Rikicin Mozambique: Abin da ya sa ƙasashe 24 suka tura sojoji ƙasar

Aƙalla ƙasashe 24 ne suka tura dakarun sojoji don taimakon Mozambique a yaƙin da take yi da masu tayar da ƙayar baya a arewacin gundumar Cabo Delgado.

Gano sojojin-bogi 7,000 da aka yi a rundunar sojin ƙasar cikin wadanda ba a biyansu sosai kuma ba su samu ƙwarewa ba a duniya, shi ya sa aka fahimci cewa Mozambique na buƙatar taimako.

Jaridar Carta de Moçambique ta ƙasar ta gano cewa albashin da aka sanya wa sojojin-bogin suna tafiya aljihun wasu manyan jami'an tsaro ne, kuma akwai ƙaruwar ƴaƴan tsofaffin sojoji da ƴan siyasa waɗanda ke karɓar albashi ba tare da sun taɓa ko da samun horo ba, ballantana akai ga shiga aikin sojin ka'in-da-na'in.

Fiye da ƙwararrun dakarun sojin Rwanda 2,000 sun isa su karɓi iko da yankuna biyu na gaɓar teku wato Palma da Mocimboa da Praia, waɗanda ke kusa da manyan sansanonin samar da iskar gas. Duk da ɗimbin nasarorinsu, yaƙin basasar Mozambique na kawo cikas.

Manyan ƙalubalen a yanzu su ne na siyasa - da kuɗi, da abin da ya jawo yaƙin, da batun wanda zai iya yaƙin, da kuma batun ko za a iya ci gaba da aikin samar da iskar gas ɗin

Yankin Cabo Delgado shi ne yankin da ke da ɗimbin arzikin gas da dutse mai daraja na ruby da ma'adanin graphite da zinare da sauran ma'adanai a Mozambique.

Ana ci gaba da yin zanga-zanga kan adawa da cewa ribar wajen na tafiya ne ga aljihun masu faɗa a ji na jam'iyya mai mulki ta kasar, Frelimo, kuma ba a samar da ayyuka ga mazauna yankin sosai.

Yankin da ke gaɓar tekun yanki ne na Musulmai tun ainihi. Manyan malamai mazauna yankin sun ce bin tafarkin Shari'ar Musulunci zai jawo daidaito a wajen rabon arzikin ƙasar.

An fara yaƙin ne a shekarar 2017 a lokacin da matasa a Mocimboa da Praia suka kai hari ofishin ƴan sanda da kuma sansanin soji, suka ƙwace makamai da dama.

Tun daga lokacin, fiye da mutum 4,000 aka kashe tare da raba mutum 800,000 da muhallansu.

Babbar matsalar ita ce asalin rikicin. Shugaba Filipe Nyusi da jam'iyyar Frelimo sun ce ya samo asali ne daga kasashen waje don haka ba laifinsu ba ne.

Tarayyar Turai da Bankin Duniya suna son bayar da tallafin daruruwan miliyoyin dala domin yunkurin kawo karshen yakin, ta hanyar samar da ayyuka da kuma sasantawa, sai dai Frelimo ya kwashe watanni shida yana kin gabatar da shirin Tarayyar Turai da Bankin Duniya a wurin taron majalisar ministoci.

Yaƙin basasa na yawan jawo jama'ar da ke waje su shigo ciki, haka kuma akwai hannun wasu daga cikin masu iƙirarin jihadi kamar IS da kuma masu bayar da kuɗaɗe daga Gabas Ta Tsakiya.

Akasarin masu bincike a Mozambique sun bayana cewa lamuran da ke faruwa a ƙasar suna da rinjaye amma Amurka da IS ba su so a kalli wannan lamari a matsayin yaƙin basasa, amma a matsayin arangama tsakanin ɓangarori biyu.

A watan Maris ɗin 2021, Amurka ta ayyana masu tayar da ƙayar bayan a matsayin mayakan Isis-Mozambique da kuma ƴan ta'addan duniya.

Masu bincike a kan wannan yaƙin sun yi watsi da hakan, Amurka ta ƙi yarda ta saki wannan hujjojinta.

Sakataren harkokin wajen Amurka Antony Blinken a ranar 14 ga watan Yuli ya bayyana cewa babban abin da Amurka ke son ta yi a Mozambique shi ne ta daƙile ƴan IS.

Haka kuma a ranar 4 ga watan Afrilun 2022, Amurka ta sanar da cewa Mozambique na daga cikin ƙasashen duniya biyar waɗanda suka fi rauni da Amurka za ta taimaka musu.

Abin da ake tsoro shi n akwai yiwuwar IS da Amurka za su iya yin yaƙi a Mozambique.

Wannan ya tayar da batun wani lamari mara daɗi da ya faru a shekarun 1980 kafin a kawo ƙarshen yaƙin cacar-baka, Amurka ta ƙaddamar da yaƙi kan Tarayyar Soviet wanda lamarin ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar ƴan Mozambique miliyan guda.

Mozambique na ƙoƙarin ganin ta sa ido ga Amurka. Ta bar Amurkar ne kawai ta yi wani ƙaramin atisayen soji, idan bayan haka ba ta bar komai ba.

Ƙasashe kamar Portugal da Afrika Ta Kudu sun yi yunƙurin tura sojojinsu.

Portugal ita ce ƙasar mulkin mallaka wadda aka gama da ita tsakanin 1965 zuwa 1967 a lokacin neman ƴancin kai, haka kuma ƙasar na ta so sojojinta su zauna a can tun bayan lokacin.

Ta tura jami'anta zuwa wani atisaye ta ƙarƙashin Tarayyar Turai - akasarin sojojin ƴan Portugal ne amma akwai wasu ƙasashe goma ciki har da Girka da Sifaniya da Italiya waɗanda duk sun bayar da gudunmawa.

Afrika Ta Kudu tana kallon kanta a matsayin ƙasar da ke da ƙarfi a yankin kuma tana ɗaukar Mozambique a matsayin wani ƙaramin wuri.

Ƙasar ta yi ƙoƙari domin a kafa wata haɗakar sojoji ta Southern African Development Community sai dai Mozambique ta kauce.

Shugaba Nyusi ya haɗu da shugaban Rwanda Paul Kagame da Shugaban Faransa Emmanuel Macron a bara.

Rwanda na da sojoji waɗanda suka san makamar aiki da suke aikin wanzar da zaman lafiya tare da kamfanin da ke jagorantar aikin gas na Faransa wato TotalEnergies.

Dakarun Rwanda na farko guda 1,000 sun isa a ranar 9 ga watan Yuli kuma a cikin mako uku suka kawar da masu tayar da ƙayar baya daga muhimman wurare.

An ƙaddamar da aikin wanzar da zaman lafiya na SADC a 2021 sai dai Mozambique ta bar dakarun Afrika Ta Kudu shiga ƙasar a ranar 19 ga watan Yuli bayan da dakarun Rwanda suka soma aiki.