Shin daga ina Isra'ila ke samun makamai?

Gwamnatocin kasashen yammacin duniya na fuskantar matsin lambar dakatar da siyar da makamai ga Isra’ila saboda yadda take yakar kungiyar Hamas a zirin Gaza.

Isra'ila dai ita ce babbar mai fitar da makamai,sannan sojojinta sun dogara da jiragen da ake shigowa da su daga kasashen ketare da bama-bamai da kuma makamai masu linzami don gudanar da abinda masana suka bayyana a matsayin daya daga cikin hare-haren ta sama mafi muni a tarihin baya-bayan nan.

A ranar Juma'ar da ta gabata Hukumar Kare Hakkin Yan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta goyi bayan dokar hana amfani da makamai wadda kasashe 28 suka kada kuri'ar amincewa, shida daga ciki basu amince ba ya yinda 13 kuma suka juya baya. Amurka da Jamus wadanda Isra'ila tafi amfani da kayan da suke shigar mata sun kada kuri'ar kin amincewa. To amma Jamus ta ce ta yi hakan ne saboda kudurin bai fito fili ya la'anci Hamas ba.

Yakin dai ya samo asali ne sakamakon harin da Hamas ta kai Isra'ila a ranar 7 ga watan Oktoba, wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwar kusan mutane 1,200 galibi fararen hula bisa ga kididdigar Isra'ila. Sama da mutane 33,000 aka kashe a Gaza, kashi 70% yara ne kanana da mata kamar yadda ma'aikatar lafiya ta Hamas ta bayyana.

Isra'ila ta ce dakarunta na aiki don kaucewa asarar rayukan fararen hula, ta kuma zargi Hamas da ganganci da rayuwar fararen hula.

Amurka

Amurka ita ce ta fi kowacce kasa samarwa Isra'ila makamai, bayan da ta taimaka mata wajen gina daya daga cikin rundunar sojojin mai aiki da kimiyya irinta ta farko a duniya.

Binciken cibiyar zaman lafiya ta Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) ya tabbatar da cewar Amurka ce ta samar da kashi 69 na makaman da aka shigar Isra'ila tsakanin shekara ta 2019 zuwa shekara ta 2023.

Amurka tana baiwa Isra'ila dala biliyan 3.8 (£3bn) a matsayin tallafin soji na shekara-shekara karkashin wata yarjejeniya ta shekaru 10 da ke da nufin baiwa kawayenta damar ci gaba da abin da ta kira "kyakkyawan matakin soji" a kan kasashe makwabta.

Isra'ila ta yi amfani da tallafin don ba da kuɗin odar jiragen yaki samfurin F-35 Joint Strike Fighters, jirgin sama mafi ci gaba da aka taɓa yi. Ya zuwa yanzu dai ta aika da bukatar 75 ta kuma yi nasarar karbar 30 daga cikin jiragen. Ita ce ƙasa ta farko banda Amurka da ta karɓi F-35 kuma ta farko da ta yi amfani da ɗaya wajen yaƙi.

Wani bangare cikin kunshin taimakon dala miliyan 500 a duk shekara an kebe shi don tallafawa shirye shiryen kariya na makamai masu linzami, da kirkirar Iron Dome da Arrow da kuma David's Sling. Isra'ila ta dogara da su a lokacin yakin wajen kare kanta daga hare haren rokoki da makamai masu linzami da kuma jiragen sama daga kungiyoyin Falasdinawa masu dauke da makamai a Gaza, da kuma sauran kungiyoyi masu dauke da makamai masu samun goyon bayan Iran da wadanda ke Lebanon da Siriya da kuma Iraki.

Bayan harin da Hamas ta kai a ranar 7 ga Oktoba Shugaba Joe Biden ya ce Amurka "zata kara taimakon sojin da take ba Isra'ila''.

Daga lokacin da aka fara yakin, makamai biyu da Amurka ta sayarwa Isra'ila kawai aka sanar bayan ta samu amincewar gaggawa. Daya na harsashin tankokin yaki 14,000 da darajarsu ta kai dalar Amurka miliyan 106, dayan kuma na dala miliyan 147 na kayayyakin da ake hada harsashin atileri mai mita 155.

Sai dai kafofin yada labaran Amurka sun ruwaito cewa gwamnatin Shugaba Joe Biden ta sayarwa Isra'ila makamai sama da 100, 'kasa da dala wadda ke bukatar a sanar da Majalisa a hukumance. An ce sun haɗa da dubban harsashai da 'kananan bama-bamai da na'urar ruguza 'dakunan 'kar'kashin 'kasa da kuma 'kananan makamai.

Sai dai rahoton hukumar SIPRI ya ce duk da makaman da aka shigar Isra'ila, yawan makaman da Isra'ila ta karba daga Amurka a shekara ta 2023 ya kusan daidai da na shekarar 2022.

Cinikin makamai guda mai bukatar amincewar majalisa shi ne na dala biliyan 18 don sayen jiragen yaki samfurin F-15, to amma rahotanni sun bayyana cewar har yanzu majalisar ba ta amince ba tukuna.

Sanata Elizabeth Warren, ta ce a shirye ta ke ta dakile yarjejeniyar sannan kuma ta zargi Isra'ila da kai harin bam Gaza.

