Somaliya: 'Har yanzu muna bukatar Amurka domin tsaron lafiyarmu'

Tashin hankali na sake tsanani a Somaliya, a wannan lokacin da tsarin siyasar ƙasar mai rauni ke karan-batta da shirye-shiryen zabukan da ke tafe, akwai batun soma janye dakarunta da Amurka ke yi a wurare masu muhimmanci da kuma damuwar da ake nunawa kan sake ɓullar sabbin ƙungiyoyin jihadi a ƙasar.

Jami'an diflomasiya da masu sa ido sun yi gargadi cewa kasar - wadda ta shafe shekaru 30 babu tsarin gwamnati da taɓarɓarewar lamaru - yanzu haka ta sake daukar hanyar komawa gidan jiya, ƙoƙari da ci gaban da ake samu na sake gina ƙasar na shirin rugujewa.

"Somaliya ta shiga mataki mai muhimmaci," kamar yada wakilin sakataren Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya Jawes Swann ya shaida wa BBC, yana mai gargaɗin cewa "halaye da bijiro da tsarin da ake ganin a ketare" da shugabannin ƙasar da yankunan ke aikatawa - yayin da suke tafka muhawara kan jinkirta zabukan ƴan majalisa - na iya haifar da rikici.

Ƙungiyoyi da hukumomi masu karfi - ciki har da Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da Tarayyar Turai da wakilan wanzar da zaman lafiya na Tarayyar Afrika - sun aike da sakon gargadi ga ƴan siyasar Somalia wanda ya bukaci sulhu. "Duk wani yunkuri ko barazanar amfani da salon rikici ba abu ne da za a lamunta ba," a cewar sanarwarsu.

A shekarar da ta gabata Somaliya ta so gudanar da zaɓe wanda mutum guda ke da damar kaɗa kuri'a sau guda - wanda zai kasance tarihi a ƙasar da ta jima a tagayyare.

Sai dai tawagar haɗaka ta jam'iyyun adawa na ƙaurace wa hakan kan damuwar da suka nuna ta maguɗi, yanzu haka ana ƙoƙarin ganin ko za a cimma daidaito, kuma shugaban ƙasar, Mohamed Abdullahi "Farmaajo" ya kasance wanda wasu ke zargi da cusa manufofin a zukatan shugabannin yankunan ƙasar.

"Yana iya kasance yanayi mai muni idan aka gagara sauya wannan fahimtar a wannan sabon zaɓen. Kowa ya san cewa dimokradiyarmu na cikin haɗari, kuma akwai bukatar mu shawo kan hakan, " a cewar tsohon mai bai wa shugaba Farmaajo shawara kan lamuran tsaro, Hussein Sheikh Ali.

Wani abu da ke sake ɗaga hankula a Mogadishu - birnin da rikicin bangarorin hamayya ya ɗaiɗaita - shi ne batun mayakan al-Shabab da a kullum ke sake zama barazana.

Mayakan jihadin sun janye daga birnin, an kakkaɓe su daga yankunan Somali da dama, da taimakon dakarun Tarayyar Afirka, sai dai har yanzu suna iko da wasu yankunan masu yawa a garuruwan da ke waje.

Ƙungiyar na kuma muggan ayyuka da ke nakasu ga gwamnati a ciki Mogadishu, da ke shafar haraji da wasu sana'o'in, tsarin kotunan shari'ar musulunci da kai muggan hare-hare da kunar bakin-wake kan otel-otel da ofisoshin gwamnati.

"Al-Shabab na sanyawa kowa haraji, kai tsaye ko a fakaice, ciki har da shugaban ƙasa - hatta abinci da yake ci akwai harajinsu a kai, " a cewar tsohon mai bai wa Mr Farmaajo shawara a zantawarsa da BBC.

"Suna sake karfi a cikin shekaru hudu da suka wuce. Mutane da dama na raina karfi al-Shabab da ake yi wa kallo mafia. Amma zance na gaskiya suna da tsari mai ƙarfi da yanayin tafiyar da ayyuka da hangen nesa da zummar mamaye ƙasar."

Mutane 15 aka kashe a watan Agustan bara lokacin da al-Shabab ta kai hari kan wani fitaccen otel din Elite da ake shaƙatawa a bakin teku, a Mogadishu. Mai Otel din ya zargi cewa watakil an kai masa hari ne saboda ƙin bai wa mayakan kuɗi.

"Kamar fansa ne. Sun san cewa ba za mu biya ko sisi ga al-Shabab ba," a cewar Abdullahi Nor, wanda ya hanzarta gyara ginin sanna ya ci gaba da gudanar da kasuwancinsa.

"Ko bayan abin da ya faru, za mu ci gaba da bijire musu da kare kan mu," a cewarsa.

