Simple explanation on wetin di fight-fight for DR Congo dey all about?

Di mineral-rich east of di Democratic Republic of Congo don dey affected by conflict for more dan 30 years, since di 1994 Rwandan genocide.

Plenty armed groups don compete wit di central authorities to gain power and control of di potential fortune for dis vast nation.

Di instability affect neighbouring kontris well-well for di 1990s wen two huge conflicts, wey dem call Africa World Wars, lead to di death of millions of pipo.

Wetin dey happun for Goma?

Afta one rapid advance for di region, fighters from di M23 rebel group don take control of most part of Goma – one major city of more dan one million pipo for di east of DR Congo.

Goma, wey lie for di foot of one volcano near Lake Kivu, dey share border wit Rwanda.

Goma na di capital of mineral-rich North Kivu province - and na important trading and transport hub wey dey close to mining towns wey dey supply metals and minerals in high demand like gold, tin and coltan, wey be key component of mobile phones and batteries for electric vehicles.

Goma also na di base for di UN largest peacekeeping mission.

Di city don also become safe place for pipo wey dey run from di fight-fight between M23 fighters and di army wey start again for late 2021 – as di population don increase to around two million.

Di rebels tok say dem dey control di city, although reports dey say dem still dey face small-small resistance.

UN aid agencies don warn of major humanitarian crisis, as casualties don full hospitals and bodies lie down for streets.

Who be di M23?

Ethnic Tutsis na dem dey lead di M23. Dem say dem need arms to protect di minority group.

Di rebels tok say most of di previous deals to end di fighting no dey respected – Di group get dia name from one peace agreement wey dem sign on 23 March 2009.

Shortly afta dia creation for 2012, di M23 bin rapidly gain territory and seize Goma – actions wey receive international condemnations and accusations of war crimes and human rights violations.

Dem force dem to withdraw from Goma, and dem suffer series of heavy defeats for di hands of di Congolese army plus one UN force wey ensure say dem force dem comot di kontri.

M23 fighters later agreed join di army but wit promises say Tutsis go dey protected.

But for 2021, di group bin take up arms again, as dem say goment break and no honour di promises.

Rwanda get hand for di fight?

Neighbouring Rwanda in di past don consistently deny say dem dey support M23, but for 2012, UN experts bin accuse Rwanda of providing weapons, logistical support and say na dem even dey command di rebels.

DR Congo goment, di US and France, don also identify say Rwanda dey back di group.

Last year, one UN experts report tok say up to 4,000 Rwandan troops dey fight alongside di M23.

For inside one statement on Sunday, Rwanda no openly deny say dem dey back M23, but instead dem say di fighting wey dey near dia border na "serious threat" to dia "security and territorial integrity".

Rwanda add say pipo dey use di kontri as scapegoat as dem blame di recent fighting on di Congolese authorities, dem say di authorities don refuse to dialogue wit di M23.

One peace process, wey Angola facilitate wey involve Rwanda and DR Congo, bin result inside ceasefire deal last year, however e no last and di fighting start again.

Wetin be di connection wit Rwanda?

Dem fit partly trace di origin of di current fighting back to di genocide for Rwanda for 1994.

Ethnic Hutu extremists bin kill about 800,000 pipo –majority of dem from di Tutsi community.

Di genocide bin end wit di advance of one force of Tutsi-led rebels wey Paul Kagame, who be di president now bin command.

Fearing retaliations, an estimate of about one million Hutus bin run across di border to wetin now be DR Congo. Dis fuel ethnic tensions as one marginalised Tutsi group for di east – di Banyamulenge – bin feel increasingly under threat.

Rwanda army invade DR Congo two times, dem tok say dem dey go afta some of those wey dey responsible for di genocide. Dem work wit members of di Banyamulenge plus oda armed groups.

Afta 30 years of conflict, one of di Hutu groups, di Democratic Forces for di Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), wey include some of those wey dey responsible for di Rwandan genocide, still dey active for eastern DR Congo.

Rwanda describe di FDLR as "genocidal militia" and dem say dia continued existence for DR Congo east na threat to dia own territory.

Dem accuse di Congolese authorities of working wit di FDLR – accuse wey DR Congo deny.

Rwanda no go stay out of DR Congo unless dem dey very sure say FDLR no be threat to dia kontri again, or to di Tutsi communities for eastern DR Congo.

How far wit Congo mineral wealth?

DR Congo and multiple UN reports don accuse Rwanda say dem dey use di conflict as way to loot Congolese minerals, like gold and coltan. Dem dey use dis minerals to make batteries for electric vehicles and mobile phones.

In recent years, di M23 don seize several lucrative mining areas and one report by UN experts last December tok say, M23 dey send around 120 tonnes of coltan to Rwanda every four weeks.

Dem also note huge rise for Rwanda mineral exports in recent years, most of which dem believe come from DR Congo.

Rwanda consistently don deny allegations say dem dey exploit DR Congo minerals.

Wetin di UN peacekeepers dey do?

One UN peacekeeping mission don dey in place since 1999. Di current force – known as Monusco – dey made up of more dan 10,000 troops.

However, out of these, na only di Force Intervention Brigade dey allowed to carry out offensive operations against armed groups. Na dis force help defeat M23 for 2013.

Monusco don become di target of anger from ordinary Congolese wey dey see dem as say dem dey fail for dia job.

President Félix Tshisekedi, wey reason di mission as a failure, bin ask dem to leave by di end of last year.

But dem no go for December and dem extend di mission for anoda one year.

Di Southern African Development Community (Sadc), one regional grouping of 16 kontris don also send one military force to eastern DR Congo, but dem still no fit stop di rebels.

South Africa tok say 13 of dia sojas don die for di clashes wit rebels as dem dey try stop di advance on Goma. Three Malawian sojas also don die.

UN tok say Uruguay also lost one of dia sojas wey be part of di Monusco force.

DR Congo president promise 'vigorous' fight to stop M23 rebel advance

Congolese President Félix Tshisekedi don vow to restore goment authority for di east, where Rwanda-backed M23 rebels don seize most part of di city of Goma and dey reportedly advance south to seize more territory.

For one televised address to di nation, e say "vigorous and coordinated response" against wetin e call "terrorists" dey under way.

E condemn di international community for "inaction" and say dem no do enough in di wake of di escalating security crisis.

Di weeks-long offensive by di rebels don prompt warnings of a looming humanitarian crisis and growing international pressure to end di crisis.

During Wednesday night address, Tshisekedi bin ask all Congolese to join together and support di army fight to retake control.

"Be sure of one thing: di Democratic Republic of Congo no go allow itself to dey humiliated or crushed. We go fight and we go win," e tok.

Di fighting don force about 500,000 pipo to run comot dia homes, and e don worsen di already serious humanitarian crisis for di kontri, according to di UN.

Since di fighting start, electricity no dey di city again, water and food also dey very scarce.

One East African regional bloc virtual summit on Wednesday evening wey Kenya President William Ruto, organise, wey Tshisekedi snub, bin call for a "peaceful settlement of di conflicts".

Rwanda Paul Kagame, and leaders of oda member kontris Burundi, South Sudan, Tanzania and Somalia attend di summit.

Di heads of state "strongly urge di goment of DR Congo to directly engage wit all stakeholders, including di M23 plus oda armed groups wey get grievances".

Tshisekedi don refuse to tok directly to di M23 – e insist say na only Rwanda e wan follow tok.