Wane irin cigaba mata ke samu a Saudiyya?

A duk lokacin da mata suka samu cigaba a Saudiyya, hakan kan ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai daga ko'ina a duniya.

Ana dai yi wa ƙasar kallon mai ra'ayin riƙau game da abin da ya shafi 'yancin mata.

Saɓanin haka a 'yan shekarun nan Saudiyya ta soma cire takunkuman da suka shafi tufafin da mata kan sanya, da batun wariyar jinsi da bai wa mata damar tuƙa mota, abin da ake yi wa kallon wani gagarumin sauyi.

An kuma yi gyaran fuska ga dokar da ta hana wa mata fita ba tare da muharrami ba.

Ga shi kuma a yanzu ana damawa da mata da dama a ɓangarorin bunƙasa tattalin arziki fiye da yadda ake samu a wasu ƙasashen da ke iƙirarin bai wa mata 'yanci, musamman ma yadda aka fara damawa da su a sha'anin shugabanci.

A yanzu haka akwai mata da yawa da ke aiki a sassa daban-daban a Saudiyya a a wuraren da suka shafi kula da iyakokin ƙasa da yawon shaƙatawa da sauransu.

Me rahoton IMF ke cewa?

A ranar Laraba 6 ga watan Satumba ne Asusun Bayar da Lamuni na Duniya, IMF, ya fitar da wani rahoto game da abin da ya shafi Saudiyya.

Rahoton ya bayyana abubuwa masu muhimmanci game da mata a ƙasar.

A cewar asusun, mata sun mamaye kashi 36 cikin ɗari na guraben aikin gwamnati a Saudiyya.

Daga cikin manufofinsa na kai ƙasar bisa wani mataki nan da shekara ta 2030 da aka yi wa take 'Vision 2030', Yariman Saudiyya, Mohammed bin Salman, ya sha alwashin tabbatar da ya ƙara yawan mata masu aiki a ƙasar da kashi 30 cikin ɗari.

Tun a 2022 aka cimma wannan ƙuduri.

Gomman shekaru da suka gabata, Saudiyya na cikin jerin ƙasashen duniya masu ƙarancin mata ma'aikata.

A shekarar 2018 kimanin kashi 19.7 cikin dari ne kawai mata masu aikin gwamnati.

A yanzu yariman na Saudiyya na son ganin ƙasarsa ta zama abar misali a duniya domin cimma wannan ƙuduri na 'Vision 2030'.

Yana kuma muradin ganin Saudiyya ta rage dogaro ga kuɗaɗen da take samu daga man fetur.

An samar da sauye-sauye da yawa a ƙarƙashin wannan tsari.

A cewar rahoton na IMF, ana ma ganin wannan ne musabbabin samun ƙaruwar mata a wuraren aiki.

Banbancin da matan da suka koma ƙasar suka gani

Fatima Almatami, wata ƴar asalin Saudiyya ce da ta shafe shekara 14 tana rayuwa a ƙasar Austireliya.

Ta yi digiri na farko da na biyu da ma digirin-digirgir a Jami'ar Queensland.

A wata hira da ta yi da kafar yaɗa labaran Austireliya, ABC News, ta ce takan ziyarci Saudiyya sau ɗaya a duk shekara a lokutan hutu kuma ta lura da irin sauyin da mata ke samu a ƙasar.

Fatima ta koma Saudiyya a watan Yulin bara. A yanzu dai tana zaune a birnin Riyadh.

Fatima na shirin taimaka wa mata matasa a ƙasar wajen koyon aiki da na'ura mai ƙwaƙwalwa a Saudiyya."

Tashar ABC ta ruwaito Fatima na cewa a yanzu mata matasa na koyon ilimin na'urar kwamfuta fiye da a baya.

"Saboda wariyar da ake nuna musu, mata a Saudiyya ba su da damar aiki tare da maza.

Suna fama a fannonin koyon kiwon lafiya, kuma ga shi maza da mata sun yi aiki a wannan ɓangare, ke nan mata sai sun yi da gaske idan suna son cimma wannan dama.

Saboda ana ganin wani abu ne maras kyau mata su yi aiki a waɗannan wurare".

Ta shaida wa ABC cewa, "Wannan ba wai tafiya da mata ne kawai ba har ma da bai wa kowa ne jinsi damarmaki iri ɗaya a ɓangarori daban-daban.

Sanya mata ya kawo gagarumin canji a ƙasar. 'Akwai sauye-sauye da yawa da mata suka samu a fannnin da suka shafi siyasa da yawon bude ido da wasanni da sauransu," in ji ta.

