Abin da ya sa kasashen Afirka ke rububin sayen jirage marassa matuki na Turkiyya

Sayen jirage marasa matuki na kasar Turkiyya mai suna Bayraktar na ci gaba da karuwa tsakanin kasashen Afirka don yaki da kungiyoyin ‘yan bindiga bayan da aka ga tasirin jiragen a rikice-rikice daban-daban a fadin duniya, a cewar wani masani Paul Melly.

A daidai lokacin da Ukarine ke kokarin kare kanta bayan mamayar da kasar Rasha ta yi mata, lokaci kuma mai tsawo kafin manyan makamai masu harbi nesa na kasashen yamma su fara isowa, gwamnatin Kyiv tana shirin kawo jirgin maras matuki na Turkiyyan.

Tuni aka ga tasirin makamin wanda kasar Turkiyya ta kera, musammman wajen taimaka wa Azerbaijan samun galabar dakarun Armenia da sake kwace muhimman yankuna a fadan Nagarno-Karabakh a 2020.

Sai dai, wadanda ke sha’awar aikin da makamin za su yi, suna da 'yar alaka da gabashin Turai da sauransu.

A makonnin baya-bayan nan, an kai wasu jiragen marasa matuki zuwa Togo da ke Afirka ta yamma, kasa da ke gwagwarmayar kawo karshen kutsawar da mayaka masu ikirarin jihadi ke yi zuwa kudanci daga Burkina Faso.

A watan Mayu, Jamhuriyar Nijar ta sayo gwamman wadannan jirage marasa matuki ga sojojinta domin yaki da kungiyoyin ‘yan tada kayar baya a yankin Sahel, kusa da tafkin Chadi.

Wasu kasashen Afirka da suka sayi wannan makami sun hada da Habasha da Morocco da kuma Tunisia, yayin da ita ma Angola ta nuna sha’awar son sayen makamin.

Sai dai wadda ta fara amfani da jiragen marasa matuki a nahiyar ta Afirka, ita ce gwamnatin Libya da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da ita – inda aka fara amfani da su a farkon shekarar 2019, inda suka taimaka wa dakarun Tripoli wajen dakile ‘yan tawaye daga gabashin kasar.

Ga kasashen Afirka da ke son sayen makamin, musamman ma matalauta daga cikinsu, suna ganin jirgin marassa matuki za su bayar da gagarumin karfi ta sama ba tare da an kashe makudan kudade ba, da kuma horo na shekaru masu yawa da ake bukata wajen kai farmakin jirage masu saukar ungulu.

Wannan babbar dama ce ga kasashe kamar Nijar da Togo.

Kasashen na fuskantar kalubale wajen dakile daruruwan kungiyoyin mayaka da ke amfani da babura da kuma ke kafa sansanoni a cikin dazuka a yankin Sahel da kai hare-haren ba-zata kan shingayen binciken sojojin jandarma da kan iyakoki da kuma al’ummomi fararen hula.

Sojojin Nijr sun dauki tsawon shekaru suna fama da wannan matsalar ta yaki da kungiyoyin mayaka a kan iyakoki, inda kasar ta hade da Burkina Faso da kuma Mali, awanni kalilan daga Yamai, babban birnin kasar.

Dakarun gwamnati na cikin wannan aiki mai wahala domin kare yankin Kudu maso gabashi daga hare-haren kungiyar Boko-Haram da takwararta ta ISWAP.

Sai dai ga Togo, hare-haren masu ikirarin jihadi na wani sabon abu ne a kasar wadda kuma ke damunta matuka.

A tsawon gwamman shekaru da suka gabata, ayyukan kungiyoyin mayaka sun ta’allaka ga yankin Sahel – na Burkina Faso da Nijar – kuma yawanci a yankunan da ke da nisan iyaka da kasashe da ke bakin teku kamar Ivory Coast da Ghana da Togo da kuma Benin.

Sai dai al’amura sun fara sauyawa a baya-bayan nan, inda mayakan suka kara kai hare-hare zuwa fadin Burkina Faso da yankunan karkara da ke iyaka da kasashen guda hudu.

A karshen 2019, jami’an tsaro sun gano cewa mayaka na nausawa zuwa arewacin Togo.

Tun da farko, mayakan na boye suna hutawa da kuma farfadowa, amma gwamnati a Lome, kamar makwabtanta a fadin kasashe da ke bakin teku a Afirka ta yamma, inda suke nuna damuwa cewa barazanar mayakan za ta karu.

