Osama bin Laden: Yadda rayuwarsa ta sauya daga yaro mai alkunya zuwa ɗaukar makami

An haifi Osama bin Laden a kasar Saudiyya, shekaru 69 da suka gabata kenan, a ranar 10 ga watan Maris, 1957. Ko a wajen 'yan‘uwa da abokan arziki, ya kasance yaro ne "mai kunya shiru-shiru" tun yana ƙarami. Sai dai ya samu karɓuwa a duniya da kuma shahara bayan harin da aka kai wa Amurka a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba a shekara ta 2001, inda ya zama ɗan ta'adda da ake nema ruwa a jallo a duniya, kuma shugaban kungiyar masu tsattsauran ra’ayi ta Al-Qaeda.

An kashe Osama bin Laden ne a wani farmakin soja da Amurka ta kai a garin Abbottabad na Pakistan a shekara ta 2011, shekaru goma bayan harin da ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutane kusan 3,000.

A cikin wannan labarin, mun yi ƙoƙarin nazarin bangarori daban-daban na halayen Osama bin Laden bisa la'akari da kalaman da ɗansa, da abokansa, da kwamandojin mayaƙan Afghanistan suka yi a baya, don gano yadda ya sauya daga yaro mai natsuwa, zuwa wanda ake nema ruwa a jallo a duniya.

"Akwai wahala zama ɗa ga Osama"

Omar bin Laden, ɗan Osama bin Laden da ke zaune a Qatar, ya faɗa a wata hira da BBC Urdu cewa mahaifinsa ya kasance irin "iyayen da ne".

"Mutum ne mai tawali'u, amma wani lokacin yakan fusata sosai, kuma yana da tsanani sosai, saboda yanayin rayuwarsa na da matuƙar wahala. Yana buƙatar sanin komai, shi ya sa nake ganin ya kasance uba mai tsauri a wasu lokutan."

Omar bin Laden ya ce ba a fara ayyana neman mahaifinsa ba sai a shekarun 1990, inda ya ce "ba shi da wata alaka da iyalansa da suka zauna a Saudiyya bayan yakin Soviet. Su (dangin bin Laden) sun yi ƙoƙarin kauce wa duk wata matsala da sarkin Saudiyya ko kuma na gidan sarauta."

Omar bin Laden ya zauna tare da Osama bin Laden a lokacin da yake Afghanistan. Ya ce ya bar Afghanistan tare da mahaifiyarsa, Najwa Ghanem, kafin harin 11 ga Satumba.

Omar bin Laden ya ce: "Ban ji dadin ƙaddamar da yaƙi da Amurka ba. Ban amince da waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba, don haka na yanke shawarar zuwa na nemi izinin mahaifina, bai so in tafi ba, amma daga karshe ya ƙyale ni."

"Yana da matukar wahala ake kai ne ɗan Osama bin Laden. Har yanzu mutane suna tsoron alaƙar mu," in ji Omar.

Da aka tambaye shi game da harin na ranar 11 ga watan Satumba, Omar bin Laden ya ce: "Ba mu yi mamaki ba, domin mun daɗe da sanin cewa mahaifina yana son kai hari kan Amurka da cibiyoyinta, kuma ya daɗe yana magana a kai."

"Mu ma mun yi ta mamaki kamar yadda kowa ya yi; tunaninmu iri ɗaya ne. Fararen hula ne suka mutu (saboda harin 9/11)."

Yaro mai alkunya da aka "canza masa tunani" a jami'a

A shekara ta 1971 ne wannan yaro ɗan kasar Saudiyya ya tafi birnin Oxford na kasar Ingila, yana da kimanin shekara 14, domin karantar harsuna. Yaron dai na ɗaya daga cikin iyalan manyan attajirai a Saudiyya, dangin da ke da alaƙa ta ƙut da ƙut da gidan sarautar Saudiyya.

Wata 'yar ƙasar Sifaniya da ta haɗu da Osama bin Laden da wasu 'yan uwansa biyu bayan shekaru da dama, ta bayyana ganawar ta da shi a matsayin "Yaro mai kamala duk da ƙanƙantar shekarunsa", amma da alama ba ya da sha'awar harkokin siyasa ko addini.

Mahaifin Osama Bin Laden, Mohammed bin Laden, shi ne mamallakin wani fitaccen kamfanin gine-gine kuma ana yi masa kallon ɗaya daga cikin attajirai a Saudiyya. Bayan mutuwar mahaifinsu a wani hatsarin jirgi a shekarar 1968, Osama bin Laden da ƴan'uwansa sun gaji tarin dukiyar da aka kiyasta yawanta ta kusan dala miliyan 250.

