Sojojin Nato za su bar Afghanistan bayan kulla yarjejeniya

Amurka da kungiyar Taliban sun sanya hannu a kan yarjejeniyar da za ta ba da damar kawo zaman lafiya a Afghanistan bayan shafe shekara 18 ana yaki a kasar.

Amurka da kungiyar tsaro ta Nato sun amince su kwashe sojojin da suka jibge a Afghanistan idan har kungiyar Taliban bata saba wa yarjejeniyar da aka kulla da ita ba.

Wata sanarwar hadin gwiwar da gwamnatocin Amurka da Afghanistan suka fitar ta ce dakarun Amurka da Nato za su fice daga Afghanistan a cikin wata 14.

A ranar Asabar 29 ga wata Fabrairu 2020 ne Amurka da Taliban suka rattaba hannu a kan yarjejeniyar a birnin Doha na kasar Qatar.

Sakataren Harkokin Wajen Amurka Mike Pompeo da shugabannin Taliban sun halarci sanya hannun kuma wakilan bangarorin za su ci gaba da tattunawa daga baya.

Me yarjejeniyar ta kunsa?

A karkashin yarjejeniyar ta Doha, Taliban ba za bari mayakan al-Qaeda ko wata kungiyar tayar da kayar baya su yi motsi a yankunan da ke karkashin ikonta ba.

Sanarwar da Amurka da Afghanistan suka fitar ta ce: "Kasashen kawance za su gama kwashe ragowar sojojinsu daga Afghanistan cikin wata 14, daga lokacin da aka kulla yarjejeniyar tsakanin Amurka da Taliban ...bisa sharadin Taliban ta cika nata bangaren yarjejeniyar".

Amurka ta fara shiga Afghanitan ne makonni kadan bayan harin da kungiyar al-Qaeda da ke Afghanistan ta kai mata a ranar 11 ga watan Satumban 2001.

An kashe sojojin Amurka 2,400 tun bayan zuwansu Afghanistan, inda har yanzu akwai sauran dakarun Amurka guda 12,000.

Shugaban Amurka Donald Trump ya yi alkawarin kawo karshen yakin na Afghanistan.

Muhimmin al'amari cike da rashin tabbas

An dade ana kokarin kulla wannan gagarumin yarjejeniyar, yayin da bangarorin ke ta kokarin samun galaba a kan juna a fagen yaki.

Jarjejeniyar ta samo asali ne daga kokarin Amurka na mayar da sojojinta gida da kuma fahimtar wasu 'yan Taliban na cewa sulhu ita ce hanyar da za ta ba su damar komawa Afghanistan.

Muhimmin mataki ne duk da cewa akwai rashin tabbas da rashin natsuwa game da sakamakon da hakan zai haifar. Kasancewar babu wani zabi game da yakin da ya ki ci ya ki cinyewa, wasu 'yan kasar sun gwammace a samu zaman lafiya a kasar.

Shugabannin Taliban sun ce sun sauya daga tsattsauran tsarinsu na shekarun 1990 wanda yawancin 'yan kasar musamman mata ba za su manta ba.

Wannan yarjejeniyar za ta zama zakaran gwajin dafi a kan Taliban da tsoffin shugabannin kasar da kuma wadanda aka samu a tsawon shekaru kusan 20 masu nufin bude sabon babi a tarihin kasar.

Sanarwar da Amurka da Afghanistan suka fitar ta ce: "Kasashen kawance za su gama kwashe ragowar sojojinsu daga Afghanistan cikin wata 14, daga lokacin da aka kulla yarjejeniyar tsakanin Amurka da Taliban ...bisa sharadin Taliban ta cika nata bangaren yarjejeniyar".

A shekarar 2001 ne Amurka ta fara jibge dakarunta a Afghanistan bayan hare-haren ranar 11 ga watan Satumba da kungiyar al-Qa'eda ta kai a Amurka.

An kashe sojojin Amurka 2,400 tun bayan zuwansu Afghanistan, inda har yanzu akwai sauran dakarun Amurka guda 12,000.

Shugaban Amurka Donald Trump ya yi alkawarin kawo karshen yakin na Afghanistan.

Yaya Taliban da Amurka suka fara tattauwana?

Tun a shekarar 2011, Qatar ke karbar bakuncin shugabannin Taliban da suka koma kasarta domin tattauna batun kawo zaman lafiya a Afghanistan.

