Stock forms
Certain papers and boards are selected for their different The mechanical, physical or optical properties of materials that define how they behave in use. and applications. They are supplied in different stock forms, including sheet, Flexible material wrapped around a tube or turned over and over on itself without folding. and ply. Ply refers to the number of layers used. For example, one-ply paper is made of a single layer of paper, whereas two-ply has two layers. Buying the paper as a Weight per 500 sheets of paper. (weight per 500 sheets) means that the buyer can calculate how much they are getting accurately. By buying paper in standard weights, the designer can accurately calculate how much is required.
Papers
Paper is selected by its thickness, measured in grams per square metre (gsm). This is the weight of one square metre of the paper. Paper is available in many sizes, with A0 being the largest and the most common size being A4. Each is half the area of the one before, ie A4 paper (297 mm × 210 mm) is half the size of A3 paper (297 mm × 420 mm).
B series, defined by International standard (ISO) of paper sizes used in most countries in the world., are used in the printing industry to set printing presses halfway between the A series sizes. Sizing for envelopes are called C sizes, defined in International standard (ISO) of envelope sizes..
A size of paper, about 330 × 200 (or 400) mm. (203 × 330 mm) was used before the introduction of ISO 216 standard size, and there is a software setting named letter size (216 × 279 mm) which refers to an American paper size used in Canada and Mexico.
Calculating cross-sectional area and sizes
Calculating the amount of material needed can be done by using simple measurements to work out the An end view or area of a 3D form.area of shapes. This will help to calculate how much material is needed to make a product.
Example
Calculate the area of a 350 mm × 350 mm piece of paper, and how many could be cut from an A0 sheet that measures 841 mm × 1,190 mm? How much wastage would there be?
= 350 × 350
= 122,500 mm2
= 841 × 1,190
= 1,000,790 mm2
Divide the two numbers:
1,000,790 ÷ 122,500 = 8.17
Round down to the nearest whole number = 8
From the A0 sheet, eight pieces that measure 350 mm × 350 mm can be cut.
Area used = 8 × 122,500
= 980,000 mm2
= 1,000,790 - 980,000
= 20,790 mm2
Question
Calculate the area of a 110 mm × 110 mm piece of paper, and how many could be cut from an A2 sheet measuring 420 mm × 594mm. How much wastage is there?
Area of a square = length × width
110 × 110 = 12,100 mm2
Area of the larger sheet = 420 × 594
= 249,480 mm2
249,480 ÷ 12,100 = 20.62
Round down to the nearest whole number = 20
From the A2 sheet 20 pieces that measure 110 mm × 110 mm can be cut.
Area used = 20 × 12,100
= 242,000 mm2
Wastage = area owned - area used
= 249,480 - 242,000
= 7,480 mm2
