Hanyoyi biyar da zaɓen Ghana ya yi kamanceceniya da na Amurka

A yau ne al'ummar Ghana ke kaɗa ƙuri'unsu domin zaɓen sabon shugaban ƙasar.

Zaɓen na zuwa ne wata guda bayan zaɓen shugaban ƙasar Amurka da aka gudanar a farkon watan Nuwamba.

Mutum miliyan 18 ne dai suka yi rajistar zaɓen na bana a Ghana.

Ana ganin takarar za ta fi zafi tsakanin Mataimakin Shugaban Ƙasa Mahamudu Bawumia na jam'iyyar NPP, da kuma tsohon Shugaban Ƙasar John Dramani Mahma na jam'iyyar NDC.

Zaɓen na Ghana na ƙunshe da wasu abubuwa da ake ganin sun yi kamanceceniya da na zaɓen shugaban ƙasar Amurka, ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen da dimokuraɗiyya ta samu gindin zama a duniya.

A wannan maƙala mun yi ƙokarin duba wasu abubuwar biyar da suka sa zaɓen Ghana na bana ya yi kama da zaɓen Amurka na 2024, wanda Donald Trump na jam'iyyar Republican ya yi nasara.

Zaɓen wuri (Early Voting)

Zaɓen wuri shi ne bai wa masu zaɓe da ke da ayyuka na musamman damar kaɗa ƙuri'insu tun kafin zawan ranar da aka ware domin zaɓen.

Wannan wani tsari ne da hukumar zaɓen Ghana ta ɓullo da shi a zaɓen na bana, inda aka gudanar da shi ranar Litinin, 2 ga watan Disamba.

Zaɓen wuri fitaccen al'amari ne a tsarin zaɓen Amurka, inda ake bai wa masu muhimman ayyuka - kamar jami'an tsaro da likitoci da 'yanjarida - damar kaɗa ƙuri'un tun kafin zuwan ranar zaɓe.

Tsohon shugaban ƙasa da mataimakin shugaban ƙasa

Wani abu da ya ƙara fito da kamanceceniyar da ke tsakanin zaɓen Ghana da na Amurka shi ne yadda fafatawar ta fi zafi tsakanin tsohon shugaban ƙasar na jam'iyyar NDC mai hamayya, da kuma mataimakin shugaban ƙasa mai-ci na jam'iyyar NPP mai mulki.

Idan ba a manta ba, haka zaɓen shugaban ƙasar Amurka na bana ya gudana, inda aka fatata tsakanin tsohon Shugaban Ƙasa Donald Trump na Republican mai hamayya, da kuma Mataimakiyar Shugaban Ƙasar Kamala Harris ta Democrats mai mulki.

Jihohi marasa tabbas (Swings States)

A tsarin zaɓen shugaban Amurka, akwai jihohin da koyaushe ke zaɓar jam'iyyar Republican ko Democrat, sannan kuma akwai jihohi bakwai marasa tabbas da ke iya sauya sakamakon zaɓen waɗanda ake yi wa laƙabi da "Swing States".

Haka ma a zaɓen Ghana akwai wannan tsari, inda ake da jihohi uku marasa tabbas, da ke iya sauya sakamakon zaɓen ƙasar Ghana.

Ƙasar Ghana na da jihohi 16, kuma bisa al'ada akwai jihohin da koyaushe NPP suke zaɓa, haka ma akwai jihohin da kullum NDC suke zaɓe.

Jihohin uku marasa tabbas su ne Greater Accra, da Central Region, da kuma jihar Western Region.

Waɗannan jihohin uku a bana suna da kashi 35 cikin 100 na wadanda suka yi rajistar zaɓe a faɗin ƙasar. Kuma saboda yawan masu zaɓe da suke da su, ana ganin za su yi tasirin gaske wajen lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙasar.

Kankankan a majalisar dokoki

Bugu da ƙari, manyan jam'iyyun ƙasashen biyu na kankankan a yawan kujerun majalisar dokoki kafin kaɗa ƙuri'a.

A lokacin da zaɓen Amurka ya gabato, jam'iyyar Republican na kan gaba da 'yar ƙaramar tazara a majalisar wakilan ƙasar, yayin da Democrat ke da rinjaye da ƙaramar tazara a majalisar dattawa.

Haka ma abin yake a ƙasar Ghana. Yanzu haka NPP da NDC na kunnen doki ne a yawan kujerun majalisar.

Daga cikin jimillar kujerun majalisar 275, NPP mai mulki na da 137, yayin da ita ma NDC mai hamayya ke da 137, sai kuma kujera guda ta ɗan takarar indifenda - mai zaman kansa.

Gudanar da zaɓe bayan shekara huɗu

Ana gudanar da zaɓen shugaban ƙasa a duka ƙasashen biyu (Amurka da Ghana) bayan shekara hurhuɗu, kuma shugaban ƙasa na da damar tsawaita mulkinsa zuwa wa'adi na biyu idan aka sake zaɓarsa.

Sannan duka ƙasashen biyu na gudanar da zaɓukan shugaban ƙasar ne haɗe da na 'yan majalisar dokokin ƙasar.

Kazalika, tsarin mulkin ƙasashen ya sharɗanta dole ne shugaban ƙasa ya sauka daga mulki idan ya yi wa'adi biyu.