Yunkurin ya yi ta samun tsaiko. A 2013 an bude ofishin Taliban, amma aka rufe shi saboda cacar baki game da sanya tutoci, lamarin da ya kawo cikas ga tattaunawar.

A watan Disamban 2018, Taliban ta sanar da cewa za ta gana da jami'an gwamnatin Amurka domin "lalubo hanyar zaman lafiya".

Sai dai kungiyar ta sha kin amincewa ta tattauna da jami'an gwamnatin Afghanistan saboda zarginsu da zama "karnukan farautan" Amurka.

Cimma matsaya

Bayan tattauna sau tara tsakanin Taliban da Amurka a Qatar, da alama bangarorin sun kusa samun daidaito.

A watan Satumbar 2019, babban mai shiga tsakani na gwamnatin Amurka ya ce kasarsa za ta janye soja 5,400 daga Afghanistan cikin mako 20 a matsayin alkawarin fahimtar juna da suka yi wa Taliban.

Kwanaki kadan bayan nan, Shugaba Trump ya ce tattaunawar "ta rushe", saboda mayakan Taliban sun kashe wani sojan Amuka. Amma cikin mako biyu, bangarorin suka ci gaba da tattauna a sirrance.

A makon da ya gabata Taliban ta amince da "rage kai hare-hare" - sai dai hukumomin Afghanistan sun ce mayakan kungiyar sun kashe soja 22 da fararen hula 14 a dan tsakanin.

Me ya haddasa yakin Afghanistan?

Yakin Afghanistan ya fara ne bayan Amurka ta fara kai hare-haren sama a kasar wata daya bayan harin ranar 11 ga watan Satumbar 2001 da aka kai Amurka.

Hakan na zuwa ne bayan gwamnatin Taliban a Afghanistan - a wannan lokacin - ta ki mika wa Amurkar mutumin da ake zargin ya shirya harin, wato Osama bin Laden.

Amurka ta samu goyon bayan kawayenta inda cikin dan lokaci suka kawar da mulkin gwamantin Taliban a Afghanistan.

Hakan ya sa Taliban ta zama 'yar tayar da kayar baya, tare da kai munanan hare-haren da suka hana gwamnatocin da suka biyo baya sakat.

Aikin rundunar kawancen kasashen ta kammala aikinta a 2014, amma ta ci gaba da zama domin horas da sojojin Afghanistan.

Amma sojojin Amurka sun ci gaba da zama tare gudanar da ayyukan soji ciki har da kai hare-hare sama a Afghanistan.

Duk da haka mayakan Taliban sun ci gaba samun tagomashi. A 2017 BBC ta gano cewa Taliban na da tasiri a kashi 70 na Afghanistan.

Soja sama da 3,500 daga rundunar kawancen kasashe ne suka mutu tun bayan fara mamayar Afghanistan a 2001.

Da wuya a iya gane yawan fararen hula da sojojin gwamnati da mayakan sa kai 'yan Afghanistan da suka mutu a rikicin.

Rahoto Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na watan Fabrairun 2019 ya ce an kashe fararen hula fiye da 32,000 a yakin Afghanistan.

Cibiyar bincike ta Watson Institute da ke Jami'ar Brown kuma ta ce an kashe jami'an tsaro 58,000 da mayaka 42,000 a yakin.

Su wane ne 'yan Taliban?

Taliban, wato "dalibai" da harshen Pashto, sun samo asali ne daga rikicin da ya biyo bayan janyewar sojojin Tarayyar Soviet a shekarar 1989.

A shekarar 1996 'yan Taliban sun kwace iko da birnin Kabul sannan suka ci gaba da gudanar da mafi yawan kasar Afghanistan, bisa tsarin shari'ar Musulunci mai tsanani.

Kafin a hambarar da su, gwamantin Taliban ta haramta kallon talbijin da gidajen kallo da sauraron kade-kade. Sun kuma tsaurara tsarin karatun mata sannan suka rika zartar da hukunci mai tsanani.

Mullah Omar shi ne shugaban Taliban bayan hambarar da gwamnatinsu, kafin rasuwarsa a 2013. Kungiyar ba ta sanar da mutuwar Mullah Omar ba sai bayan shekara biyu.

Shugaban kuniygar na yanzu shi ne Mawlawi Hibatullah Akhundzada.