' yarivuze atariteguye

Ageze hagati ariko aravuga iryo jambo mu 1963, umuririmvyi w'indirimbo z'imana Mahalia Jackson yaciye asemerera ati: ''Babwire ivyerekeye indoto, Martin!''

Ako kamo kaciye gatuma King ahindura aja ku nyigisho yari yigeze gutanga [mw'isengero], aho yavuga ingene Indoto y'Abanyamerika (American Dream) yomera ukundi ikaba iyingana n'iyishikirwa n'abanyagihugu bose.

''Ndarota mbona abana banje bane umunsi umwe baba mu gihugu aho batazorabirwa ico bamaze ku rukoba rwabo, ariko ku kuntu bameze. Ndafise indoto uyu munsi'', niko King yavuze.

Iryo jambo rurangiranwa mu nyuma ryahavuye rimenyekana nka ''I have a dream'' (Ndafise indoto).

Kandi haracari vyinshi vyo gukora kugira vy'ukuri iyo ndoto ya Dr King ibe ukuri ku bijanye no kungana, nk'uko bivugwa na Lerone Martin.

Kungana niwo mutima w'indoto y'Abanyamerika, bivugwa na Lerone Martin , umuyobozi w'ikigo c'ubushakashatsi n'indero cititiwe Martin Luther King Jr (Martin Luther King Jr Research and Education Institute) kuri kaminuza ya Stanford.

''N'aho yahuye n'akagaye kenshi cane, King yakoze igikorwa c'igitangaza co kudahengeshanya kugerageza kwerekana ko utwigoro twiwe twari duhuye n'ivyo Abanyamerika bifuza gushikako.''

Izina yahawe akivuka ryari Michael King

Igihe yavuka itariki 15 Nzero mu 1929, yiswe izina rya se, Michael King. Ariko inyuma y'imyaka itandatu, se wa King yagendeye Ubudagi hanyuma amenya ivyerekeye Martin Luther, uwari arongoye umuzo w'Ubuporoti.

Bivugwa ko vyamunyuze cane gushika aho agarutse i muhira yaciye ahindura icese amazina yiwe n'ay'umuhungu wiwe w'imfura baca bitwa Martin Luther King.

King yafashe ingingo yo kuba umuvugabutumwa ari muri kaminuza

Mu 1944, Martin Luther King, Jr yinjiye mw'ishure rya kaminuza rya Morehouse College ku myaka 15.

Abo mu muryango wa King bari basanzwe kuva kera biga kuri iryo shure ry'abahungu gusa ryo muri Atlanta muri Georgie, ishure ryari rizwi cane nk'iryabirabure.

Ku bw'ikigo King Institute, uwo yahavuye ahinduka imboneza mu kurwanira uburenganzira, vyavugwa ko yari ''umunyeshure asanzwe'', ariko umwanya yamaze kuri Morehouse wabaye kirumara mu gukangura muri we ishaka ryo guharanira ukungana mu mibano no muri poritike vyongera bimuha iciyumviro co kuba umuvugabutumwa.

Yahagaritswe incuro zirenga 25

Mu myaka yiwe 13 nk'imboneza mu kurwanira uburenganzira, King yahagaritswe incuro 30, kenshi ku vyaha bito bito nko kurenga ku mategeko yo kugira imyiyerekano, ku bw'ikigo King Center.

N'ubwo yaguma aronderwa n'abajejwe kwubahiriza amategeko, ntiyatinya kujanwa mw'ibohero.

Yarahagaritswe muri Gitugutu mu 1960 inyuma yo kugandagaza imbere y'imangazini muri Atlanta aca afungirwa muri Georgia State Prison.

Yandikiye umugore wiwe, Coretta, ari muri iryo bohero, ko yari yizeye ko ''ukubabazwa birengeje biriko birashikira umuryango wacu buke buke bizofasha igisagara cacu kuba ciza gusumba, Geoargia nayo kuba intara nziza gusumba, Amerika nayo igihugu ciza gusumba".

Yanditse ibitabo bitanu

Ku bw'ikigo King Center, King yanditse ibitabo bitanu mu myaka yabayeho kandi asohora intororokane nyinshi z'amakete n'inyigisho vyiwe.