Wani shirin BBC mai suna "Na haɗu da Osama", wanda aka gabatar a shekarar 2002, ya yi hira da mutane da dama da suka san Osama bin Laden lokacin yana ƙarami.

Brian Fifield-Shyler, malamin Turanci a wata makarantar sakandare mai zaman kanta da ke Jeddah, ya ce yana da jin kunya kuma ba ya son magana. "Sauran yaran (Saudiyya) suna yawan ce min in musulunta, amma Osama ba ya cikinsu, ba kowa ya san shi a cikin aji ba," in ji shi.

Sun ce, Osama ba shi da matsala wajen koyon Turanci, amma a zahiri yana da ɗabi'u na tsaurin addini.

Malamin turancin ya ce, da yawa daga cikin ƴan'uwan Osama sun yi karatu ne a ƙasashen waje kuma sun rungumi salon rayuwar Turawa, amma Osama ba ya cikin su.

Osama ya yi karatun jami'a a birnin Jeddah, inda ya fara haduwa da malaman addinin Musulunci masu tsaurin ra'ayi.

Osama bin Laden dai ɗalibi ne da ke karatun Injiniyanci a Jami'ar Sarki Abdulaziz, inda a nan ne ya haɗu da ɗalibai da malamai waɗanda ake ganin masu tsattsauran ra'ayi ne, waɗanda suka fara sauya masa tunani tun yana ɗalibi.

Mahaifiyar Osama Bin Laden, Alia Ghanem, ta fara fitowa ne a bainar jama'a a shekarar 2018. Ta shaida wa jaridar The Guardian cewa Osama ya samu tsattsauran ra'ayi ne a lokacin da yake karatu a jami'ar Sarki Abdulaziz da ke Jeddah. "Mutane a jami'ar sun canza shi; ya sauya kwata-kwata," in ji ta.

Rayuwarsa a Afghanistan da yadda ya ɗauki makami

A shekarun 1980, Osama bin Laden ya tafi Afghanistan don yaƙi da Tarayyar Soviet. Mahaifiyarsa, Ayla Ghanem, ta ce "ya kashe duka kuɗinsa a Afghanistan, inda ya tafi da sunan zai yi kasuwanci."

Osama bin Laden shi yake ɗaukar nauyin mayaƙa da dukiyarsa, amma da yawa daga cikin kwamandojin ba su san da haka ba.

A cikin wani shirin BBC a kan Bin Laden da ya yi nazari kan harin 9/11, tsohon ɗan gwagwarmaya Abdullah Anas ya ce Osama bin Laden ya kuma yi hayar wasu injiniyoyi daga kamfanin gine-ginen na ahalinsa da ke Jeddah zuwa Afghanistan.

Shi ma tsohon abokinsa kuma jagoran yaƙi a Afghanistan, Osam Daraz, ya yi mamakin yadda attajiri irin wannan zai cusa kansa cikin yaƙi.

Kwamandan mujahidan a Afghanistan, Syed Wahid, ya ce a cikin shekarun 1980, "wasu Larabawa 12 suka fara fara yaƙi, daya daga cikinsu kuma sunansa Osama, yana tare da mu na tsawon watanni. Ba zan iya tunawa daidai ba, amma zai iya kaiwa watanni shida zuwa takwas, ya kasance a cikinmu kamar yadda kowane mayaƙi yake."

"Dole ta sa muke ɗaga wa Larabawa ƙafa. Suna da matsala, saboda ba su san yada ake faɗa ba."

Syed Wahid, wanda ake yi wa lakabi da "Nard", shi ma ya shaida wa shirin BBC na Bin Laden kan harin 9/11 cewa, da farko shugaban mujahidan "ba ya son ɗaukar matasan Larabawa kwata-kwata."

A shekarunsa na farko da ya yi a Afganistan, Osama bin Laden ya yi aiki a matsayin direban buldoza a wasu ayyukan gine-gine na mayaƙan jihadin. Ya koyi wannan aikin ne a kamfanin gine-ginen ahalinsu kafin komawarsa Afghanistan.

Tsohon mayaƙin jihadi, Abdullah Anas, ya ce ya taɓa ganin Osama na tuƙa buldoza a yayin da suke wata tafiya zuwa arewacin ƙasar.

Da suka tambayi Osama "me kake yi?" Osama ya shaida musu cewa: "Ya kamata mu gina wa masu jihadi hanyoyi, mu gina asibitoci a cikin kogo da duwatsu."

Kwamandan mujahidan na Afghanistan, Syed Wahid Yar, ya ce rashin hanyoyin mota ita ce babbar matsalar, domin kuwa masu jihadin ba za su iya zuwa ko ina ba.

