Yadda zamanin Ayatollah Khamenei na fiye da shekara 30 ya zo ƙarshe

An kashe Ayatollah Ali Khamenei a harin ranar farko da Amurka da Isra'ila suka kai Iran kamar yadda shugaba Donald Trump ya sanar.

Mutuwar jagoran mai shekaru 86 wanda ya yi shugabanci tsawon shekaru 30 - kamar yadda gidan telebijin ɗin ƙasar ya sanar.

Iran ta yi jagororin Addini biyu daga lokacin juyin jiya hali a shekara ta 1979.

Jagoran Addini shi ne shugaba mai cikakken iko kuma kwamandan sojoji da dakarun juyin juya hali.

Khamenei ba mai mulkin kama karya bane, ya na tsakiya a wani matsayi mai sarƙaƙiya, ya na da ikon zaɓar wanda zai yi takarar kowanne muƙami.

Matasa a Iran ba su san wata rayuwa ba tare da shi ba.

Gidan Telebijin ɗin ƙasar na naɗar dukkan motsin sa. An manna allunan hotunansa a ko ina.

A ƙasashen ƙetare tsoffin shugabannin Iran su na da farin jini, amma a gida sai abinda Khamenei ya ce.

Mutuwarsa za ta buɗe sabon babi a Iran da yankin gabaɗaya.

An haifi Ali Khamenei a birnin Mashhad da ke arewa maso gabashin Iran a shekara ta 1939.

Na biyu cikin ƴa ƴa takwas a iyalai masu riƙo da addinin Islama, mahaifinsa matsakaicin jami'i ne a reshen mabiya ɗariƙar shi'a wadda ke da mabiya da dama a Iran.

Khamenei ya na yawan tunawa da ƙuruciyarsa cikin ''talauci da tsoron Allah'' ya na cewa ya sha zama bai ci komai ba sai biredi da busasshen inibi.

Ya haddace karatun Al-qur'ani ya na da shekaru 11. Yawancin ayyukansa sun shafi ɓangaren siyasa ne ba koyarwa ba kamar sauran takwarorinsa.

Gwani ne wajen gabatar da jawabi, Khamenei ya shiga cikin masu adawa da sarkin Iran watau Shah of Iran: Sarkin da aka hamɓarar yayin juyin juya hali.

Ya kwashe shekaru a kurkuku, jami'an leƙen asirin Shah na Iran sun kama shi har sau shida inda aka ɗanɗana masa azaba tare da hana shi yawo.

Bayan juyin juya hali na farko, jagora Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomenei ya naɗa shi limamin Sallar Juma'a a Tehran babban birnin ƙasar.

Ko wane mako, ana watsa huɗubarsa kan siyasa a dukkan kafafen yaɗa labaran ƙasar lamarin da ya ƙara masa farin jini.

A watan farko bayan juyin juya hali, wata ƙungiyar ɗaliban jami'a mayaƙa masu goyon bayan Khomenei sun yiwa ofishin jakadancin Amurka ƙawanya inda suka yi garkuwa da gomman ma'aikata.

Jagororin juyin juya hali da suka haɗa da Khamenei - sun goyi bayan ɗaliban da suka yi zanga-zangar rashin goyon bayan America saboda matakin da ta ɗauka na baiwa Shah na Iran mafaka.

Kwanaki 444 waɗanda aka yi garkuwa da su suka shafe a tsare.

Lamarin da ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rusa gwamnatin Carter sannan ya sanya Iran a matsayin mai yaƙi da Amurka da ƙasashen yamma.

Shi ne kuma abinda ya sa aka ware Iran tsakanin ƙasashen duniya tsawon shekaru.

Khamenei ya tsallake rijiya da baya yayin da aka yi yunkurin kashe shi.

A watan yunin shekara ta 1981 ne, wasu ƴan adawa suka ƙunshe bom cikin rikoda wadda ta fashe yayin da ya ke gabatar da jawabi.

Ya samu mummunan rauni. Ya jima ya na jinyar huhunsa kuma hannunsa na dama ya daina aiki gabaɗaya.

