Yadda arziƙin man fetur ya jefa yankin Ogoni na Najeriya cikin 'ƙunci'

A can al'ummar K-Dere a yankin Ogoni, da ke yankin Neja Delta a kudancin Najeriya, wata tashar hada-hadar man fetur ce ke yashe, ta dauna aiki.

An daina amfani da tashar tsawon shekara 30.

Mitoci kaɗan nesa da wurin, taraktoci ne mallakin hukumar da aka ɗora wa alhakin share dagwalon mai da ya mamaye yankin - ke aikin share abubuwan gurɓata muhalli.

Wata manomiya, Ledisi Nomkia, ta nuna shukar rogo da bai yi kyau ba wanda ta ce sanadiyyar gurɓacewar muhalli ne da malalar mai ya haddasa.

"Kafin malalar mai ya ɓata komai, mu ke samar da tuwon gari mafi kyau," in ji ta.

"Idan ka shuka rogo, za ka iya girban abin da za ka ci da kuma sayarwa. Amma komai ya tafi a yanzu, kana buƙatar taki mai yawa kafin samun shuka mai kyau. A baya muna shuka doya, gwoza da kuma kankana sai dai ba za mu iya haka ba a yanzu," in ji ta.

Yanzu tsawon shekara 30 kenan da aka kashe wasu ƴan gwagwarmayar tara da ke fafutukar ceto yankin Ogoni, wani lamari da ya janyo hankali a faɗin duniya.

An fi sanin ƙungiyar ƴan gwagwarmayar wanda Ken Saro-Wiwa ke jagoranta, da shirya zanga-zanga kan adawa da gurɓata muhalli wanda da kamfanin Shell ya yi, wanda ya kasance yana haƙar mai daga yankin tun shekarun 1950.

Masu fafutukar sun ce malalar mai ya lalata gonaki da kuma yanki da ke gaɓar ruwa, abin da ya sa ba shi da kyawun zama.

An kama Ledum Mitee, wanda ya kasance lauya da kuma mataimakin Ken Saro-Wiwa a ƙungiyar fafatukar ceto yankin Ogoni da yi masa shari'a tare da wasu wasu ƴan Ogoni tara, sai dai ya tsallake hukuncin kisa saboda ba a same shi da laifi ba.

"Mun kafa ƙungiyar MOSOP domin samarwa ƴan Ogoni adalci da kuma gyara musu muhalli," in ji shi.

"Lokacin da aka ci gaba da haka a karkashin mulkin sojoji, abubuwa da yawa sun faru, an kashe mutane da dama."

Waɗanda suka mutu sun kunshi shugabannin Ogoni huɗu waɗanda suka yi adawa da fafutukar Mosop - waɗanda aka yi wa kisan wulakanci a shekara ta 1994.

Duk da irin damuwa da ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin ɗan'adam suka nuna kan shari'ar, an rataye Ken Saro-Wiwa da wasu ƴan gwagwarmaya takwas saboda laifin da suka aikata a watan Nuwambar 1995.

A watan da ya gabata, yayin da ake cika shekara 30 da kashe mutanen, shugaba Bola Tinubu ya yi wa "ƴan gwagwarmayar Ogoni tara" da kuma "shugabannin Ogoni huɗu" afuwa a bayansu.

Matakin na zuwa ne yayin da gwamnatin tarayya ke duba yiwuwar komawa haƙar mai, shekara 30 bayan kashe-kashen sun jefa yankin cikin rikici.

Gwamnatin Najeriya ta fito fili ta bayyana cewa tana duba yankin Ogoni a matsayin wurin haƙar mai ganga miliyan 1.8 a rana a karshen 2025, kuma ganga miliyan uku a rana zuwa shekara 2030.

Sai dai, mai bai wa shugaban ƙasa shawara kan harkar tsaro Malam Nuhu Ribadu ya ce manufar yin afuwar ita ce yin sulhu.

"Ɗaya daga cikin babbar matsala da muke fuskanta a matsayin ƙasa ita ce ta yankin Ogoni da ya janyo rikici, rashin tsaro da ya addabi mutane da muhallansu," in ji shi.

"Da zuwan shugaba Tinubu, ya ce yanzu lokaci ne na manta komai da kuma yin sulhu da mutane.

"Ba wa muna haka don mayar da hankali kan haƙar mai ba, muna yi ne don samar da sulhu da kuma kyautata rayuwar mutanen," in ji Ribadu.

