Yadda yaƙin Sudan ya karkata ga yanki mai arziƙin zinare da ɗanyen man fetur

Tsanantar hare-haren jirage marasa matuƙa a fagen daga a yaƙin basasar Sudan ta janyo ƙarin fararen hula da lamarin ke rutsawa da su, kuma lamarin na sauya alƙiblar yaƙin.

Wurin da aka fi gumurzu ya sauya zuwa yankin tsakiyar kudancin Kordofan tun bayan da ɓangarorin biyu da ke gaba da juna suka sake mamaye wurare a yaƙin, wanda aka kwashe shekara uku ana gwabzawa.

Rikicin a tsakanin sojojin gwamnatin Sudan da na ƙungiyar RSF ya zama ɗaya daga cikin yaƙe-yaƙe mafi ƙazancewa a faɗin Afirka, kuma babu alamar tsagaitawa duk da shiga tsakanin Amurka a wajen tattaunawar zaman lafiya.

Hare-haren jirage marasa matuƙa da ake kai wa kusan kullum sun faɗa wurare kamar kasuwanni da asibitoci da jerin gwanon motocin kai kayan agaji da kuma unguwannin al'umma a yankin Kordofan, lamarin da ya janyo ƙorafi daga jami'an agajin jin-ƙai na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.

A makon da ya gabata shugaban hukumar agajin jin ƙai ta MDD, Volker Turk ya ce "wajibi ne a dakatar da hare-haren da kowane ɓangare ke kaiwa a kan fararen hula".

"Wajibi ne ɓangarorin su ɗauki matakan gaggawa na kare fararen hula, ciki har da daina kai hari kan wuraren fararen hula."

Ya yi wannan bayani ne bayan rahotonnin da ke cewa sama da fararen hula 50 ne aka kashe a cikin kwana biyu sanadiyyar hare-haren jirage marasa matuƙa a yankin arewa da kuma kudancin Kordofan.

Rahotannin kafafen yaɗa labarai na cikin gida da masu nazari kan yaƙin sun ɗora alhakin hare-haren kan sojojin Sudan, amma ana zargin dukkanin ɓangarorin da kai munanan hare-hare kan fararen hula.

Yankin Kordofan ya ƙusnhi jihohi uku kuma wuri ne mai matuƙar muhimmanci wanda ya haɗa yankin yammacin Darfur, wanda ke hannun mayaƙan RSF, zuwa Khartoum, babban birnin ƙasar, wanda yanzu ke hannun dakarun gwamnati.

A watan Afurilun 2023 ne yaƙin ya ɓarke, sanadiyyar gwagwarmayar riƙe iko tsakanin jagororin sojin Sudan (SAF) da dakarun RSF.

Yaƙin ya fara ƙamari ne a Kordofan, wuri mai muhimmanci wanda ke da arziƙin zinare da ɗanyen man fetur, tun bayan da dakarun gwamnati suka ƙwace iko da babban birnin Sudan a shekarar da ta gabata.

Yaƙi ya rincaɓe ne a tsakiyar kudancin yankin bayan ƙungiyar RSF ta ƙara ƙarfi a yankin Darfur lokacin da ta kama birnin el-Fasher a cikin watan Oktoba.

Ƙwace wurare a jihohin yankin Kordofan zai bai wa RSF damar karɓe iko da mashigar tsakiyar Sudan.

A bara ne RSF ta sanar da kafa gwamnatin adawa, lamarin da ya ƙara munana rarrabuwar kawuna a ƙasar.

Ƙungiyar ta yi hakan ne tare da haɗin gwiwa da sojojin ƙungiyar ƴan tawaye ta Sudan People's Liberation Movement ta arewa (SPLM-N), wadda ke da sansani a Kudancin Kordofan, lamarin da ya ba ta damar amfani da ƙwararrun mayaƙa da ƙarin yankuna da kuma yankunan kan iyaka.

Ƙungiyar SPLM-N ta kwashe gomman shekaru tana yaƙar gwamnatin Sudan, bayan ƙorafi kan zargin danniya ga al'ummar yankunan Nuba da Blue Nile.

To amma a makonnin baya-bayan nan, rundunar sojin Sudan ce ta samu nasarori a yaƙin, inda ta tarwatsa shingen da ƙungiyoyin RSF da SPLM-N da ƙawayensu suka yi wa manyan birane biyu na Kudancin Kordofan.

Ƙungiyoyin da ke sanya ido kan agajin abinci, sun bayyana cewa mamaye biranen Kadugli da kuma Dilling ya haifar da yanayi na ƙangin yunwa.

Tun bayan ƙwace iko da biranen, rundunar sojin Sudan ta tsananta kai hare-hare kan sansanonin ƴan tawaye.

Ƙungiyoyin mayaƙan sun riƙa amfani da jirage marasa matuƙa tun a farko-farkon yaƙin domin gogayya da ƙarfin yaƙin sama na dakarun Sudan.

Rahotanni sun ce sun yi amfani da jirage marasa matuƙa masu cin dogon zango ƙirar ƙasar China, wato CH-95 waɗanda Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa ta samar musu, abin da ƙasar ta musanta.

Dakarun Sudan kuwa na amfani da jirage marasa matuƙa na Baykar, kamfani mafi girma da ke ƙera makamai a Turkiyya.

Gwamnatin Turkiyya ta musanta cewa tana bai wa dakarun Sudan tallafi kai tsaye.

A farkon watan Fabarairu rundunar sojin Sudan ta ce ta lalata jirage marasa matuƙa da bindigogin kakkaɓo jiragen yaki mallakin mayaƙan RSF a yankin Kordofan da kuma Darfur.

Mai magana da yawun rundunar sojin Sudan, Birgediya Janar Asim Awad ya ce sun yi hakan ne "domin raunana dabarun yaƙin sama na RSF".

BBC ba ta iya tantance wani bidiyon da kamfanin dillancin labarai na Sudan ya wallafa ba, amma kafafen yaɗa labaran Turkiyya sun ruwaito cewa jirgi maras matuƙi na Akanci ya lalata garkuwar hare-haren sama na FK-2000 ƙirar China, a Sudan.

"Idan aka lalata garkuwar hare-haren sama ta RSF, ƴanta ƙasar Sudan ya tabbata," in ji masanin tsaro na Turkiyya Yusuf Akbaba, kamar yadda ya wallafa a shafin X.

Kwana biyar bayan haka rundunar sojin Sudan ta sake sanar da lalata garkuwar kariya daga hare-hare ta sama ta ƙungiyar RSF a jihar Yammacin Kordofan.

Da alama naƙasu da aka samu a hanyar da RSF ke samun makamai daga Libya zuwa yankin Kordofan ya taimaka wa dakarun Sudan wajen samun nasara a baya-bayan nan, inda rahotanni suka ce an samu hakan ne ta hanyar amfani da jirage marasa matuƙa na Turkiyya da ake harbawa daga wani ƙaramin filin jirgi na Masar a kan iyaka da Sudan.

Binciken jaridar New York Times da kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters sun nuna cewa Masar ta tsoma hannu sosai cikin yaƙin a cikin watanni shida na baya-bayan nan, sanadiyyar fargabar nasarorin da RSF ta riƙa samu a yankin Darfur.