Afghanistan: Yadda mata ke haihuwa a karkashin mulkin Taliban

Rabia tana rarrashin jaririnta, kwanaki kadan bayan haifarsa a wani karamin asibiti a yankin Nangarhar da ke gabashin Afghanistan. "Wannan ne dana na uku, amma yanayin haihuwarsa ya bambanta. Abin da matukar tashin hankali," a cewarta.

A cikin makonni kadan, sashen haihuwar da Rabia ta haifi danta ya dawo babu komai na bukatar gaggawa a cikinsa. Ba a ba ta wani maganin rage radadi ko abinci ba.

Zafin wajen ya kai digiri 43 a ma'aunin salshiyas - an yanke wutar wajen kuma babu fetur din da za a sanya wa janareto.

"Sai gumi muke yi kamar an watsa mana ruwa," in ji ungozomar da ta karbi haihuwar Rabia Abida, wacce take aiki ba kakkautawa a cikin duhun don ganin an haifi yaron lafiya, ta hanyar haskawa da tocilan din waya.

"Yana daya daga cikin abubuwa masu wahala da na taba fuskanta a rayuwata. Akwai takaici matuka. Amma wannan shi ne halin da muke samun kanmu a ciki duk dare a asibitin tun bayan da Taliban ta kwace iko da kasar."

Tsira da ran da Rabia ta yi a wajen haihuwar na nufin tana cikin masu sa'a. Afghanistan na daga cikin kasashen da ke fuskantar yawan mace-macen yara da mata wajen haihuwa, a cewar Hukumar LAfiya Ta Duniya WHO, inda mata 638 ke mutuwa daga cikin haihuwa 100,000.

Haka abin yake da muni. Duk da haka ci gaban da aka samu a fannin mace-macen jarirai tun bayan shigar dakarun Amurka kasar a 2001 yana sauyawa da gaggawa.

"A yanzu akwai matukar bukata ta gaggawa ta magance matsalar," in ji shugabar Hukumar Kidayar Jama'a ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Natalia Kanem.

UNFPA ta kiyasta cewa idan ba a yi wani taimako na gaggawa ba ga yara da mata , za a iya samun karuwar mace-mace 51,000 wajen haihuwa.

"Cibiyoyin lafiya a matakin farko a fadin Afghanistan suna rushewa... abin takaici yawan mace-macen mata da jarirai a wajen haihuwa zai karu," in ji Dr Wahid Majrooh, wani babban jami'in lafiya da shi kadai ne ministan da ya rage a gwamnatin kasar tun bayan kwace iko da Taliban ta yi a watan da ya gabata. Ya yi alkawarin kawo mafita ga lafiyar 'yan kasar, amma yana fama da matsaloli.

Kasashen duniya sun yanke alaka da kasar wacce ba ta da tashar gabar teku. A lokacin da dakarun kasashen waje suka fara janyewa, kasashen duniya sun yanke ba da tallafi ga kasar bayan hawan Taliban mulki, abin da ya jawo durkushewar tsarin lafiya.

A sashen haihuwar da Abida ta haihu, dakatar da bayar da taimakon kudin kasashen wajen na nufin motocin daukar marassa lafiya sun daina aiki. Babu kudin fetur.

"Shekaranjiya da daddare, wata mata ta fara nakuda inda aka bukaci motar daukar mara lafiya saboda tana cikin matsanancin ciwo. Mun ce mata ta samo tasi, amma ba a samu ba.

"Da ta samu mota daga karshe, lokaci ya kure - a cikin mota ta haihu kuam ta fita hayyacinta tsawon sa'o'i saboda matsanancin ciwo da tsananin zafi.

"Ba mu yi tsammanin za ta rayu ba. Jaririn ma yana cikin mawuyacin hali, kuma ba mu da abin da za mu iya yi musu," in ji Abida.

An yi sa'a jaririyar da matar ta haifa ta rayu. An sallami matar bayan shafe kwana uku tana jinya a asibitin da babu kayan aiki.

"Muna aiki ba dare ba rana don ganin abubuwa sun tafi daidai, amma kuma muna bukatar kudi.

"Ko kafin Taliban ta kwace milkin kasar ma, mace daya ke mutuwa a wajen haihuwa duk bayan awa biyu a Afghanistan," a cewar Dr Kanem ta UNFPA.

UNFPA tana neman dala miliyan 29 a shirinta na fadada neman tallafin dala miliyan 606 don taimaka wa yara da matan Afghanistan, wajen shigar da kayayyakin bukatar lafiya.

UNFPA ta kuma damu kan karuwar barazanar yi wa yara auren wuri da ka iya ci gaba da tabarbarar da halin da ake ciki na mace-mace wajen haihuwa.

