Ukraine - Russia: Kubera iki Amerika yemeye kurungikira Ukraine ibibombe bibi cane nk’ibi?

Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zitangaza ko zemeye akamo zatewe na Ukraine ko kuyirungikira amabombe ateje impari, aya nayo akaba ari amabombe atekeye utundi tubombe, ibi birwanisho bikaba bizwi nka armes à sous-munitions/cluster munitions.

Iyi ngingo ishobora kunegurwa bikomeye n’amashirahamwe aharanira agateka ka zina muntu kubera ubwoko bw’iki kirwanisho bubujijwe mu bihugu birenga ijana.

Ibi birwanisho ni ubwoko ki?

Ibi birwanisho bizwi nka bombes à sous-munitions/cluster bombs, canke armes à sous-munitions/ Cluster munitions, ni ubwoko bw’ibibombe birekura utubombe dutoduto turekurwa n’igisasu ca rokete, misire canke muzinga, kigaca kidukwiragiza irya n’ino tukiri mu kirere ku buryo twonona ahantu hanini cane ku butaka.

Utu tubombe mu bisanzwe duturika iyo duhuye n’ikintu ariko ututari duke muri two ntidushoka duturika – ibi bikaba cane cane iyo tuguye ku butaka butose canke bworoshe.

Tuzoza rero guturika haciye imisi, nk’umuntu agatoye canke akagahonyorako, uri aho kamwica canke kakamumugaza ubutakivayo.

Mu bikorwa vya gisirikare, ibi birwanisho birashobora guhosha umwansi mu buryo buteye ubwoba iyo nk’ingabo zinyegeje mu myobo canke mu birindiro bikomejwe cane, bigateza akaga gakomeye ahantu hanini ku buryo ata kintu woshobora kuhakorera gushika utu tubombe dukuweho.

Kubera iki ubu bwoko bw’ibirwanisho bubujijwe?

Ibihugu birenga 100 harimwo Ubwongereza, Ubufaransa n’Ubudagi, vyarateye igikumu ku masezerano mpuzamakungu – azwi nka Convention sur les armes à sous-munitions/Convention on Cluster Munitions – abuza gukoresha canke gutunga ibi birwanisho kubera ingaruka zigira ku basivire bitavanguye.

Abana ahanini nibo bahabonera amahano kuko utu tubombe dusa n’udukinisho usanga twasizwe mu mirima maze abana bakaza kudutora kugira ngo barabe utwo ari two.

Amashirahamwe aharanira agateka ka zina muntu avuga ko ubu bwoko bw’ibirwanisho vya armes à sous-munitions ari “amahano” kandi ko ikoreshwa ryavyo ari icaha co mu ntambara.

Ni ibihe bihugu bigikoresha ibi birwanisho?

Kuva Uburusiya butanguye intambara muri Ukraine ku wa 24 Ruhuhuma (2) umwaka uheze, ibi bihugu vyompi birakoresha izi cluster bombs/armes à sous-munitions.

Nta na kimwe muri ibi bihugu kiratera igikumu ku masezerano yo kubibuza. Eka na Amerika nyene ni uko, ariko mu misi iheze iherutse kunegura ingene Uburusiya bubikoresha ku rugero runini.

Utu tubombe twa Clusters munitions canke armes à sous-munitions tw’Uburusiya tuvugwa ko 40% tudaturika, ibi bigasigura ko igitigiri kinini kiguma giteza amahano ku butaka, mu gihe mu bisanzwe 20% ari two tuzwi ko tudaturika.

Pentagon (ubushikiranganji bwa Amerika bujejwe kwivuna abansi) ivuga ko 3% za cluster bombs/armes à sous-munitions zonyene ari zo zidaturika.

Kubera iki Ukraine iriko irasaba ubwoko bw’ibi birwanisho?

Ingabo za Ukraine ziriko zirakehanirwa n’ibisasu vya muzinga, ahanini kubera ko, nk’uko bimeze ku Burusiya, ziriko zirabikoresha ku rugero rudasanzwe, mu gihe incuti zayo zidashobora kubisubiriza ku rugero nkenerwa rungana n’ingene bikoreshwa.

Ku rubuga rw’intambara usanga ari ukurwanira aho bari, mu karere k’ubumanuko n’ubuseruko bwa Ukraine, ibirwanisho birasa kure ni ngirakamaro cane.

Muri kino gihe, abasirikare ba Ukraine bafise igikorwa kitoroshe co kugerageza kwomora ingabo z’Uburusiya zateye igihugu, aho zitsimbatariye ku birindiro vyazo bikwiragiye ku rwasiro rw’uburebure bw’ibirometero 1000.

Kubera ubukene bw’ibisasu vya muzinga, Ukraine yasavye Amerika kuyongerereza izi Cluster munitions canke armes à sous-munitions kugira ngo ishobore gutera ingabo z’Uburusiya aho zinyegeje mu myobo ku birindiro vyazo.

Ntiyabaye ingingo yoroshe kuri Washington, kandi n’aba-Democrats, ari nawo mugambwe wa Perezida Joe Biden, hamwe n’abaharanira agateka ka zina muntu, ntibayishigikiye. Hari hamaze amezi nibura atandatu hari impari zikomeye.

Iyi ngingo ya Amerika izogira ingaruka nyabaki?

Ingaruka ihita yibonekeza ni uko Washington izotakaza icizere ku rugero rutari ruto yari ifise kuri ino ntambara.

Ivyaha bitari bike vyo mu ntambara vyagirizwa Uburusiya biranditswe neza, ariko iyi ngingo ishobora gutuma Amerika yagirizwa uburyarya.

Cluster munitions canke armes à sous-munitions ni ikirwanisho kibi, giteye ubwoba, kandi cica kitavangura, kibujijwe ahatari hake kw’isi kubera iyo mvo.

Iyi ngingo vyanka bikunda izocanishamwo Amerika n’incuti zayo z’Uburengero, aha Perezida Vladimir Putin w’Uburusiya akaba yotambira kw’ino kuko, nimba hari ikintu gikomeye yipfuza kandi akeneye cane, ni uko Amerika icanamwo n’izi ncuti zayo z’Uburengero.