Jamus

Jamus ita ce 'kasa ta gaba wajen fidda makamai zuwa Isra'ila, da kashi 30 tsakanin shekara ta 2019 zuwa shekara ta 2023, a cewar SIPRI.

Kayan sun kunshi na'u'rorin kariya daga hare-hare ta sama da kuma kayan sadarwa kamar yadda kamfanin dillancin labarai na DPA ya sanar.

Shugaban gwamnati Olaf Scholz dai ya kasance mai goyon Isra’ila ta kare kanta a lokacin yaki, amma a makonnin baya-bayan nan kalamansa kan Isra'ila sun canza. Ana ci gaba da tabka muhawara a Jamus game da batun cinikin makaman.

Italiya

Italiya ce 'kasa ta uku wajen shigar da makamai Isra'ila da kashi 0.9 tsakanin shekara ta 2019 zuwa shekara ta 2023. An ce sun hada da jirage masu saukar ungulu da makaman yaki a ruwa.

Cinikin ya kai na euro miliyan 13.7 ($14.8m, £11.7m) a bara, a cewar ofishin kididdiga na kasa ISTAT.

An amince da wasu euro miliyan 2.1 na kayayyakin da ake fitarwa zuwa kasashen ketare tsakanin Oktoba da Disamba duk da tabbacin gwamnatin kasar ta bayar na haramta sayar da makamai ga kasashen da ke yaki ko kuma ake ganin suna take hakkin dan Adam.

Ministan tsaro Guido Crosetto ya shaidawa majalisar dokokin kasar a watan da ya gabata cewa Italiya ta mutunta kwangilolin da ake dasu bayan ta duba su bisa tsarin shari'a.

Sauran 'kasashe

Kayayyakin makaman da Burtaniya ke fitarwa zuwa Isra'ila kalilan ne a cewar gwamnatin Burtaniya, wanda ya kai fan miliyan 42 daidai da dala miliyan 53 shekara ta 2022.

Yawancin su kayan aiki ne da ake amfani da su a cikin jiragen yaƙin Amurka waɗanda ke ƙarewa a Isra'ila. Sai dai gwamnatin Birtaniyya na fuskantar matsin lamba don ta dakatar da hatta kayayyakin da ake fitarwa zuwa kasashen waje.

Firayim Minista Rishi Sunak ya ce Burtaniya na da ''tsarin ba da lasisin fito" kuma ya ce dole ne Isra'ila ta "yi aiki daidai da dokar jin kai ta kasa da kasa". Har ila yau gwamnatin Burtaniya tana shirin tantance wanda zai ba da shawara kan hatsarin karya dokar 'kasa-'kasa da Isra'ila ta yi tun daga farkon shekarar 2024.

Sai dai wata majiyar gwamnati ta shaida wa BBC cewa takunkumin hana sayar da makamai ga Isra'ila ba ''zai yi wuya''.

Gwamnatin Canada ta sayarwa Isra'ila makamai na dalar Canada miliyan 21.3 a cikin shekara ta 2022, ta bayyana cewar a watan Janairu ta dakatar da amincewa da sabbin takardun izinin fidda makamai har sai ta tabbatar da ana amfani da su kamar yadda ya kamata.

Masana'antar Tsaron Isra'ila

Isra'ila ta gina masana'antar tsaro tare da taimakon Amurka, kuma a yanzu tana matsayi na tara a sahun masu fitar da makamai a duniya, ta kuma mayar da hankali wajen kayayyakin fasaha na zamani maimakon manyan na'urori.

Masana'antar na da kashi 2.3 a cinikin makamai a duniya tsakanin shekara ta 2019 zuwa shekara ta 2023, a cewar SIPRI. Indiya na da kashi 37 ya yinda Philippines ke da kashi 12 sai Amurka mai kashi 8.7. A shekara ta 2022 tallafin ya kai dala biliyan 12.5 a cewar ma'aikatar tsaron Isra'ila.

A watan Satumba kafin a fara yakin, Jamus ta amince da yarjejeniyar dala biliyan 3.5 da Isra'ila don siyan na'urar kariya ta makamai masu linzami mai suna Arrow 3, wanda ke katse makamai masu linzami masu cin dogon zango. Yarjejeniya mafi girma da Isra'ila ta taba yi kuma tilas Amurka ta amince da ita saboda tsarin hada gwiwa.

Tulin makaman Amurka a Isra'ila

Isra'ila na zaman cibiyar ajiyar makaman Amurka a wata ma'ajiya da aka kafa tun a shekara ta 1984, domin tanadin kayayyakin da sojojinta ke amfani da su idan rikicin yankin ya afku, da kuma baiwa Isra'ila damar samun makamai cikin gaggawa.

Cibiyar Tsaro ta Pentagon ta aike da makaman atilare kimanin 300,000 daga ma'ajiyar makamai ta Isra'ila zuwa Ukraine bayan mamayar Rasha.

An kuma bayar da rahoton cewa, an ba da makaman da aka jibge a ma'ajiyar makaman Amurka ga Isra'ila tun lokacin da aka fara yakin Gaza.