Igitabo ciwe co mu 1964, Why We Can't Wait, cavuga ku bintu vyatumye haba isekeza rya Birmingham, Alabama, ryo kurwanya ikumirwa.

Yari umu-Trekkie

Nichelle Nichols, azwi cane nka Lt Nyota Ohura muri Star Trek, yeretswe umuntu yavugwa ko ari ''umufana wiwe wa mbere akomeye'' - Dr Martin Luther King Jr.

Nichols yari yatanze imihoho mu gukina muri Star Trek iminsi imbere y'uko bahurira mu birori vyo gutanga udushimwe.

Ariko aho amariye kumenyesha King imigambi yiwe yo kuva muri ako gakino, yabwiye Television Academy Foundation, ko King yaciye amurahira ko atoheba uruhara rukomeye yari afise muri ako gakino.

''Yavuze ati, 'Ubwa mbere ku mboneshamakuru tuzoboneka nk'uko twategerezwa kubonwa buri munsi, nk'abantu bazi ubwenge, b'agaciro, abantu beza... bashobora kuja mu kirere'' nk'uko Nichols yibuka.

''Nagumye mpagaze ngaho ntahura ingene ijambo rimwe rimwe ryose yariko aravuga kwari ukuri. Ico gihe, isi yanshize ku mutwe w'inkuru." Yaciye abandanya aguma muri ako gakino iyinsdi myaka myinshi.

Yari amaze guhakwa kwicwa kenshi

Muri Nyakanga mu 1958, King yegerewe n'umugore atari akomeye neza mu mutwe igihe yariko arashira umukono ku ma kopi y'igitabo ciwe caheruka gusohoka, Stride Toward Freedom, i Harlem.

Uwo mugore yarihweje arabona neza ko ari King imbere y'uko amucumita akabugita yari afise kareha hafi 18 cm.

Ico gihe, abaganga bamubwiye ko hari hasigaye ko yasamura rimwe gusa agaca apfa, kuko ako kabugita kagarukiye hafi cane ya aorte (umutsi munini cane uvana amaraso mu mutima uyajana mu bindi bice vy'umubiri), ku bw'ikigo King Instutute.

Amaze kumenya ko uwo mugore yari arwaye mu mutwe, King yavuze ati: ''Nta nzigo ndamufitiye'' ahubwo asaba ko yovuzwa.

Nyina wa King, Alberta, nawe yaragandaguwe

Ku wa 30 Ruheshi mu 1974, imyaka itandatu inyuma y'igandagagurwa rya King, umugabo w'imyaka 23 yararashe arica nyina wa King, Alberta Williams King, igihe yariko aravuza inanga mu misa mw'isengero y'Ababatiste, Ebenezer Baptist Church.

Uwo yarashe yaragiriwe n'icaha aca acirirwa urwo gupfa , ariko mu nyuma asubira gucirirwa urwo gupfungwa ubuzima bwose ku ruhande rumwe kubera umuryango wa King wari uteye kubiri n'igihano co gupfa.

Umuryango wa King niwo warishe amafaranga y'ibitaro igihe Julia Roberts yavuka

Mu kiganiro na Gayle King cakurikiwe cane, umukinyi w'ama sinema Julia Roberts yemeje ikintu kitari kizwi cane c'umunsi yavuka.

''Umuryango wa King niwo warishe amafaranga y'ibitaro,'' nk'uko avuga, yongerako ko imiryango ya Roberts na King yabaye abagenzi ba hafi kubera abavyeyi biwe bakiriye abana bo mu muryango wa King mw'ishure rya Atlanta ryo kwiga kuba umukinyi.

Mu nyuma, igihe Julia yavuka hanyuma umuryango wiwe ntushobore kuriha amafaranga y'ibitaro, Coretta, ''niwe yadukuyeyo''.

Yari afise imyaka itarenga 39 igihe yagandagurwa

Dr King ntiyarenza imyaka 39 igihe yangandagurwa ku wa 4 Ndamukiza (4) 1968. Yamaze imyaka idashika 13 gusa mw'isekeza ryo kurwanira uburenganzira no kungana hagati y'amoko.

Ariko ku bw'ikigo King Center, muri ico kiringo gito, yarashoboye guteza imbere ibijanye no kungana kw'amoko muri Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kurusha mu myaka 350 yari iheze.