Ƙaruwar mata masu aiki

A farkon rubu'in shekarar bara, adadin mata masu aikin gwamnati a Saudiyya ya ƙaru da kashi 30.4 cikin ɗari, kamar yadda hukumar ƙiddidigar ƙasar ta bayyana a cikin wani rahotonta.

A shekarar 2021 kashi 27.6 ne kawai ake da. Waɗannan alkaluma sun nuna irin yadda ake samun ƙaruwar mata da ke bayar da gudummuwa, abin da ya haifar da bunƙasar fannin tattalin arzikin Saudiyya cikin sauri.

Ana samun mata da yawa da ke samun aiki a otal-otal da wuraren sayar da abinci inda yawansu har ya kai kashi 40 cikin ɗari.

Baya ga wannan ma ana ci gaba da bai wa mata damar aiki a wuraren gyaran jiki da shagunan ɗinki.

Lokacin da yarima mai jiran gadon Saudiya, Mohammed bin Salman, ya ƙaddamar da ƙudurin 'Vision 2030' a shekarar 2016 sai abubuwa suka soma sauyawa da sauri ga su matan.

Galibi mata a Saudiyya na aiki ne a ma'aikatu masu zaman kansu. Wani matakin cimma manyan muƙaman gwamnati.

A watan Yulin wannan shekarar kimanin mata biyu aka naɗa a manyan muƙaman gwamnati a ƙasar, ta farkon ita ce gimbiya Haifa bint Mohammed Al Saud wadda aka bai wa muƙamin mataimakiyar ministan harkokin yawon buɗe ido.

Sai kuma Shihana Alajaj wadda ta zama mataimakiyar babban sakataren hukumar.

Haka ma an tanadar wa mata gurabai a majalisar Shura ta ƙasar. Ya zama wajibi ce a cikin kujeru 150 da ake da su a samu 30 mata ne.

"Sakamakon hakan kuwa sai aka naɗa kimanin mata 30 a majalaisar Shura ta Saudiya tun a shekarar 2013", in ji Issam Abuslaiman, wata daraktar da ke lura da Majalisar Haɗin Kan Ƙasashen Yankin Gulf, kamar yadda ta bayyana a wani rahoton Bankin Duniya.

A shekarar 2015 kimanin mata 17 aka naɗa manyan kujerun majalisar.

Muna iya ganin yawan adadin mata da ke riƙe muƙaman manajoji a sassan da a baya maza ne suka mamaye su.

A bana ma Sarkin Saudiyya, Salman ya naɗa sabbin jakadu zuwa ƙasashe 11, inda biyu daga cikinsu mata ne.

A shekarar 2019, a karon farko ya naɗa mace a matsayin jakada. Bayan haka ne aka ci gaba da samun sauye-sauye inda tuni aka zaɓi mata biyar aka ba su wannan muƙami.

A watan Janairun 2023, hukumar da ke lura da layin dogo ta Saudiyya ta fitar da wani bidiyo tana mai sanarwar cewa mata ba za su ci gaba da tuƙa jirgin ƙasa mai tsananin gudu ba a ƙasar.

Ta ce kimanin mata 32 ke kan samun horo a fannin.

Sauye-sauyen da ake samu

A shekarar 2019 Reema bint Bandar ta zama jakada mace ta farko daga Saudiyya.

Yarima mai jiran gado Mohammed bin Salma ya naɗa ta jakadar ƙasar a Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya.

A shekarar 2020 an naɗa Amal Al-Moalimi jakada zuwa ƙasar Norway, ta taɓa zama babbar manajar wata hukumar ƙasa da ƙasa mai alaƙa da Hukumar Kare Hakkin Ɗan'Adam a Saudiyya.

Inas Al Shawan ta soma aikinta a matsayin jakada a ƙasar Sweden da Iceland tun a watan Afirilun 2021. Ta zama mace ta uku da aka naɗa matsayin jakadiya a shekara ta 2023 a ƙasar.

Ita ma Haifa Zetia ɗaya ce daga cikin sabbin jakadu da aka nada a watan Janairun 2023 Ita kuma Haifa, Saudiyya ta ɗora mata alhakin wakiltar ta a manufofinta a Hukumar Ƙasashen Turai da Hukumar Kula da Makamashi ta Turai.

Har wa yau dai, watan Janairun 2023 Nisreen bint Hamad Al-Shibel, wadda ita ce jakadiyar Saudiyya a ƙasar Finland, ta ɗauki rantsuwar kama aikin a gaban Sarki Salman bin Abdulaziz.