Syed Wahid Yar ya ce masu jihadin sun dauka Osama mayaƙi ne daga gidan talakawa, "kuma ba mu taba tunanin cewa Osama ne ke biyan kuɗin da ake aikin nan ba, mun ɗauka wani ne ke ɗaukar nauyin abubuwan, suna taimakawa ne kawai.

Amma bayan shafe tsawon lokaci a Afghanistan, Osama ya kuma samu horo kan sarrafa bindigogi kuma ya fara amfani da bindiga ƙirar AK-47 Kalashnikov don yin yaƙi.

Syed Wahid Yar ya ce da farko bai san komai ba game da makamai, yadda ake amfani da Kalashnikov ko kuma yadda ake harbi. "Amma Osama yana ɗaukar mu a matsayin malamansa da suke ba shi horon yadda ake jihadi da yaƙi."

"Suna bin mu a hankali kuma suna koyon yadda ake amfani da makamai. Bayan sun ƙware, sai muka fara zuwa yaƙi da su," in ji shi.

Har ila yau kwamandan masu jihadin na Afghanistan ɗin ya ce: "Idan ana wani yaƙin, sai mun riƙa yi muna ce musu su duƙa, ko kuma a harbe su, sun kasa kwantwar da kansu. A fusace nake cewa "ku zauna! Sannan su zauna."

Ya ce, Osama bin Laden siriri ne kuma dogo, amma "ba ya fargabar a harbe shi".

Abdullah Anas ya ce: "daga ƙarshe Osama ya canza daga mai aikin sa kai zuwa mayaƙi"

Abokai da ƴan'uwan Osama na tsoron aƙidunsa

Khalid Batrafi, abokin Osama bin Laden a lokacin suna yara, ya yi amannar cewa: "Mutane suna tunanin cewa idan wani yana da kyawawan halayya a farkon rayuwarsu, zai ci gaba da kasancewa a haka har ƙarshen rayuwarsu. Mutane na ganin ko dai a haifi mutum a matsayin ɗan ta'adda ko kuma salihi. Amma ba haka lamarin yake ba."

Ya bayyana wa BBC cewa: "Mutane suna canzawa, kuma yaƙi yana canza mutane."

"Abin da ya faru da Osama kenan."

Osama ya tasirantu sosai da miyagun aƙidu da tattsauran ra'ayi irin na Ayman al-Zawahiri (wanda shi ne shugaban al-ƙa'ida, kuma magajin Osama). Lokacin da al-ƙa'ida suka kafa rundunar jihadi, Osama ya taka muhimmiyar rawa.

Lokacin da bin Laden ya koma Saudiyya bayan yaƙin Soviet a Afghanistan, hankalinsa bai natsu da ci gaba da rayuwar gama garin mutane ba.

Shugaban hukumar leƙen asirin Saudiyya, Yarima Turki al-Faisal, ya tuna cewa Osama ya taɓa buƙatar shi da ya yi amfani da mayaƙan jihadi wajen hamɓarar da gwamnatin Yemen mai maƙwabtaka. Turki al-Faisal ya ce ya yi mamaki.

"A lokacin ne na gane cewa wannan saurayi mai kunya, mai shiru-shiru ya canza," in ji shi.

A shekarar 1991, Osama ya bar Saudiyya ya koma Sudan. A can ne ya yi hira da ɗanjaridar Amurka Scott McLeod.

McLeod ya ce: "Suna cewa wannan yariman wawa ne, wannan basaraken ya ba ni dariya, wannan rigima ce ta cikin gida da batun siyasa."

Yaƙin Osama bin Laden bai tsaya ga iyalan gidan sarautar Saudiyya kaɗai ba. An ƙwace masa takardar zama dan ƙasar Saudiyya, aka kuma tura shi hijira zuwa Sudan. Ya zama zai iya komawa Afghanistan ne kawai, inda yake aiwatar da shirinsa na jihadin a duniya.

Shekaru huɗu kafin harin na 1 ga Satumba, ya shaida wa ɗanjaridar Birtaniya Robert Fisk cewa: "Ina roƙon Allah Ya ba mu ikon mayar da Amurka ƙarƙashin inuwarsa."

Duk da cewa an kwashe shekaru da dama tun bayan da aka kashe Osama bin Laden a wani hari da Amurka ta kai a Abbottabad a shekara ta 2011, damuwar da ɗansa Omar bin Laden ke fuskanta ba su kau ba.

Yace: "Yana da matukar wahala ka zama dan Osama bin Laden. Har yanzu mutane suna tsoron hulɗa da mu."