Raporo ivuga ko ingabo za Sudani zarashe ibisasu ku mijyi, amasoko n'amashuri bikica abantu amagana

Iperereza ku bitero byo mu kirere mu ntambara yo muri Sudani ryerekanye ko ingabo z'iki gihugu zirwanira mu kirere zarashe ibisasu byishe abasivile nibura 1,700 mu bice bituwemo n'abaturage, ku masoko, amashuri ndetse n'inkambi zicumbitsemo abakuwe mu byabo.

Ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi kuri Sudani (Sudan Witness) kivuga ko cyakusanije amakuru ya gisirikare ya mbere menshi cyane azwi ku bitero byo mu kirere muri iyi ntambara, yatangiye mu kwezi kwa kane mu mwaka wa 2023.

Mu isesengura ry'icyo kigo rigaragaza ko ingabo zirwanira mu kirere zakoresheje ibisasu bitayobowe zikabitera mu bice bituwemo n'abaturage.

Amakuru yibanda ku bitero by'indege z'intambara, ingabo za Sudani (SAF) ni zo zonyine zifite ubushobozi bwo kubikora. Abahanganye na zo, umutwe witwara gisirikare wa RSF (Rapid Support Forces), bo nta ndege bafite, bagaba ibitero bakoresheje utudege tutarimo abapilote (drone), gusa two ntitwakozweho muri ubu bushakashatsi.

RSF yamaganywe n'amahanga ishinjwa ibyaha by'ubwicanyi bushingiye ku moko bwabereye mu ntara ya Darfur mu burengerazuba bwa Sudani, bikaba byaratumye Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika zishinja uwo mutwe gukora jenoside.

Mark Snoeck, wayoboye uwo mushinga w'ubushakashatsi, yagize ati: "RSF irimo kuryozwa ibyangijwe byinshi ndetse n'ibindi byaha, kandi ndatekereza ko ari byo bikwiye."

"Ariko ntekereza ko SAF na yo ikwiye kuryozwa ibyo yakoze."

Ingabo za leta na zo zamaganwe n'amahanga, zishinjwa kurasa ibisasu batitaye ku ho babirashe.

Igisirikare cya leta nticyigeze gisubiza ubusabe bwa BBC bwo kugira icyo gitangaza ku byo gishinjwa. Ariko mbere cyakomeje guhakana ibirego bashinjwa byo kwibasira abasivili, kivuga ko ibitero byabo by'indege "byerekeza gusa ahateraniye umutwe wa RSF, ahantu n'ibirindiro bifatwa nk'ibya gisirikare."

Sudan Witness ni umushinga w'umuryango udahaganira inyungu witwa 'Center for Information Resilience', ukora mu gushyira ahagaragara ibikorwa byo guhonyora uburenganzira bwa muntu. Muri iki gikorwa, Sudan Witness yatewe inkunga na minisiteri y'ububanyi n'amahanga y'Ubwongereza.

Nkuko bigaragara muri kopi y'iyo raporo BBC yabonye mbere yuko itangazwa, iki kigo cyasesenguye ibitero 384 by'indege byakozwe hagati yo mu kwezi kwa kane mu mwaka wa 2023 n'ukwezi kwa karindwi mu mwaka wa 2025.

Abasivile barenga 1,700 batangajwe ko bishwe n'ibyo bitero, naho 1,120 babikomerekeramo. Iki kigo kivuga ko iyi ari imibare irimo kwigengesera cayne gushoboka, kuko cyafashe umubare wo hasi cyane mu yari yatangajwe yose.

Hari ingero 135 bivugwa ko zabayemo kwibasira ibice bituwemo n'abaturage, ndetse n'iyangizwa ryagenzuwe ry'ingo ndetse n'ibikorwaremezo by'abasivile.

Mu nshuro 35, ibisasu byarashwe ku masoko n'ibigo by'ubucuruzi, akenshi kandi habaga harimo abantu. Kandi ibitero 19 byibasiye abanyantege nkeya nko mu bigo by'ubuvuzi, ahantu hatuwe n'abakuwe mu byabo ndetse no ku bigo by'amashuri.

Sudan Witness yemera ko ubushakashatsi bwayo butuzuye kuko ibyavuyemo bigaragaza gusa aho yashoboye kubonera amakuru aho kugaragaza umubare w'ibitero byose.

Ivuga ko bigoye kubona amakuru mu bice biberamo intambara kubera ibibazo by'itumanaho rigoye ndetse no kumenya inkomoko yizewe y'amakuru, ndetse no kuba ibitero ku bikorwa bya gisirikare bidakunze gutangazwa cyane.

Umujyi wa Nyala wo mu majyepfo ya leta ya Darfur ukunze kwibasirwa n'ibi bitero. Ikibuga cy'indege cyaho kivugwaho kuba inzira y'ingenzi RSF ikoresha mu kwinjiza intwaro, zirimo nk'indege nto z'intambara zitajyamo abapilote (drone) zigezweho, zituruka muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abarabu (UAE). UAE ihakana ibimenyetso byerekana ko ishyigikira RSF.

Ingabo za leta ya Sudani zo zivuga ko ziba zigamije guhashya iyo nzira y'ibikoresho bya gisirikare muri uwo mujyi.

Ariko Sudan Witness ivuga ko izo ngabo zidafite intwaro zirasa zidahusha zo gutuma ingabo za Sudani zirasa neza neza aho zigambiriye gusa, muri icyo gice gituwe mu bucucike.

Sudan Witness yasuzumye urukurikirane rw'ibitero by'indege byakorewe mu mujyi hagati mu kwezi kwa kabiri uyu mwaka, byanagaragajwe n'umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, Human Rights Watch. Ibyo bitero byibasiye ahatuwe n'abaturage n'iduka ry'imboga riri hafi y'ivuriro ry'amaso, byica abantu nibura 63.

Bavuga ko ibyo bitero ku masoko akomeye n'ahakorerwa ubucuruzi bitica abasivile gusa, ahubwo ko binahungabanya ubukungu kandi bikongera inzitizi mu bikorwa by'ubutabazi.

Mu Kwakira (10) umwaka ushize, abantu nibura 65 barishwe naho 200 barakomereka mu gitero cy'ibisasu cyasenye isoko rya al-Kuma muri Darfur y'Amajyaruguru.

Ingabo za leta zivuga ko RSF yihisha mu bice bituwe n'abaturage ndetse zikemeza ko zikurikiza amategeko mpuzamahanga y'ubutabazi n'amategeko agenga intambara, harimo no kurinda abasivile n'ibyabo.

Impande zombi zirwana muri Sudani, zakomeje gushinjwa ibyaha byo mu ntambara.

Nko muri iki cyumweru RSF n'umutwe bafatanya wa Sudan Liberation Movement-North, bashinjwe igitero cya 'drone' cyaguye ku ishuri ry'incuke ndetse no ku bitaro byo mu mujyi wa Kalogi muri leta ya Kordofan y'Amajyepfo.

Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku buzima (OMS/WHO) ryavuze ko abantu 114 ari bo bishwe, harimo n'abana 63.