Me ya sa yankin Donetsk ke da matuƙar muhimmanci ga tsaron Ukraine?

Wani muhimmin abin da ya fi ɗaukar hankali daga taron da aka gudanar a Alaska shi ne cewa shugaban ƙasar Rasha Vladimir Putin ya ce yana son a yakin da ake yi a Ukraine a daidai gaɓar da ake a halin yanzu idan har aka sallamar masa da iko kan sauran yankunan Donestk.

Kasar Rasha ce ke riƙe da kusan kashi 70% na yankin (Oblast), ciki har da babban birnin yankin, bayan shafe fiye da shekaru goma ana gwabza fada inda Donetsk da makwabciyarta Luhansk suka kasance manyan cibiyoyin yaƙin.

Idan Rasha ta samu iko da dukkan Donetsk za ta tabbatar da iƙirarin da ta ke da shi na mallakar yankin, wanda ƙasashen duniya ke jayayya da shi kuma hakan zai ba ta damar guje wa asarar sojoji masu yawa.

Janyewar Ukraine daga yammacin Donetsk zai haifar da mummunar asarar wani babban kaso na yankin, baya ga ƙara yawar ƴan gudun hijira, hakan kuma zai hana damar daƙile duk wani kutse da Rasha za ta sake yi a yankin nan gaba.

A nan za mu yi nazari kan dalilan da suka sa yankin ke da matuƙar muhimmanci.

Wani yanki ne a ƙarƙashin ikon Ukraine?

A cewar wani ƙiyasi na kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters, a halin yanzu Ukraine tana rike da yanki mai girman murabba'in kilomita 6,600 a Donetsk.

Jami'an yankin a cikin ƴan kwanakin nan sun yi abayanin cewa kimanin mutane dubu ɗari biyu da hamsin suka rage a wurin.

Manyan biranen sun haɗa da Kramatorsk da Slovyansk da Kostyantynivka da kuma Druzhkivka.

Ya kasance wani yanki na babban cibiyar masana'antu na Ukraine, Donbas (Donets Basin), kodayake yaƙin ya yi tattalin arzikinta mummunar lahani.

"Gaskiyar lamarin ita ce wataƙila ba za a iya samun damar yin amfani da waɗannan albarkatun ƙasar na aƙalla tsawon shekara goma ba saboda nakiyoyin da aka binne a ƙasa ..." Dr Marnie Howlett, malama a sashen siyasar Rasha da gabashin Turai a Jami'ar Oxford, ta shaida wa kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters.

"An lalata ƙasar wannan yankin baki ɗaya, an wargaza waɗannan garuruwan gaba ɗaya."

Wane muhimmanci yankin ke da shi ga ayyukan soji?

Wani rahoto na baya-bayan nan da Cibiyar Nazarin yaƙi da ke Amurka (ISW) ta fitar ya bayyana wani yanki da ke da nisan kilomita 50 (mil 31) a yammacin Donetsk a matsayin ''shingen kariya''.

"Ukraine ta shafe shekara 11 da suka gabata tana aiki tuƙuru domin tabbatar da ta ƙarfafa tsaro a wannan yankin." in ji ta.

Rahotanni daga yankin sun yi nuni da yadda aka gina ramuka da shingaye, da filayen nakiyoyi, da kuma matakan daƙile tankokin yaƙi da kuma wayar tsaro.

Dakarun Rasha da ke kai hari ta ɓangaren yankin Pokrovsk "suna ƙoƙarin mamaye shi wanda zai iya ɗaukar shekaru da dama kafin a kammala", in ji ISW.

Tabbas matakan soji wani ɓangare ne na tsaron Ukrainian amma yanayin ƙasar ma na taka rawa a matsayin wani mataki na tsaro.

Nick Reynolds, Jami'in Bincike kan yaƙin ƙasa a cibiyar Royal United Services (Rusi) da ke Burtaniya, ya shaida wa BBC cewa: "Kasar tana da kariya sosai, musamman yankin tudun Chasiv Yar ."

Ya ƙara da cewa: "Idan ka dubi yanayin Donbas, da gabashin Ukraine gabaɗaya, za ka ga yanayin ƙasar ba ya taimakwa ƴan Ukraine da gaske."

"Birnin Donetsk yana da tuddai. Kuma gangara ce idan ka nufi yamma, wanda hakan ba ya taimakawa ƴan Ukraine daɗi wajen gudanar da ayyukan tsaro.''

Chasiv Yar, wanda Rasha ta yi iƙirarin mamayewa cikin kwanakin nan, "yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan wuraren da ƴan Ukraine ke iko da su", in ji shi.

Bayanan sirri da aka samu ta hanyar amfani da hotunan tauraron ɗan adam, na ƙawayen Ukraine ko na ƴan kasuwa, na da matuƙar muhimmanci, in ji Reynolds, "amma ba daidai ba ne da samun damar daidaita dabarun yaƙi kai tsaye ba".

Ko sojojin Rasha na buƙatar mamaye Donetsk baki ɗayan ta?

Yammacin Donetsk wani ƙaramin yanki ne mai nisan kilomita 1,100 amma ya kasance inda Rasha ta kai wasu munanan hare-haren a wannan bazarar.

Amma ko da Moscow za karkata rundunar sojojinta zuwa amfani da wata hanya ta daban, akwai shakkun ko za ta sami wani ci gaba da ya fi wanda ta samu a halin yanzu.

Reynolds ya ce "A kudanci, bakin dagar da ke Zaporizhzhia yanzu ya yi kama da na Donbas, don haka za a yi fada ne kawai ta manyan wuraren tsaro," in ji Reynolds.

"Russia na fuskantar matsala irin wannan inda ta ke ƙoƙarin kutsawa ta arewacin ƙasar, don haka tabbas ba za su samu shiga cikin sauƙi ba."

Ko Ukraine za ta iya sake gina matakan kariyarta a yankin gabas ta yamma?

Idan har aka cimma yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya, ƴan Ukraine za su iya matsar da matsayar iyakarsu su zuwa yamma.

Tabbas, za a fuskanci batun yanayi maras kyau, kuma kafa matakan tsaro masu ƙarfi zai ɗauki lokaci, ko da kuwa an samu taimakon ƴan kwangilar farar hula ba ba za a buɗewa wuta yayin da suke aiki ba.

Nick Reynolds ya ce "Ko da gwamnatin Trump ta yi ƙoƙarin yin amfani da goyon bayan Amurka ko kuma tabbacin samar da tsaro a matsayin abin dogaro,"bisa la'akari da halayen Rasha da suka gabata, kuma bisa tsarin hada-hadar kasuwanci da gwamnatin Amurka ta ɗauka, da wuya a ga yadda gwamnatin Ukraine za ta so ta hakura da wannan yankin."

Shugaban kasar Ukraine Volodymyr Zelensky, ya ce kasarsa za ta yi watsi da duk wata shawara da Rasha ta gabatar na miƙa mata yankin Donbas, domin neman tsagaita wuta, yana mai cewa za a iya amfani da yankin gabashin ƙasar a matsayin wani fagen ƙaddamar da hare-hare nan gaba.