Intambara ya Tigray: Ingene Uburaya na Amerika vyacanyemwo n'umushikiranganji wa mbere wa Ethiopia
Ahavuye isanamu, AFP
- Umwanditsi, Na Farouk Chothia
- Igikorwa, BBC News
Mu gihe imigenderanire ya Ethiopia na Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (US) n'Ishirahamwe rya Buraya (EU) iguma itituka, iyo reta iriko irerekeza amaso ku bandi boyishigikira kugira itsinde inyeshamba ziyirwanya mu ntara ya Tigray yo mu buraruko.
Amerika n'Ishirahamwe rya Buraya bagabisha gufatira ibihano reta n'umwansi wayo wa mbere, Tigray People's Liberation Army (TPLF), mu ntumbero yo kubashirako igitutu ngo barangize iyo ntambara iri hafi gukwiza umwaka, abenshi bafise ubwoba ko ishobora kuba akaga kangana n'akatewe n'intambara yatumye hasambuka icahoze ari igihugu ca Yougoslavia.
Kjetil Tronvoll, umwigisha mu vyigwa bijanye n'intambara kuri kaminuza ya Oslo New University College muri Norvege, avuga ko ivyo vyatumye reta ironderera ubucuti ahandi.
Yavuze ati: "Reta ya Ethiopia yumva ishobora guheba Uburaya na Amerika - ko ishobora kuronka ibigwanisho ihawe na Iran, Turkiya n'Ubushinwa, igahabwa ingurane zitarusha cane na Arabia Saudite na Emirats Arabes Unis (UAE), hanyuma igakingirwa muri poritike n'Uburusiya n'Ubushinwa", akerekana ko ivyo bihugu bibiri vya nyuma bimaze kuzibira ko ONU yumvikana ku ngingo kuri iyo ntambara yo muri Tigray.
Yongerako ati n'ubwo bitaremezwa, hari inkuru zo kwizera ko igisirikare ca Ethiopia caronse drone (indege zitagira abadereva) zakorewe muri Iran na Turkia kugira zikoreshwe mu bitero vy'indege muri Tigray.
Nkoramutima ku mutekano
Umunya-Ethiopia yihweza ibintu n'ibindi akorera muri Canada Ann Fitz-Gera avuga ko ahagaritswe umutima n'imigambi ya US na EU yo gufatira ibihano reta.
Avuga ati: "Amakungu akwiye gushigikira reta yemewe ya Ethiopia, hamwe n'intara zitatu [Tigray, Amhara na Afar] ziriko zirahura n'ingaruka z'iyo ntambara. Ategerezwa kwiyamiriza amabi ya TPLF, agahamagarira uwo mugwi gushira ibigwanisho hasi" akongerako y'uko hakenewe ko reta itanga amakuru mu buryo butomoye kandi ikabikora buri igihe.
Umwigisha Tronvoll avuga ko Amerika n'Uburayi vyari vyafashe ministre wa mbere wa Ethiopia Abiy Ahmed "nk'umuntu yo gufashanya vya hafi mu mikenyuro" igihe yashika ku butegetsi mu 2018, bica bibona Ethiopia "nk'inkoramutima ku mutekano" mu karere kegereye amayira acamwo ibidandazwa mu kiyaga gitukura, ikirimbiro ry'ibikorwa vy'imigwi y'intagondwa za ki-Islam, n'akarere kavamwo abantu benshi baja kurondera ubuzima i Buraya.
Tronvoll abandanya avuga ati: "Imigenderanire yabo yaciye yunyuka kuva intambara yadutse., Amerika n'ishirahamwe rya Buraya uko bukeye uko bwije niko vyagiye birarushirizaho kunegura amabi akorwa na reta , hamwe no kuba muri Tigray abantu basigaye babayeho ngo mu gihe c'amapfa.
Ahavuye isanamu, Getty Images
Abategetsi ba ONU bavuga ko ukwugarana intara ya Tigray vyakozwe na reta bigabanya imfashanyo zoshitseyo, bigatuma abantu bashika ibihumbi 400 babaho nko mu gihe c'amapfa.
Faisal Roble, uwihweza ibintu n'ibindi mu karere k'ihembe rya Afrika akorera muri Amerika , avuga ko hamwe rata itokworosha aho ihagaze, Amerika na Buraya bishobora gufata ingingo yo guca inzira yo gutabara abari mu kaga muri Tigray banyuze muri Sudan , canke bagashinga akarere ata ndege zirekuriwe kugaca hejuru muri iyo ntara kugira ivyo kurya hamwe n'imiti bishobora gukororwa n'indege.
Ariko uwihweza ibintu n'ibindi akorera muri Ethiopia Wuhibeegzer Ferede agabisha ko "amakungu atorondera kwiganza abicishije ku kaga" no kuremera birengeje reta.
Avuga ko ahubwo igitutu gikwiye kwotswa TPLF kugira reta ishobore gushika ata mtambamyi mu ntara ya Tigray kugira ishikane imfahanyo ku banyagihugu bayikeneye.
