Shugabannin Larabawa shida da aka hamɓarar bayan sun yi ƙaurin suna

Bashar al-Assad ya shiga jerin fitattun shugabannin Larabawa waɗanda aka hamɓarar bayan sun yi zamani da mulki wanda ya yi ƙaurin suna.

Mafi yawancinsu ko dai sanadiyyar yaƙe-yaƙe ko gwagwarmaya ko kuma mulkin kama-karya.

Har zuwa kusan ƙarshen shekarar 2010, da dama daga cikin irin waɗannan shugabanni na Larabawa da suka ƙunshi sarakuna da shugabannin ƙasa na soji ba su taɓa zaton za su faɗa tsaka mai wuyar da za ta hamɓarar da gwamnatocinsu ba.

Amma a cikin watannin da suka biyo baya, ƙasashen Larabawa a Gabas ta Tsakiya da kuma arewacin Afirka sun girgiza da guguwar sauyi da ta tumɓuke shugabannin da a baya ake ganin ba su taɓuwa.

Wannan salo ya ci gaba da gangarowa har zuwa kan shugaba na baya bayan nan da guguwar sauyi ta kawar, shugaban Syria Bashar al-Assad.

BBC ta yi nazari kan shugabannin da aka hamɓarar da gwamnatinsu a ƙasashen Larabawa bayan sun gawurta.

Saddam Hussain (Iraqi, 2003)

Tsohon shugaban Iraqi Saddam Hussain shi ne shugaban ƙasashen Larabawa na farko da ya shahara wajen mulkin kama karya, wanda kuma aka hamɓarar da gwamnatinsa yana kan ganiya.

Bayan harin ƙungiyar al-Qaeda kan Cibiyar Kauwanci ta Duniya da ke birnin New York da kuma shelkwatar tsaro ta Pentagon a birnin Washington DC a ranar 11 ga watan Satumban 2001, gwamnatin shugaban Amurka na wancan lokacin George Bush ta soma shirin mamayar Iraqi.

Shugaba Bush ya yi iƙirarin cewa Saddam Husseini na ci gaba da sarrafawa da kuma mallakar makaman ƙare dangi, kuma Iraqi na cikin ƙasashen da ta ayyana masu mummunar aƙida tare da Iran da kuma Koriya Ta Arewa.

A watan Oktoban 2002, Majalisar Dokokin Amurka ta amince da amfani da ƙarfin soji kan Iraqi.

A safiyar ranar 20 ga watan Maris ɗin 2003, sojojin Amurka 295,000 tare da sojojin ƙawance suka ƙaddamar da mamaya kan Iraqi ta iyakar ƙasar Kuwait.

A watan Mayu kuma, aka ci galabar sojojin Iraqi tare da hamɓarar da gwamnatin ƙasar, daga baya kuma aka cafke Saddam Husseini da gabatar da shi gaban kotu da kuma zartar da hukuncin kisa a kansa.

Bayan shafe shekara 25 yana mulki, an zartar da hukuncin kisa kan Saddam ne a ranar 30 ga watan Disamban 2006, bayan wata kotu ta musamman a Iraqi ta ce ta same shi da laifukan take hakkin bil'adama da kuma kisan kiyashi a garin Dujail.

Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali (Tunisia, 2011)

Tsohon shugaban Tunisia, Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali shi ne shugaban ƙasashen Larabawa na farko da guguwar sauyi ta hamɓarar da gwamnatinsa.

Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali wanda ya shafe shekara 23 yana mulkin Tunisia ya tsere da iyalinsa zuwa Saudiyya a watan Janairu 2011bayan zanga zangar ƙin jinin gwamnatinsa da aka shafe wata ɗaya ana yi, wadda kuma ta ruruta wutar guguwar sauyi a ƙasashen Larabawa.

Masu zanga zangar dai sun zargi gwamnatinsa da gazawa wajen samar da ayyukan yi ga ɗimbin jama'ar ƙasar, musamman matasa da kuma zargin jami'an gwamnatin da tafka rashawa.

Zanga-zangar ta ɓarke ne bayan wani matashin ƙasar ya cinnawa kansa wuta a bisa cin zarafin da ƴansanda suka yi masa, a ranar 17 ga watan Disamban 2010.

Mohamed Bouazizi ya mutu a ranar 4 ga watan Janairun 2011, amma cinna wa kansa wuta da yi yi ta yaɗu a kafafen sada zumunta, lamarin da ya tunzura jama'a suka fara boren da ya hamɓarar da Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.

Hosni Mubarak (Masar, 2011)

Hosni Mubarak ya shafe shekara 30 yana mulkin Masar kafin fara bore na ƙasashen Larabawa.

Canjin gwamnati da aka samu a Tunisia ce ta tunzura wadda ta kawar da Mubarak a Masar

Mr Mubarak ya yi murabus bayan shafe makonni ana zanga-zangar ƙin jinin gwamnatinsa, wadda aka fara a ranar 25 ga watan Janairu a dandalin Tahrir na birnin Alkhahira.

