Yadda rikicin Pakistan da Afghanistan ya samo asali

Jami'an gwamnatin ƙasar Pakistan sun bayyana cewa, Pakistan ta ƙaddamar da wani sabon farmaki kan garuruwan Kabul da Paktika da Kandahar na ƙasar Afganistan, a daidai lokacin da ake samun ƙaruwar hare-haren kan iyaka a tsakanin ƙasashen biyu.

Hare-haren da aka kai da sanyin safiyar Juma'a, 27 ga watan Fabrairu, sun zo ne bayan da ƙungiyar Taliban ta Afghanistan ta sanar da kai wani gagarumin farmaki kan sansanonin sojin Pakistan da ke kusa da kan iyaka a daren Alhamis.

Ƙasashen biyu sun amince da tsagaita wuta a watan Oktoba bayan ƙazamin faɗan kan iyaka, amma rikici ya sake ɓarkewa a cikin ƴan kwanakin nan.

Ɓangarorin biyu dai sun yi iƙirarin cewa sun yi wa juna ɓarna sosai a faɗan baya-bayan nan.

Firaministan Pakistan, Shehbaz Sharif, ya ce ƙasarsa na da "cikakkiyar ikon murƙushe duk wani mugun buri" yayin da ministan tsaro, Khawaja M Asif, ya ayyana "cikakken yaƙi" kan gwamnatin Taliban ta Afghanistan.

Ƙungiyar Taliban ta Afganistan ta ce ta Ƙaddamar da wani gagarumin farmaki a ranar alhamis, a matsayin martani kan hare-haren da ta kai mata a farkon makon nan, wanda ta yi iƙirarin ya kashe aƙalla mutane 18.

Menene tarihin tushen tashin hankalin kuma mene ne wasu abubuwan da suka haifar da sabon rikici?

Tarihin dagantaka mai cike da sarƙaƙiya

A baya-bayan nan dangantaka ta yi tsami tsakanin Pakistan da Afghanistan.

Kafin janyewar Amurka daga Afganistan a shekarar 2021, tsohuwar gwamnatin Kabul zargin Islamabad da taimakawa Taliban kai here-hare kan dakarunta da suka ce ana shiryawa daga ƙasar Pakistan.

A cikin wannan lokaci Pakistan ta musanta cewa tana da alaƙa da ƙungiyar Taliban, yayin da kakakin ma'aikatar harkokin wajen Pakistan a lokacin ya bayyana irin waɗannan zarge-zarge a matsayin abin dariya.

Pakistan dai ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen sasantawa da kuma tattaunawa kan yarjejeniyar Doha wadda ta share fagen ficewar ƙasar Amurka daga Afganistan da kuma saurin dawo da mulkin Taliban.

Tana ɗaya ne daga cikin ƙasashe ƙalilan da suka amince da gwamnatin Taliban a hukumance a lokacin mulkin ƙungiyar a Afghanistan tsakanin 1996 zuwa 2001.

Sai dai tashin hankalin na baya-bayan nan ya nuna cewa duk da ya ke ƴan Taliban sun dawo kan karagar mulki a Afganistan, dangantakar dake tsakanin ƙasashen biyu ta ci gaba da yin tsami.

Pakistan ta ce ƙungiyar Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) - wadda aka fi sani da Pakistan Taliban - tana kai hare-hare kan ƙasar daga sansaninta da ke Afganistan, kuma ƙungiyar Taliban ta Afghanistan ba taɗaukar wani matakin domin hana su.

"Bayan da Taliban ta ɗare kan karagar mulki a Afganistan, Pakistan ta yi fatan cewa ƙungiyoyi irin su TTP ba za su sake samun tallafi kamar yadda suke samu a baya ba, kuma yanayin tashin hankali na kan iyaka zai inganta - amma hakan bai samu ba," in ji Masood Khan, tsohon jami'in diflomasiyyar Pakistan.

Wannan wataƙila ba abin mamaki ba ne.