Yongerako ati "Umwitwarariko w'amakungu ntukwiye kuba uwa Tigray gusa", ukwiye no kuba no ntara bihana urubibe za Amhara na Afar aho ibitero vya vya TPLL vyatumye naho haduka akaga.
Kugabanya abayiserukira mu makungu
Uwujejwe imigenderanire mw'ishirahamwe rya Buraya Josep Borrell ku wa 18 ukwezi kw'umunani yavuze ati n'ubwo infashanyo y'iterambere izobandanya guhabwa Ethiopia, iryo shirahamwe ritegekanya gufatira ibihano imigwi yose ifise uruhara mu ntambara niyo hahera amatohoza ya ONU ku mabi akorerwa abantu muri iyo ntambara.
Avuga ati: "Tigray yugarijwe n'amabi ku gateka ka zina muntu akorwa n'imigwi yitwaje ibigwanisho ikoresha ivyaha vyo mu ntambara n'ayandi mabi nk'ikigwaisho".
Ahavuye isanamu, Getty Images
Professeur Tronvoll avuga ko ubutegetsi bwa prezida wa Amerika Joe Biden buriko kandi burategura kwotsa igitutu reta ya Ethiopia buciye muri izi nzira
- Bwategetse ko haba amatohoza y'amategeko yo kumenya niba amabi yakozwe muri Tigray ashobora kuba ari ihonyabwoko
- Yasavye ikigega mpuzamakungu FMI n'ibanki y'isi kubangira ku ngurane zimwe zimwe vyagomba guha Ethiopia hamwe rero
- No kwiga ko Ethiopia yovanwa ku rutonde rw'ibihugu bishorera kw'isoko rya Amerika ata makori bitanze biciye mw'itegegeko rya Africa Growth and Opportunities Act [AGOA) , ibintu vyoheza bigasesereza cane Ethiopia mu butunzi no muri poritike
Prof Tronvoll avuga ati: " Iyo hari intambara n'igitutu c'uko uyirangiza, twari kwitega ko Ethiopia irushiriza imigenderanire yayo na Amerika n'ishirahamwe rya Buraya kugira irondere gutahurwa, ariko hariko haraba igihushane".
Aho afatira ku kubona reta yatangaje mu kwezi kwa gatandatu ko yugaye canke igabanuye ubuserukizi bwayo bushika 30 irya n'ino kw'isi - harimwo mu bihugu vya Afrika harimwo n'ibibanyi nka Kenya, igihugu gikomeye mu butunzi mu karere, , hamwe na Misiri, co gisanzwe kirabana ribi cane na Ethiopia kubera iyubakwa ry'urugomero rw'umuyagankuba kw'ishami ry'uruzi Nil.
Uwihweza ibintu n'ibindi mw'ihembe rya Afrika aba mu Bwongereza Abdurahman Sayed avuga ati:
"Ibihugu vy'i Buraya na Amerika ntibitahura Ethiopia. Bitera intege TPLF mu kugabisha ko bizofaitira ibihano reta".
"Biwkiye kurabira kw'ishirahamwe rya Afrika (AU/UA), ko ubutegetsi bwa reta y'igihugu buri hejuru y'ubutegetsi bw'intara".
Ahavuye isanamu, Getty Images
Professeur Tronvoll avuga ko igitutu ca Amerika na Buraya kwari ukugira izo mpande zompi zemere guhagarika intambara hanyuma zije mu biganiro vy'amahoro bihagarikiwe n'ishirahamwe rya Afrika. .
Iryo shirahamwe ryaciye rigena uwahoze ari umukuru wa Nigeria Olusegun Obasanjo nk'intumwa yaryo, inyuma y'aho Abiy, asanzwe yararonse agashimwe k'amahoro ka Nobel, agwirije n'ubusa ibikorwa vyo guhagarika iyo ntambara vy'intumwa zari zagenywe imbere harimwo n'uwahoze ari umukuru wa Liberia, Ellen Jonhson-Sirleaf, nawe yatsindiye agashimwe ka Nobel.
Prof Tronvoll avuga ko TPLF yashimye ko haba ibiganiro ariko igumana amakenga kuri Obasanjo ku mvo nyinshi harimwo ko asangiye ishengero ry'ubukristu na Abiy.
Prof Tronvol yongerako ati " Abiy nawe yaremeye Obasanjo nk'intumwa, ariko gushika ubu ntariyemeza kuja mu mugambi w'amahoro".
Alex Rondos na Mark Medish, mu mwihwezo bandikiye hamwe, abo bigeze kuba abategetsi umwe mw'ishirahamwe rya Buraya uwundi muri Amerika, bagabisha ko Ethiopia ishobora gushwanyagurika nka Yougoslavia , hakaba n'ingaruka zikomeye kurusha, hamwe utwigoro two guhagarika intambara tutogira ico dushitseko.
Ariko Sayed afise amakenga ko umugambi w'amahoro utazoshoboka.
Avuga ati: "Poritike yo muri Ethiopia yamye ari uko hategerezwa kuba uwunesha uwundi."