Amma Mr Nor, kamar sauran kwastamomin mu da iyalansa na shakatawa da tekun Lido da wani yammaci haka, suna nuna matukar damuwarsu kan sabon cigaba da ake gani - janyewar dakarun Amurka daga Somaliya, bisa umarnin Shugaba Donald Trump.

"Akwai damuwa sosai a gare mu," a cewar mai otel din. "Muna bukatar Amurka, musamman kan batun tsaro."

Jami'an diflomasiyyar ƙasashen yamma a Mogadishu na bayyana illar shawarar da Amurka ta yanke ta janye dakarunta daga Somaliya. Ana tunanin sojoji Amurka kusan 700 za a janye daga ƙasar.

"Da kansu sun bayyana cewa wannan ba sauyi ba ne na tsare-tsare kawai dai sauyi ne na ayyukan soji. Ina ganin Amurka ta alkawarta bai wa Somaliya tsaro na tsawon lokaci," Kalaman jakadan Birtaniya a ƙasar, Ben Folder kenan.

Sai dai tsohon jakadan Amurka a Somaliya, Stephen Schwartz, ya yi alla-wadai da wannan mataki da yake cewa zai sake buɗe ƙofa da ƙara ƙarfi ga al-Shabab."

Duk da cewa ana ganin hare-haren da Amurka ke kai wa da jirage marasa matuka kan al-Shabab za su ci gaba - a wani bangare ana wannan fargabar ne kan dakarun Somaliya da ake ganin za su daina samun horon sojojin Amurka.

"In da a ce hare-haren Amurka da dakaru na musamman na mummunarilla ga al-Shabab da ayyukansu bai kai wannan matsayin ba," a cewar Mr Ali.

"Ko kuma su sake samun wata mafakar. Da hakan ya yi tasiri sosai a kokarin Somaliya na murkushe su", a cewarsa.

Wannan tashin hankalin a cikin gwamnatin Somalia na fuskantar barazanar ingizanci da karuwar zagon-kasa wasu ƙasashen na karuwa a yankin, da karuwar rashin zaman lafiya a Ethiopia da yankunan Gulf, da sojojin wasu ƙasashen Afirka biyar da masu bayar da shawara daga wasu kasashen, da yanzu ke ayyukansu a Somalia.

Babban cigaba a Somaliya

"Matsalar ita ce har yanzu ba a shawo kan matsalolin rikicin Somaliya ba. Akwai mabambanta ra'ayi kan irin ƙasar da take neman kasancewa. Bambance-bambance da ake ganin a cikin Somaliya na sake faɗaɗa da girma, wasu lokutan ma har a tsakanin abokan hulda daga ketare," a cewar ambasada Fender.

Babu shaka ana kuma iya cewa Somalia ta samu gagarumin ci gaba a wasu yankunanta a cikin shekarun da suka wuce.

Kasar ta samu ci gaba a fannin samun kuɗaɗɗen shiga, matasan ƙasar da ƴan ƙasar mazauna ƙetare na ayyukan taimako a ƙungiyoyin farar hula, Mogadishu ita kan tana sauyawa cikin gaggawa, kuma idan ƴan siyasa na iya jure mulkin da ake gani a yanzu zai gudanar da zaɓe a wannan shekarar, hakan zai kasance wani ci gaba a fannin zaman lafiya karo na uku a cikin kasa da shekaru 10.

Sai dai wannan ci gaban ya dogara ne kan rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya ta Tarayyar Afirka, Amisom, wadda ta kunshi dakaru 20,000 da ke kare gwamnati da kuma jan ragama wajen yaki da al-Shabab a tsawon shekaru.

Wasu labarai masu alaka da Somaliya

Masu sukar rundunar na ganin har yanzu akwai gazawa wajen ɗaukar matakan kakkabe mayakan baki ɗaya.

Sai dai manyan jami'an Amisom sun ce ƙoƙarin da suke na samun haɗin kai daga dakarun Somaliya domin kaddamar da harin kakkabe al-Shabab baki ɗaya na fuskantar gazawa.

Abu na ƙarshe kan kare kai

"Ba mu yi aikinmu ba. Wannan zahiri ne," a cewar Mr Ali a ƙoƙarin sake gina dakarun Somaliya. "Amma ayyukan Amisom basu wadatar ba."

Shekara 10 da suka wuce, lokacin da al-Shabab ke rike da sama da rabin yankin Mogadishu da adabbar sauran manyan biranen ƙasar, an yarda cewa mayakan za su ɗaiɗaita birnin ƙasar a cikin sa'a guda idan Amisom ta janye dakarunta.

A yau, a cewar wani babban jami'in tsaro wanda ya bukaci a sakaya sunansa, a cikin "sa'a 12" al-Shabab na iya kwace ikon Mogadishu da wasu manyan garuruwa da zarar Amisom ta janye ko fice daga ƙasar.