Umurusiya wari umupilote wa gisirikare watorotse agahunga n'amaguru yaganiriye na BBC

Uwatorotse igisirikare wahunze Uburusiya agenda n'amaguru yahaye BBC ikiganiro cy'imbonekarimwe, aho atanga ishusho y'igisirikare kirimo kwicwamo abasirikare benshi kandi gifite ubushake bucye bwo kurwana.

Liyetona Dmitry Mishov, umusirikare w'imyaka 26 warwanishaga indege, yishyikirije abategetsi ba Lithuania, asaba ubuhungiro nk'impunzi ya politiki.

Dmitry yavuze ko guhunga Uburusiya muri ubwo buryo budasanzwe, afite igikapu gito cyo mumugongo, bwari bwo buryo bwa nyuma yari asigaranye.

Ni umwe mu bantu bacyeya bazwi bahoze ari abasirikare b'Uburusiya bahunze icyo gihugu mu kwirinda koherezwa kurwana muri Ukraine – ni na we wenyine BBC izi wahoze mu gisirikare cy'Uburusiya kirwanira mu kirere.

Gushaka gutoroka

Dmitry, utwara indege ya kajugujugu njya rugamba, yakoreraga mu karere ka Pskov, mu majyaruguru ashyira uburengerazuba bw'Uburusiya. Ubwo indege yari itangiye gutegurirwa kurwana, Dmitry yiyumvisemo ko intambara ya nyayo iri hafi, atari imyitozo gusa.

Mu kwezi kwa Mutarama (1) mu 2022 yagerageje kuva mu gisirikare kirwanira mu kirere, ariko impapuro ze zibisaba ntizari bwemezwe ubwo Uburusiya bwateraga Ukraine ku itariki ya 24 y'ukwezi kwa Gashyantare (2) mu 2022.

Yoherejwe muri Belarus (Biélorussie) aho yatwaraga za kajugujugu zitwaye imizigo y'ibikoresho bya gisirikare.

Dmitry avuga ko atigeze na rimwe ajya muri Ukraine. Ntidushobora kugenzura icyo gice cy'inkuru ye ariko inyandiko ze zigaragara ko ari iz'umwimerere ndetse ibyo avuga bihuye n'ibyo twabwiwe n'abandi baduhaye amakuru.

Mu kwezi kwa Mata (4) mu 2022 yasubiye mu kigo cya gisirikare yakoreragamo cyo mu Burusiya aho yari yizeye gukomeza gahunda ye yo kuva mu gisirikare.

Cyari igikorwa kirekire ariko cyari kiri hafi kurangira – ariko mu kwezi kwa Nzeri (9) mu 2022 Perezida Vladimir Putin yatangaje igikorwa cyo gukangurira benshi kwinjira mu gisirikare. Yamenyeshejwe ko atazemererwa kuva mu gisirikare.

Yari abizi ko bitinde bitebuke azoherezwa muri Ukraine, nuko atangira gushaka uburyo bwo kubyirinda.

Agira ati: "Ndi umusirikare, inshingano yanjye ni ukurinda igihugu cyanjye ubushotoranyi. Ntabwo ngomba guhinduka umufatanyacyaha. Nta muntu n'umwe wadusobanuriye impamvu iyi ntambara yatangiye, impamvu twagombaga gutera Abanya-Ukraine no gusenya imijyi yabo".

Avuga ukuntu umwuka uri mu gisirikare ari uruvange. Avuga ko abasirikare bamwe bashyigikiye intambara, naho abandi bakaba batumva ibyayo na gato.Bacye cyane ni bo bemeza ko barimo kurwana ngo barinde Uburusiya ibyago bya nyabyo.

Bimaze igihe ari yo mvugo y'ubutegetsi – ko byabaye ngombwa ko Uburusiya bwiyambaza "igikorwa cya gisirikare cyihariye" mu kwirinda igitero ku Burusiya.

Dmitry Mishov avuga ko ikibazo cyo kutishima ndetse n'imishahara iri hasi kimaze kumenyerwa kandi ko gikomeye cyane.

Avuga ko abasirikare bafite uburambe mu kazi bo mu gisirikare kirwanira mu kirere bagihembwa umushahara nk'uwo muri kontaro ya mbere y'intambara, w'ama-roubles 90,000 (miliyoni 1,2Frw) ku kwezi.

Ibyo biba mu gihe abashya barimo kugira amashyushyu yo kwinjira mu gisirikare kubera umushahara w'ama-roubles 204,000 (miliyoni 2,8Frw), nkuko bikubiye mu itangazo rya leta risaba kwinjira mu gisirikare.

Dmitry avuga ko nubwo uko abasirikare b'Uburusiya babonamo Ukraine bishobora kuba bitandukanye, nta n'umwe mu gisirikare wizera amakuru atangazwa n'ubutegetsi bw'Uburusiya avuga ko ibintu birimo kugenda neza ku rugamba cyangwa ko umubare w'abishwe hamwe n'abakomeretse uri hasi.

Ati: "Mu gisirikare nta n'umwe wizera abategetsi. [Abasirikare] Bashobora kubona ibirimo kuba mu by'ukuri. [Bo] Ntabwo ari abasivile bari imbere ya televiziyo. Igisirikare nticyizera amakuru atangwa n'abategetsi, kubera ko nyine atari ukuri".

Avuga ko mu gihe mu minsi ya mbere y'intambara ubuyobozi bw'ingabo z'Uburusiya bwavugaga ko nta musirikare wishwe cyangwa wakomeretse cyangwa ngo habeho gutakaza ibikoresho, we ubwe yari azi bamwe mu bishwe.