Sabbin matakan takaita zirga-zirgar da Taliban ta sanya wa mata na sake durkusar da tsarin lafiyar kasar. A mafi yawan yankuna a Afghanistan, mata sai sun rufe fuskokinsu da niukabi da burka.

Amma babban abin damuwar shi ne rahotannin cewa asibitoci sun fara bai wa mata ma'aikata dama su duba mata marasa lafiya, likita namiji kan duba mace mara lafiya ne kawai a gaban karin mutum biyu ko fiye.

Wata ungozoma da ta nemi a boye sunanta, ta shaida wa BBC cewa Taliban ta yi wa wani likita duka saboda ya duba mace ba tare da kowa a wajen ba.

Ta ce, a wata cibiyar lafiya a gabashin kasar, "idan har likita namiji ba zai iya duba mace ba, to sai dai likitan ya ganta a gaban mutane da dama."

Sannan an umarci mata kar su dinga fita su kadai ba tare da muharrami namiji ba.

"Mijina talaka ne da ke aiki don samun na ciyar da iyali to don me zan matsa masa sai ya raka ni asibiti, me zai min?" a cewar Zarmina, wata mace mai ciki wata biyar a yankin Nangarhar.

Abida ta ce bukatar sai an tafi asibiti da dan rakiya namiji na nufin mata da dama masu ciki kamar Zarmina ba za su iya dinga zuwa awo akai-akai ba, duk da cewa akwai ungozomomi mata.

A karshen watan Agusta, Taliban ta umarci mata ma'aikatan lafiya da su koma bakin aiki, "ana daukar lokaci kafin a yarda da su, don tabbatar da cewa babu wata matsala da za ta taso," in ji Dr Majrooh.

"Komai ya sauya dare daya," a cewar Dr Nabizada, wata likitar mata a Kabul da ta bar aikinta ta tsere daga kasar a lokacin da Taliban ta kwace iko. Sauran tsoffin abokan aikinta ma sun bar Afghanistan.

"Makwabciyata tana da cikin wata takwas kuma tana bukatar a saka ranar yi mata tiyata. Amma wayar likitanta a kashe. Ta shiga cikin damuwa kuma ba ta jin motsin jaririnta."

A yanzu, tsadar kayayyakin da ake bukata a asibiti na nufin sai dai a same su a asibitoci masu zaman kansu kawai kan farashi mai tsada da mafi yawan 'yan kasar ba za su iya saye ba.

"Na ga wata mace mai ciki ta shafe yini guda tana jiran karbar magani a wani asibiti amma haka ta koma gida ba ta samu ba," a cewar Zarmina.

"Na gwammace na haihu a gida da na je asibiti don ko na je ma ba abin da zan samu. Na damu da lafiyar jaririna don lafiyata."

Kusan kashi 54.5 cikin 100 na al'ummar Afghanistan ke zaune cikin talauci, a cewar Bankin Duniya. Mafi yawansu suna yankunan karkara ne.

"Muna fama da al'ummomin da ke cikin tsananin bukata kuma babu kayan aiki a kasa. Muna fuskantar babban bala'i na fannin lafiya," in ji Dr Lodi, da ke duba marasa lafiya a wasu kebabbun kauyuka a gudnumar Herat.

Tun bayan kwace mulki da Taliban ta yi, tawagarsa ta ga tsananin koma bayan da aka samu ta fannin cutar tamowa da karancin jini da lafiyar hankali da matsalolin haihuwa.

Wata mata Lina mai shekara 28 da ke zaune a wani kauye a yankin Herat ta ce: "Kafin Taliban ta kwace mulki, wani asibiti sun gano ina fama da tamowa da rashin jini kuma ina da ciki."

Jim kadan da kwace ikon da Taliban ta yi da yankin, mijinta - wani makiyayi - ya rasa aikinsa.

Rashin kudi da kuma tsoron Taliban ya sa Lina ba ta sake ziyartar asibitin ba har sai da nakuda ta tashi gadan-gadan.

"Mijina ya dauke ni a kan jaki. Wata ungozoma ta karbe ni da kyar ta iya shawo kan yanayin, inda na haifi jaririn da ba shi da cikakkiyar lafiya," in ji ta.

Lina ta ci gaba da zama a gida cikin yanayi marar kyau da rashin kudin kashewa, sannan ba ta da abin da kula da jaririnta.

'Yan Afghan na tsoron cewa tsarin lafiyar kasar na tabarbarewa, kuma mutane marasa galihu kamar masu ciki da masu jego da kananan yara - su abin ya fi shafa.

An sauya sunayen wadanda aka yi hirar da su. Zanen hotuna Elaine Jung