Harin 11 ga Satumba: Abu biyar da aka koya daga hare-haren al-Qaeda na Amurka

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Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, An kai 'yan kungiyar al-Qaeda da dama gidan yarin Guantanamo
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Wadanne darusa, idan akwai, aka koya shekara 20 ana yakar ta'addanci a fadin duniya? Mene ne ya yi aiki kuma mene ne bai yi aiki ba? A yau, yayin da Afghanistan ta sake komawa karkashin mulkin kungiyar da ta kawar da al-Qaeda, shin akwai wayewa sama da safiyar 11 ga watan Satumbar 2011?

Ga Amurkawan da har yanzu ke juyayin harin ta'addanci da ya dimauta kasar, duniya na fuskantar fahimta iri daban-daban masu karo da juna.

Akwai tunanin mutunen kirki da miyagu. "Kowacce kasa, kowanne yanki,"akwai hukuncin da suka yanke kan Shugaba George W Bush, kwanaki 9 bayan harin 9 ga watan Satumba, "yanzu na da hukunci yankewa. Ko kana tare da mu ko kuma kana tare da yan ta'adda".

An kaddamar da wani abu da aka kira 'Yaki da ta'addanci'. Wannan ya kai ga mamaye Afghanistan da Iraq, da bijirowar ISIS da kungiyoyin mayaka da Iran ke marawa baya a sassan gabas ta tsakiya, da mutuwar dubban Dakaru da mata da karin fararen hula.

Ba a kawar da ta'addanci ba - kowacce babbar kasa a nahiyar Turai ta fuskanci hare-hare a shekarun baya-bayanan - sai dai hakan ba yana nufin babu nasarorin da aka gani ba.

Zuwa yanzu dai, babu harin da ake maganarsa kamar na 9 ga watan Satumba.

An tarwatsa cibiyar al.-Qaeda a Afghanistan, shugabanninta an murkushesu a Pakistan.

An fatataki ISIS da suka fitini Syria da Iraqi.

Wadanan jeren bayanai ba a rasa shaku a ciki. Na yi wannan nazarin ne bisa ga abubuwan da na lura da su a tsawon lokacin da na kwashe ina aiki a yankunan Gabas ta tsakiya, Afghanistan, Washington da Guantanamo Bay.

1. Musayar bayanan sirri masu muhimmanci

Akwai satar amsa a wajen amma babu mutumin da ya yi saurin Ankara. Watanni kafin harin 9 ga watan Satumba, Manyan hukumomin leken asirin Amurka biyu, FBI da CIA, suna da masaniya kan kokarin kitsa kai hari.

Amma hamayyar da ke tsakaninsu ya sanya kowa ya boye ko kin bayyana abin da ya sani. Tun lokacin, rahotan da aka kaddamar ya bijiro da kura-kurai da aka tafka da abubuwan da ya kamata a gyara.

Ziyara da na kai ofishin cibiyar dakile hare-hare ta'adanci ta NCTC a Virgina a 2006, An nuna min yadda ma'aikatun Amurka 17 suke tattara bayanansu a kullum.

Burtaniya ta samar da nata cibiyar hadin-gwiwa da ke dauke da gwamman kwararu daga M15, M16, Tsaro da sufuri da Lafiya da sauransu duk wuri guda suke a Landan, suna musayar bayanai a ciki da wajen kasar.

The city of Manchester mourned bombing victims in 2017

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, An yi juyayin kashe mutanen da harin bam ya kashe a Manchester a 2017

Sai dai tsarin ba mai jajircewa ba ne. Shekara biyu bayan kafa wannan hadin-gwiwa al-Qaeda ta kai hari ranar 7 ga watan 7 a Landan, ta yi amfani da 'yan kasar Burtaniya wajen kashe sama da mutane 50. Sannan bayan bayan shekara ta zagayo an dakile harin bam da aka so kai wa da taimakon wani dan Pakistan da Burtaniya zai fi shafa a 2017 da kuma harin Manchester.

Don haka kwarewa wajen tattarawa da musayar bayana-sirri na iya fuskantar cikas ko gazawa idan aka samu matsala wajen yanke hukunci da ya dace.

A shekara ta 2015 aka kai harin Bataclan a birnin Paris, wanda ya yi ajalin mutuum 130 kuma har yanzu ana kan shari'a, duk wannan na nuna gazawar mahukuntan Turai wajen tattara bayanan sirri.

Bayanan bidiyo, Harin 11 ga watan Satumba: Minti 102 da suka sauya Amurka da duniya

2. Bayanan shirin da kin yarda da dauke hankali

Daga cikin dalilai da dama kan abin da ya sa Afghanistan ta koma karkashin mulkin Taliban, Abu guda ke bayyane: Amurka ta jagoranci mamaya a Iraqi a 2003. Wannan shawara ta kasance abin da yanzu haka ko akubar da Afghanistan ta tsinci kan ta a yau.