A cikin shekarar ne kuma aka kashe shugaba Mohammad-Ali Rajai, inda Khamenei ya tsaya takarar maye gurbinsa

Khameini ya yi nasara a zaɓen da kashi 79 cikin 100 na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa.

Yayin jawabin da ya gabatar bayan an rantsar da shi ya yi Allah wadai da rarrabuwar kai ya soki koyi da tsarin mulkin ƙasashen yammacin Turai da masu tsattsauran ra'ayi Amurkawa.

Khamenei ya zama jagoran yaƙi a ofis.

A watannin farko shugaban Iraq Saddam Hussein ya yi fargabar dakarun juyin juya hali na Khomeinei za su ƙalubalanci gwamnatinsa.

An yi mummunar gwabzawa tsawon shekaru takwas, an kashe dubun dubatan mutane daga kowanne ɓangare.

Khamenei ya yi watanni a filin daga inda aka kashe kwamandoji da sojojin da ya sani.

Sojojin sun yi amfani da makami mai guba a ƙauyukan da ke kan iyaka da Iran sannan sun yiwa birane luguden wuta har da Tehran da makamai masu linzami.

A nata ɓangaren Iran, ta yi amfani da goyon bayan da ta ke da shi wajen mutane don karya ƙarfin Iraq. Ta yi amfani da matasa wajen kaiwa Iraq farmaki an kuma samu waɗanda suka jikkata da dama.

Yaƙin ya sa Khamenei rashin amincewa da Amurka da ƙasashen yamma waɗanda suka goyi bayan Saddam Hussein.

A shekara ta 1989 Majalisar ƙwararru da Majalisar Malamai suka zaɓi Khamenei ya gaji Khomenei wanda ya mutu ya na da shekaru 86.

An zaɓi sabon jagoran duk da ana ganin ya na da rauni a ɓangaren karatun addini.

A jawabinsa na farko a ofishinsa ya ce "ni mutum ne mai laifuka da gazawa tabbas ni almajiri ne."

"Duk da haka an ɗora min nauyi, kuma zan yi ƙokari da yardar Allah wajen sauke nauyin da aka ɗora min."

Sakamakon rashin ilimi da ƙwarewa da kuma farin jini irin Khomeini, sabon jagoran ya bi a hankali wajen gina gwamnatinsa.

Cikin shekaru 30 Khamenei ya samu masoya a kowanne ɓangare na Iran da suka haɗa da - majalisar wakilai da shari'a da ƴansanda da ƴan jarida da malamai masu hannu da shuni.

Karim Sadjadpour na cibiyar binciken zaman lafiya ta ƙasa da ƙasa watau Carnegie Endowment for International Peace da ke Washington, ya ce ƙarfin ikon jagoran Addini ya dogora ne kan Malaman Addini masu tsattsauran ra'ayi da masu hannu da shuni cikin dakarun juyin juya hali.

Bai fiye tafiye-tafiye ba rahotanni sun ce yana zaune a tsakiyar birnin Tehran da matarsa da ƴa ƴa shida da jikoki.

A shekara ta 1999 an murkushe ɗalibai masu zanga-zanga.

Bayan shekaru 10 zanga zanga ta ɓarke sakamakon aringizon ƙuri'u a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa inda aka tarwatsa masu zanga-zanga da hanyar fesa musu ruwa mai yaji da kuma harbinsu.

A shekara ta 2019 yayin da farashin mai ya yi tashin gwauron zabi mutane sun fito kan titi Khamenei ya katse internet. Ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin ƴan Adam ta Amnesty International ta ce ƴansanda sun buɗewa masu zanga-zanga wuta.

Ya janyewa mata takunkumin hana karatu a ƙasar.

An kama mata da suka yi zanga-zangar rashin amincewa da sanya mayafi da rufe jiki aka tsare su.

Wadanda suka goya musu baya sun fuskanci hari, an yankewa wani lauya mai kare haƙƙin ƴan Adam hukuncin zaman gidan kurkuku na shekaru 38 tare da bulala 148.