Mbere y'intambara, umutwe wa gisirikare yari arimo wari ufite indege ziri hagati ya 40 na 50. Mu minsi micye ya nyuma yuko igitero cy'Uburusiya gitangiye, esheshatu zari zamaze guhanurwa naho izindi eshatu zisenyerwa ku butaka.

Ni gacye cyane abategetsi bo mu Burusiya batangaza abasirikare babo bishwe cyangwa bakomeretse. Mu kwezi kwa Nzeri mu 2022, Minisitiri w'ingabo Sergei Shoigu yavuze ko Uburusiya bwatakaje abasirikare bagera ku 6,000, umubare benshi mu basesenguzi, barimo n'abatangaza amakuru ya gisirikare ku mbuga za internet babogamiye ku Burusiya, bafashe ko ari igereranya riri munsi y'umubare nyakuri.

Mu makuru yo mu gihe cya vuba aha gishize yo mu mushinga w'ubushakashatsi bugenzura abasirikare b'Uburusiya biciwe mu ntambara yo muri Ukraine, umunyamakuru Olga Ivshina wo mu ishami rya BBC ritangaza mu Kirusiya yakoze urutonde rw'amazina 25,000 ndetse henshi ruriho n'amapeti y'abasirikare.

Umubare nyawo, harimo n'ababuriwe irengero bari ku rugamba, yemeza ko ari munini cyane kurushaho.

Dmitry avuga ko abishwe bo mu gisirikare kirwanira mu kirere ari benshi cyane. Ibyo bihuye n'ibiri mu iperereza Olga Ivshina amaze igihe akora, aho yasanze Uburusiya bwaratakaje abasirikare babarirwa mu magana bafite ubumenyi bwinshi cyane, barimo abapilote n'abakanika indege. Guha imyitozo abasirikare nk'abo bitwara igihe kirekire kandi bisaba amafaranga menshi.

Dmitry agira ati: "Ubu bashobora gusimbuza za kajugujugu, ariko nta bapilote bahagije bahari.

"Ibi tubigereranyije n'intambara yo muri Afghanistan yo mu myaka ya za 80 [1980], turabizi ko Ubumwe bw'Abasoviyeti bwahatakarije kajugujugu 333. Ndemeza ko twatakaje nk'izo mu mwaka umwe [muri Ukraine]".

Uko yatorotse

Muri Mutarama uyu mwaka, Dmitry yabwiwe ko agiye koherezwa "mu butumwa".

Nyuma yo kubona ko ibyo nta kindi byari bivuze kitari ukoherezwa muri Ukraine, yahisemo kugerageza kwiyahura. Yari yizeye ko ibyo byari gutuma asezererwa mu gisirikare ku mpamvu y'ubuzima butameze neza. Ariko si ko byagenze.

Ubwo yari arimo koroherwa ari mu bitaro, yasomye inkuru mu kinyamakuru ivuga ku wahoze ari umupolisi w'imyaka 27 wo mu karere ka Pskov, wari warashoboye guhungira muri Latvia (Lettonie). Dmitry yafashe icyemezo cyo gukurikiza urugero rwe.

Ati: "Ntabwo nari ndimo kwanga gukora mu gisirikare byo ubwabyo. Nakorera igihugu cyanjye kibaye cyugarijwe bya nyayo. Nari ndimo kwanga gusa kuba umufatanyacyaha.

"Iyo nza kuba naruriye muri kajugujugu, abantu bacye bashoboka nari kuba narishe ni ababarirwa muri za mirongo. Sinashakaga kubikora. Abanya-Ukraine si abanzi bacu".

Dmitry yashatse ubufasha kuri shene (channels) zo ku rubuga rwa Telegram bwo gucura umugambi wo kunyura mu nzira yo mu ishyamba ku mupaka n'umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'Uburayi (EU/UE). Yazinze utwangushye (yatwaye ibintu bicye bishoboka).

Avuga ko urugendo rwe anyura mu ishyamba rwari ruteye ubwoba bwinshi kuko yari afite ubwoba ko yashoboraga guhagarikwa n'abarinzi b'umupaka.

Ati: "Iyo baza kunta muri yombi, nashoboraga kujya muri gereza igihe kirekire".

Avuga ko hari ubwo umupilote w'indege y'intambara yahagurukiye ahantu hafi ye, nuko mu kandi kanya undi na we arahahagurukira. Yahiye ubwoba yibwiraga ko abo bari abarinzi b'umupaka bari baje kumuhiga, nuko atangira kwiruka.

Ati: "Sinashoboraga kubona aho nari ndimo nerekeza, ibitekerezo byanjye byari mu kajagari".

Yageze ku ruzitiro ruriho insinga ararwurira. Hashize akanya amenya ko yashoboye gutoroka.

"Amaherezo nashoboye guhumeka nisanzuye".

Dmitry abona ko abategetsi bo mu Burusiya bazatangiza urubanza nshinjacyaha kuri we. Ariko yizera ko abasirikare benshi mu bo bahoze bakorana bazumva icyamuteye gukora ibi.

Hari na bamwe muri bo bari baramugiriye inama yo kugerageza akihisha mu Burusiya, ariko atekereza ko no mu gihugu kinini cyane nk'Uburusiya byari kurangira afashwe agahanirwa gutoroka igisirikare.

Ntabwo azi ikizamubaho mu gihe kiri imbere.

Ariko Dmitry avuga ko yahisemo kugerageza akubaka ubuzima bushya muri EU aho kubaho abundabunda (yihishahisha) iwabo mu Burusiya.

Iyi nkuru yanononsowe na Kateryna Khinkulova.