Dakarun Amurka da Burtaniya, da ke yakar al.-Qaeda da aiki tare da abokansu na Afghanistan a wata hadin-gwiwar yakar mayakan Taliban, an janyesu tare da tura su Iraqi.

Wannan ya baiwa Taliban da sauran kungiyoyin mayaka sake samun damar karfafa kanasu da dawowa da karfinsu.

A Nuwamba 2003, lokacin da na ziyarci sansanin Amurka da ke lardin Paktika a Afghanistan, Amurkawa na korafe-korafe kan ayyukan dakarunsu da shaida cewa karara take kan ayyukansu.

Kuma a kokarin da suka yi wannan lokaci sun yi nasara fatatakarsu tare da al-Qaeda. Sai dai a shekarun da suka biyo baya abubuwan sun rinka sauyawa.

3. Zabin abokan hulda cikin tsanake

Hadin-gwiwar Burtaniya da kawayenta na kut da kut, Amurka a shekara ta 2003 ta kutsa Iraqi wanda ke nufin Burtaniya karamar abokiyar hulda ce a dukkanin manyan shawarwari da suka biyo baya.

Sakamakon ya kasance babban bala'I tsakanin sabbin da tsoffin dakarun Iraqi da ma'aikatan lekesn asiri da ke da tsatsauran ra'ayi. Su suka shiga ISIS.

Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da suka kai ga harin 9 ga watan Satumba daga bisani kuma aka samu hadin-kai tsakanin dakarun Amurka da Burtaniya.

Misali, bayan kifar da gwamnatin Kanar Gaddafi an samu wata wasika da 'yan jarida suka gano daga hukumar MI6 da abokan huldarsy na Libya, said ai hakan bai sauya komai ba, kuma a yau kowa ya san mawuyancin halin da ake ciki a Afirka.

Bayanan bidiyo, Bidiyo: Sojan Amurka na ƙarshe da ya fita daga Afghanistan

4. 'Yancin hakkin bil adama ko rashin tarbiyya

Sau da dama mazauna gabas ta tsakiya sun sha shaidamun cewa: "Ba lallai sai mun nuna muna son tsarin harkokin ketaren Amurka ba, amma muna bin umarni da dokikinta. Kafin Guantanamo Bay."

Ana kwashe mutane da basu da laifi - har da farar hula da ake tsangwama babu dalili ana tafiyar dogon zagon fuskokinsu rufe har zuwa wajen da Amurka ke garkame mutane a Cuba da ke tafka ta'asa ga Amurka da kima kasahen yamma.

US troops in Afghanistan in 2003

Asalin hoton, Frank Gardner

Bayanan hoto, Dakarun Amurka sun yi nasarar fin karfin kungiyoyin al-Qaeda da Taliban daga Afghanistan in 2001

Afghanistan a shekara ta 2001, me ya jefa mu a yaki?

Tsare mutane ba tare da shari'a ba tsari ne da ake gani a mulkin kama karya. Wanda Larabawa basu taba tsanmani ba daga Amurka.

Abin takaici shi ne ganin yadda manyan masu laifi ko 'yan ta;adda da ake kamewa daga baya a ce babu labarinsu. Gwamnatin Obama ta dakile hakan amma n agama ya gama.

5. Tsara Shirin tsira

Martanin kasahen yamma da ya biyo bayan harin 9 ga watan Satumba ya yi gaggawa. Kowa ya san abin da faru a Saliyo da Kosovo a 1991.

Harin da dakaru suka kai karkashin jagorancin Amurka a Afghanistan da kuma daga baya Iraqi ya haifar da sakamakon da ake kira 'yaki ta har abada'.

Cikin masu hannu a lamuran da suka faru a 2001 ko 2003 babu wanda ya taba tunanin za su tsinci kansu a halin da suke ciki a yanzu bayan shekara 20.

Abu nem ai sauki sanin cewa kasashen yamma basu fahimci abin da suka shigar da kansu ciki ba kuma babu shirin tsira da suka tanada.

Babu shaka da a ce kasashen yamma ba su nuna sakaci kan Taliban da al-Qaeda a Afghanistan a 2001, da hare-haren da suka biyo baya ba zasu auku ba.

Shirin su na yakar ta'addanci ba mai gazawa ba ne ka wai hanyoyin da aka bi ne suka kasance cikas ko basu kammalu ba.

A yau abin da mutane ke tunawa shi ne irin rububin da yan Afghanistan suka rinka yi na tserewa daga kasar bayan sake mamayar Taliban a wannan Karon.