Babban ƙalubalen da Juyin juya halin ya samu a shekara ta 2022, shi ne mutuwar Mahsa Amini mai shekaru 22 yayin da ƴansanda ke tsare da ita.

ƙungiyoyin kare haƙƙin ƴan Adam sun ce sama da mutane 550 aka kashe yayin da aka tsare mutane 20,000 waɗanda suka yi zanga zangar mutuwar ta.

Bayan harin 11 ga watan Satumban shekara ta 2001 a Amurka, shugaba George W Bush ya sanya Iran a kundin "mugun yanki" - tare da Iraq and Koriya ta arewa.

Iran ta yi amfani da Hezbollah - ƙungiyar mayaƙa ƴan shi'a a Lebanon - yayin rikici da Isra'ila.

Duk da sanyawa al'umma kirarin nan na "Mutuwa ga Amurka", ya zaɓi ba ruwansa kuma ba ya tsokanar Washington.

Babban abinda ke haifar da tsashin hankli tsakaninsu shi ne batun makaman nukiliya.

Shekaru ashirin da suka gabata Khameinei ya ayyana su a matsayin sun saɓawa addini har ma yi yi fatawa a daina ƙirƙirar su.

Amma a ƙarƙashin mulkinsa Isra'ila da ƙasashen Yamma sun amince cewar Iran na ƙara ƙarfin makaman nukiliya.

Takunkunin da ƙasashe suka sanya ya taimaka wajen talauta ƙasar wadda a baya take babbar mai fidda mai - rashin aikin yi ya haifar da ƴan adawa masu yawa.

Khamenei bai ƙi yarjejeniyar makaman nukiliya da aka cimma a shekara ta 2015 ba, wadda ta taƙaita shirin makaman nukiliyar Iran don a rage takunkumi, amma ya yi shakkar cewa Amurka zata janye takunkumi na tsawon lokaci.

A shekara ta 2018 Trump ya janye daga cikin yarjejeniyar nukiliya sannan ya ƙara laftawa Iran takunkumi don a tilasta mata amincewa da yarjejeniya.

Bayan shekaru biyu shugaban ya bayar da umarnin a kashe Qasem Soleimani - babban janar na dakarun juyin juya hali kuma makusancin jagora - Khamenei ya rantse sai an ɗauki fansa inda ya haɗa kai da Rasha da Chaina.

A watan yunin shekara ta 2025 yayin da dakarun Isra'ila suka kaiwa makaman nukiliya da makamai masu linzami da kwamandojin sojin Iran hari . Sai Iran ta yiwa biranen Isra'ila luguden wuta da makamai masu linzami.

Da Amurka ta shi ga yaƙin sai ta kaiwa manyan cibiyoyin makaman nukiliyar Iran hari Khameinei ya ɗauki alwashin ba zai miƙa wuya ba.

A watan Janairun shekara ta 2026, gwamnatin Khameinei ta fuskanci zanga zangar tattalin arziƙi. Ta ɗauki tsattsauran mataki ta hanyar murƙushe masu masu zanga zanga ƙungiyoyin kare haƙƙin ƴan Adam sun ce aƙalla mutane 6,488 ne suka mutu yayin da aka tsare wasu 53,700.

A makonnin da suka biyo baya ne Trump ya bayar da umarnin jibge sojoji a yankin kuma ya yi barazanar kai hari idan Iran bata amince da yarjejeniyar shirinta na makaman nukiliya ba sannan ta yi watsi da abinda ya kira ''burinta na makamin nukiliya''.

Amma Khameinei ya ƙi amincewa da watsar da shirin inganta sinadarin uranium.

"Amurkawa su sani idan suka fara yaƙi, wannan karon zai zama yaƙin yanki," ya yi gargaɗi a ƙarshen watan Janairun shekara ta 2026.

Rayuwa a Iran ta dogara ne kan irin tsarinsa. ƙalilan ne zasu iya cewa ga wanda ai gaje shi da kuma irin sauyin da za a samu.