'Albarka da kuma abu mara kyau'

Gurɓacewar ƙasa da kuma shuka sakamakon mai - alama ta ƙarin gurɓacewar muhalli - wani abu ne da ake ci gaba da gani a faɗin yankin Ogoni.

"Mai da ke cikin wannan al'umma albarka ce da Allah ya kawo mana amma tun bayan faruwar wannan al'amari, ban san ko zan kira shi da albarka ko mara kyau ba," a cewar tsohuwar manomiya Ledisi Nomkia.

Shi ma wani mai sana'ar kama kifi, Birabi Nenage mai shekara 59, ya ce mai da ke cikin ruwa ya janyo sai ya yi su nisa cikin ruwa kafin ya kama kifi.

"Malalar mai ya lalata albarkatu har zuwa cikin kogin Bonny," in ji shi.

"Tun wancan lokaci zuwa yanzu, mu masu kamun kifi na shan wahala, babu sauran kifaye a nan. Ba mu iya biyan kuɗin makarantar ƴaƴanmu, ba mu iya sayan abinci da za mu ci. Ruwan ya gurɓace a yanzu, kuma kuraje sun cika min jiki."

K-Dere ba ita ce al'umma ɗaya tilo da ke fama da mummunan tasirin malalar mai.

A 2008 gagarumar malalar mai daga bututan kamfanin Shell ya ɗaidaita al'ummar Bodo.

A shekara ta 2014, Shell ya shirya da al'ummar a ɗaya daga cikin shari'o'i da dama da aka shigar da kamfanin kan zargin malalar mai da kuma lalata muhalli a yankin Neja Delta.

Sai dai, kamfanin ya sha musanta aikata ba daidai ba, inda ya ce batun gurɓacewar muhalli ya faru ne sakamakon masu zagon ƙasa da kuma "yawaitar satar ɗanyen mai da hakar ma'adinai ba bisa ka'ida ba" abin da ya ce ba shi da alhaki a kai.

A 2021 wata kotu a Netherland ta bai wa Shell umarnin biyan manoma diyya saboda haddasa malalar mai a gonaki da yawa da kuma ruwan kamun kifi a Neja Delta.

Kamfanin ya amince ya biya sama da dala miliyan ɗari.

Har zuwa yau masunta irinsu Gbea Kpanbari na ci gaba da ƙaurace wa kogin saboda malalar mai a cikinsa.

"Duka albarkatun da ke cikin ruwan sun mutu sannan lokacin da muka yi tafiya zuwa wata ƙaramar hukuma irin Bonny don kama kifi, lamarin ya janyo rikici," in ji shi.

"Akwai buƙatar ƙara ƙaimi"

A 2011, rahoton shirin kula da muhalli na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ya bayyana cewa za a iya share dangwalon da mai ya haddasa a yankin Ogoni, amma aikin zai ɗauki shekara 25 zuwa 30.

Duba da wancan rahoto, gwamnatin Najeriya karkashin shugaba Muhammadu Buhari, ta fitar da kuɗi dala biliyan ɗaya domin aikin share yankin da mayar da shi kan daidai a 2017.

Sai dai kusan shekara goma bayan nan, mazauna yankin da kuma masu fafutukar kare muhalli sun soki batun ƙoƙarin share dagwalon mai saboda tafiyar hawainiya.

Amma mai bai wa shugaban ƙasa shawara kan harkar tsaro Malam Nuhu Ribadu, ya ce an kusa kammala aikin.

"Yanzu haka, akwai wurare 65 da ake share wa. Share wa da kuma mayar da wurin yanda ya kamata ya kasance. Akwai ayyukan samar da ruwa 14... wannan gwamnati ta kafa asibiti domin shawo kan matsaloli da lamarin ya haddasa musamman kan lafiya," in ji shi.

Ribadu ya ce za a kirkiro da Jami'ar Muhalli da kuma shirin mayar da tsirrai.

"Yanzu duniya baki ɗaya na zuwa yankin Ogoni domin ganin yadda aikin ke tafiya," in ji shi.

Sai dai Celestine Akpobari, wadda ta yi fafutukar ganin an kare muhalli daga gurɓata a tsawon gomman shekaru, ta ce akwia buƙatar ƙara ƙaimi.

"Akwai fafutukar da ake yi," in ji ta.

"Idan suna barin kamfanonin mai na shiga da sunan sayar da kadara ko zuba jari, ba su tunani kan gurɓacewar muhalli da ya addabi rayuwar mutane."