Kasar Ivory Coast ma ta sha fama da hare-haren masu ikirarin jihadi a kan wurin shakatawa na Grand Bassam a 2016 wanda ya hallaka mutum 19, da hare-hare da kuma gwabzawa da jami’an tsaro a yankin arewa maso gabas a 2020.

An kuma samu mutuwar wani mai kula da gandun daji lokacin da mayaka suka yi garkuwa da masu yawon bude ido biyu ‘yan kasar Faransa a babban gandun namun dajin Pendjari a Benin.

Daga baya kuma an kashe dakarun Faransa guda biyu a wani ba-ta-kashi lokacin da aka ceto masu yawon bude idon a yankin iyakar Burkina Faso.

A watan Nuwamban bara ne mayaka suka yi wa Togo dirar mikiya.

Kafin hakan a ranar 11 ga watan Mayu, gwamman mayaka ne suka kai hari kan wani shingen binciken sojoji a Kpek-pakandi, kusa da Burkina Faso, inda sojoji takwas suka mutu tare da jikkatar 13.

Amma dakarun sun mayar da martani da kuma kashe wasu mayakan.

A wata na gaba ne kuma gwamnati ta ayyyana dokar ta-baci a Savanes, da ke yankin arewacin Togo.

Sai dai hakan bai karya gwuiwar masu ikirarin jihadin ba da yanzu ake danganta su da kungiyar Jama’atul Nusrat ul-Islam wa al-Muslimin kungiya da ke da zama a Mali.

An sake kashe wasu sojoji biyu a wani hari a watan Yuli.

Shugaba Faure Gnassingbe ya kai ziyara yankin a wani mataki na karfafa wa dakaru gwuiwa.

Sai dai wasu mazauna kauyuka a yankin Sahel na barin gidajensu – saboda fargaba.

Gwamnati ta kasance tana da iko a gwamman shekaru, inda ma ta ga ya dace ta ta gayyato jam’iyyun ‘yan adawa domin tattaunawa akan samar da tsari na bai daya na yaki da barazanar masu ikirarin jihadi.

Sai dai, sun dauki mataki na karshe wajen ganin soji sun bayar da gudummawa.

A wannan gaba ne kuma, aka kawo batun jirage marassa matuki na Turkiyya, inda Togo take shirin sayen makamin – kamar Nijar – ta hanyar karfafa tsarin tsaro da zai iya gano wajen da mayakan ke zaune da nufin farmusu.

Amfani da jirage marasa matuki ba sabon abu bane a yankin Sahel. Dakarun kasashen Faransa da Amurka na da jirage maras matuki a shingayen su a Nijar, wadanda ke aikin taimaka wa gwamnati wajen samun tsaro.

A kasashe irin Ethiopia – inda gwamnatin tarayya ke yaki da ‘yan tawayen yankin Tigray – suna afmani da jirage marasa matuki saboda muhimmancin su na karfafawa dakarun soji.

Sai dai makamin na da hadari kamar na jirage masu saukar ungulu.

A watan Janairu, masu aikin agaji sun ruwaito cewa jirage marasa matuki, sun kashe fararen hula sama da 300 a rikicin yankin Tigray na Habasha.

Suma sojojin kasar Togo amince cewa sun kashe matasa bisa kuskure bayan da wani jirgi – wanda ba a san hakikanin wani iri ba – ta kai musu hari da samanin cewa mayaka ne a ranar 9-10 ga watan Yuli.

Hadura da ke tattare da wannan kuskure da ake yi na kara jefa mutane cikin fargaba, a daidai lokaci kuma da masu ikirarin jihadi ke kara kutsawa.

Ga kasashen Togo da Niger sayen makamin daga Turkiyya, yana kuma da muhimmanci ta bangaren siyasa, inda hakan zai rage dogaro da jama’a ke kan hadin gwuiwar samar da tsaro tsakanisu da Faransa, kasa kuma da ta yi musu mulkin mallaka.

Ankara na kallon hakan da cewa: ‘hadin-kan diflomasiyyar sayen makamin’’ saboda hadin gwuiwar sojoji wani babban makami ne a wajen tsarin hulda da kasashen waje zuwa yankin Kudancin Sahara na shugaba Recep Tayyip Erdogan, da kuma gina filayen jirgin sama da sauran ababen more rayuwa.

Akwai kuma alaka tsakanin manyan ‘yan kasuwa da siyasa na Turkiyya a kera makamin.

Kamfanin wasu ‘yan uwa guda biyu ne – hadda shugabanta Huluk Bayraktar da kaninsa Selcuk, shugaban bangaren fasaha, wanda kuma ya kasance yana auren ‘yar shugaba Erdogan, Sumeyye, ke samar da jirgin marassa matukin.