Ratko Mladic: Urukiko rwa UN rwanze ubujurire bwe kuri jenoside

Ratko Mladic wahoze ari umukuru w'abasirikare b'aba Serbes bo muri Bosnia, yatsinzwe ubujurire bwe ku byaha bya jenoside, ibyaha byo mu ntambara n'ibyibasiye inyoko muntu yahamijwe mu 2017.

Urukiko rw'umuryango w'abibumbye (ONU/UN) rwagumishijeho igihano cyo gufungwa burundu yakatiwe kubera kwica abayisilamu bo muri Bosnia (bazwi nk'aba Bosniak) bagera hafi ku 8.000, bagizwe n'abagabo n'abahungu, i Srebrenica mu 1995.

Ubwo bwicanyi - bwakorewe ahantu hafatwaga ko harinzwe na ONU - bwabaye ubwicanyi bwa mbere ndengakamere bukozwe i Burayi kuva intambara ya kabiri y'isi yarangira.

Ntabwo bizwi aho Mladic azamara igihe gisigaye cy'igifungo cye.

Inteko y'ubujurire igizwe n'abacamanza batanu y'i La Haye (The Hague) mu Buholandi, yasanze Mladic yarananiwe gutanga ibimenyetso bihinyuza ibyaha yamahijwe mbere, nubwo umucamanza ukuriye iburanisha yagaragaje kutemeranya n'ibyo byaha hafi ya byose.

Ariko, urugereko rw'ubujurire rwanateshe agaciro ubujurire bwatanzwe n'ubushinjacyaha.

Bwashakaga ko Mladic akatirwa bwa kabiri ku byaha byakorewe abayisilamu bo muri Bosnia ndetse n'aba Croates bo muri Bosnia mu bindi bice mu gihe cy'intambara.

Umwanzuro w'urukiko ku bujurire bwe wakererejwe n'ibibazo bya tekinike, byakomeje no kubaho no mu gihe cyose cy'isomwa ryawo.

Mladic yari yaramaganye uru rukiko mu gihe cy'ubujurire bwe mu kwezi kwa munani mu mwaka ushize, avuga ko uru rukiko ari umwana w'ibihugu bikomeye by'i Burayi n'Amerika.

Abunganizi be mu mategeko bari baburanye bavuga ko yari ari kure cyane y'i Srebrenica igihe ubwo ubwicanyi bwakorwaga.

Mladic - wamenyekanye nk'"Umubazi wa Bosnia" ["Butcher of Bosnia"] - yari umwe mu bacyekwaho ibyaha ba nyuma baburanishijwe n'urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugoslavia.

Yatawe muri yombi mu 2011 nyuma yo kumara imyaka 16 yihishahisha.

Mu 2017, urukiko rwamuhamije jenoside kubera ubwicanyi bw'i Srebrenica, ariko rusanga ari umwere kuri jenoside ku byakozwe n'ingabo ze mu 1992, ubwo aba Bosniak n'aba Croates bo muri Bosnia birukanwaga mu ngo zabo cyangwa bagafungirwa mu buryo bubi cyane.

Mu 2016, uru rukiko rwanahamije Radovan Karadzic wahoze ari umukuru w'aba Serbes bo muri Bosnia gutegura ubwicanyi bw'i Srebrenica, n'ibindi byaha.

Igifungo cya mbere cy'imyaka 40 yari yakatiwe ku byaha bya jenoside n'ibyaha byo mu ntambara, mu 2019 cyaje kongerwa kigirwa igifungo cya burundu - igihe gisigaye cy'igifungo cye azagifungirwa mu Bwongereza.

Byakiriwe gute?

Semso Osmanovic warokotse ubwo bwicanyi ariko akicirwa abantu 23 bo mu muryango we, yabwiye umunyamakuru wa BBC Guy De Launey ko uwo mwanzuro w'urukiko usobanuye ko ubu noneho yumva yasubira mu mujyi avukamo.

Yagize ati: "Nari ndimo kubaho ubuzima bwanjye bwose ntegereje ko iki gihe kigera - kubona ubutabera burimo gutangwa n'urukiko mpuzamahanga. No kwizera kujyana abana banjye n'umugore wanjye i Srebrenica".

"Aho ni ho hantu navukiye".

Sehida Abdurahmanovic, umugabo we yiciwe i Srebrenica. Yakurikiye isomwa ry'urubanza ari ku rwibutso rw'i Potocari.

Yabwiye BBC ishami ritangaza mu rurimi rw'Igiserbe ati:

"Ababyeyi batacyumva neza, badashobora kubona, abarwaye bagorwa no kugenda, baje kureba ibi. Ni nkaho ibyabaye byabaye ejo hashize, buri kintu cyose kiracyari gishya [mu mutwe]".

"Ni iby'agaciro gakomeye kuba yahawe iki gihano cyo gufungwa burundu kandi jenoside y'i Srebrenica ikaba yemejwe".

I Sarajevo, ikinyamakuru kimwe cyo muri Bosnia, mu nkuru yacyo yari iyoboye izindi nkuru zo ku rubuga rwa internet, cyayihaye umutwe ugira uti: "Murebe amarira y'umubazi amaze kubona ko azapfira muri gereza".

Ariko uko byakiriwe n'abashyigikiye Mladic byari bitandukanye cyane.

Darko Mladic, umuhungu w'uwo wahoze ari jenerali, yavuze ko se "atabonye amahirwe yo kugira urubanza rutabogamye", avuga ko iburanisha ryabaye "ibikino".

Zeljka Cvijanovic, Perezida w'agace k'aba Serbes bo muri Bosnia, yavuze ko urukiko "nanone rwemeje inshingano yarwo y'urukiko rwibasira aba Serbes, rugaragaza abakoze ibyaha byo mu ntambara rudashingiye ku bimenyetso, ahubwo rushingiye ku bwoko bw'abaregwa".