Wani manazarci kuma ɗan jarida Sami Yousafzai, wanda ke sa ido sosai kan alaƙar Afghanistan da Pakistan ya shaida wa BBC cewa, "Akasin yadda aka samu daga sauran gwamnatoci, ƙungiyar Taliban ta Afghanistan ba irin gwamnatin da aka saba gani ba ce. Sun hau kan karagar mulki ne a matsayin ƙungiya da ke da tarihin alaƙa da TTP.

Ya ƙara da cewa "Idan Pakistan ta yi imanin cewa ƴan Taliban na Afganistan za ta iya kawar da ko kuma korar TTP daga Afganistan, wannan wani fata ne da ba za a iya samu ba."

A watan Oktoban shekarar da ta gabata, ministan harkokin wajen Afghanistan Amir Khan Muttaqi ya ziyarci birnin New Delhi, inda ya maido da hulɗar diflomasiyya tsakanin Afghanistan da Indiya, wadda ke adawa da Pakistan.

A watan Oktoban shekarar da ta gabata, ministan tsaron Pakistan, Khawaja Muhammad Asif, ya zargi Afghanistan da "gudanar da yaƙi a madadin Delhi" a wata hira da tashar Geo News.

Indiya ta sha musanta goyon bayan duk wani mai adawa da Pakistan a cikin Afghanistan. Sai dai masu sa ido irin su Yousafzai na ganin dawowar alaƙar diflomasiyya tsakanin Indiya da Afganistan a matsayin "rashin nasara " ga Pakistan.

Masu lura da al'amura sun ce Indiya na neman zuba hannun jari a yankin yayin da ƙungiyar Taliban ke ƙoƙarin kawo ƙarshen wariyar da ta ke fuskanta ta hanyar ƙulla alaƙa da ƙasashen da ke yankin.

Sai dai Yousafzai ya ce wannan ba abu ne mai sauki ba: "Ikon Indiya na ba da tallafi na zahiri ga gwamnatin Taliban yana da iyaka, saboda Kabul na aiki ne a ƙarƙashin tsauraran tsarin aƙidar jihadi."

Wannan na iya zuwa a matsayin ɗan kwanciyar hankali ga Islamabad.

Mene ne sauran ƙasashe suka ce kan rikicin?

Jami'an Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya sun bayyana damuwarsu kan wannan sabon yanayi na taɓarɓarewar al'amura, inda suka yi kira da a yi amfani da matakan diflomasiyya wurin tattaunawa don warware saɓanin da ke tsakanin ɓangarorin biyu.

Ma'aikatar harkokin wajen ƙasar China ta ce, ta damu matuƙa da halin da ake ciki, inda ta yi kira ga ɓangarorin biyu da su warware saɓanin da ke tsakaninsu ta hanyar tattaunawa da yin sulhu.

Makwabciyarsu Iran ta ce a shirye take ta taimaka wajen tabbatar da tattaunawa tsakanin ƙasashen biyu, in ji ministan harkokin wajen ƙasar Abbas Araghchi a shafinsa X, inda ya yi kira ga ɓangarorin biyu da su rungumi matakan sulhu a tsakaninsu.

Iyakar da ke tsakanin Pakistan da Afghanistan na da tsawon kilomita 2,600. Kuma turawan Ingila ne suka shata ta a shekarar 1893 kuma Afghanistan da miliyoyin ƴan ƙabilar Pashtun da ke zaune a kowane ɓangare na jayayya da yanayin iyakar.

Hakan kuma ya sa wasu masu lura da al'amura ke ganin tashe-tashen hankulan da ake fama da su su ma sun samo asali ne daga batun halascin yankin.

Dubban mutane ne ke tsallakawa kan iyakar kowace rana. Ba tare da la'akari da yanayin dangantakar da ke tsakanin gwamnatocinsu ba, al'ummomin kabilu suna zaune a gefe biyu na kan iyakar, inda suke da dangantaka ta iyali da kuma ta zamantakewa - wannan lamari ne ke tilasta gaggauta daidaita dangantaka tsakanin ƙasashen biyu.