Masu zanga zangar sun zargi gwamnatinsa da gazawa wajen magance matsalar rashin aikin yi da ƙaruwar talauci da kuma yawaitar rashawa.

Ali Abdullah Saleh (Yemen, 2011)

Bayan shafe watanni ana zanga-zangar da ta kawar da gwamnatoci a ƙasashen Larabawa, guguwar ta isa Yemen, inda bayan watanni ana jayayya da turjiya tsakanin jama'a da gwamnati, shugaba Ali Abdullah Sale ya amince da sauka daga mulki.

Ali Abdullah Sale ya amince ya miƙa mulki ga mataimakinsa, Abd-Rabbu Mansour Hadi ne bayan ƙazamar zanga-zanga da ta kai ga ƙaddamar da harin bam a fadar shugaban ƙasa.

Ya sauka daga mulki ne a ranar 23 ga watan Nuwamban 2011, bayan fama da jinya daga raunin da ya samu lokacin harin bam da aka kai fadarsa, da kuma matsin lamba daga ciki da wajen ƙasar.

Muammar Gaddafi (Libya, 2011)

Guguwar sauyin ta isa Libya, inda ta hamɓarar da gwamnatin shugabanta da ya fi kowanne daɗewa a kan mulki, Muammar Gaddafi, bayan ya riƙe ƙasar na tsawon shekara 42.

Muammar Gaddafi, shi ne shugaba na farko da aka kashe tun bayan kaɗawar guguwar kifar da gwamnatin a ƙasashen Larabawa.

Muammar Gaddafi ya hau mulki ne a watan Satumban 1969 bayan wani juyin mulki cikin ruwan sanyi, inda ya hamɓarar da Sarki Idris, wanda ke samun goyon bayan Birtaniya.

Ya hau mulki yana da shekara 27 a duniya, inda ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da yake wa kallon abin koyi shi ne Gamal Abdul Nasser na Masar.

A tsawon zamaninsa yana mulki, an zargi Gaddafi da goyon bayan ƴan tawaye a wasu ƙasashen duniya, kuma ɗaya daga cikin abin da ya yi ƙaurin suna a kai shi ne zargin shi da hannu a tarwatsa jirgin sama na Pan Am a sararin samaniyar Lockerbie da ke Scotland a watan Disamban 1988.

Harin ya kashe ɗaukacin fasinjoji 259 da ke cikin jirgin, kuma 190 daga cikinsu Amurkawa ne.

Zanga-zangar ƙin jinin gwamnatinsa ta rikiɗe zuwa yaƙin basasa, inda dakarun gwamnati da na ƴan tawaye suka shafe watanni takwas suna fafatawa.

A ranar 20 ga watan Oktoban 2011 mayaƙan NTC suka sanar da kisan Gaddafi, wanda suka ce an kashe a mahaifarsa, Sirte.

An kashe shi yana da shekara 69 a duniya.

Sai dai wasu na masa kallon mutumin da ya yi ƙoƙarin haɗe kan nahiyar Afirka, kuma ya sha nuna adawa da yanayin tafiyar da harkokin duniya, bisa zargin cewa ana yin rashin adalci kan ƙasashe masu rauni.

A taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na shekara ta 2009, Gaddafi ya yi jawabi na tsawon sama da awa ɗaya, lamarin da ya saɓa wa ƙa'ida. Inda ya soki tsarin kujeran na-ƙi na manyan ƙasashe biyar a Majalisar tare da buƙatar a soke tsarin. Sannan yi kakkausar suka kan matakin Amurka na samame a Iraqi.

Bashar al-Assad (Syria, 2024)

Shugaba na baya-bayan nan da aka hamɓarar da gwamnatinsa shi ne Bashar al-Assad, bayan ƙungiyar ƴan tawayen HTS ta jagoranci wani bore kan gwamnatinsa a ranar Lahadi, 8 ga watan Disamban 2024.

Zuri'ar Assad ta yi mulkin kama-karya na tsawon shekara 53 a Syria.

Shugaba Bashar al-Assad ya karɓi ragamar mulki ne a 2000, bayan mahaifinsa ya yi mulkin aƙalla shekara 30.

Shekara 13 da suka wuce ya yi amfani da ƙarfi wajen murƙushe masu zanga-zangar lumana, lamarin da ya rikiɗe zuwa yaƙin basasa da ya ɗaiɗaita ƙasar. An kashe mutane fiye da rabin miliyan, kuma an tilasta wa wasu miliyan 12 barin muhallansu.

Amma a ranar Larabar makon da ya gabata, wata ƙungiya mai rajin addinin Islama, Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) ta yi nasarar ƙaddamar da hari mai muni a arewa maso yammacin ƙasar, bayan ta yi haɗin gwiwa da wasu ƙungiyoyin tawaye.

Ƴan tawayen sun ƙwace birni na biyu mafi girma a Syria, Aleppo, sannan suka danna kudanci zuwa babban birnin ƙasar Damascus, suka kuma fi ƙarfin dakarun Syria.

Daga baya dai Rasha ta sanar da cewa Assad da iyalansa suna zaman mafakar siyasa a Moscow.