Papers and boards - EdexcelSurface finishes

Paper is made from wood pulp or recycled material. It may be used in packaging, drawing and sketching, or model making.

Part ofDesign and TechnologyMaterials

Surface finishes

As well as being applied in printing, varnish can be added to card to give it a finish. Quite often, just part of a package - usually the logo on a box - has varnish applied so that it stands out to the customer. This is an expensive process and is often added to packaging for chocolates, perfume and aftershave in order to make it look more attractive.

Applying a dye to the edge of a book by is a costly process but is often used to convey quality.

A book is shown open; its pages are blank but have been edge stained green.

A cost-effective way of printing metallic colour or holograms to a product is , where a pre-glued foil is stamped onto the surface using heat and pressure. This is commonly done in bank notes and music festival tickets.

A close-up of several different cards hot foil stamped with bright and reflective pattern strips.

varnishing produces a high-gloss finish on card. A shiny liquid is applied to the card and then when to UV light. UV coatings are very eye-catching and are highly suitable for marketing material to catch the eye of a potential customer.

Adding a or a film (PET or LDPE) to a product not only provides practical advantages, such as barrier protection for frozen foods, but also provides an effective surface on which to print vibrant eye-catching designs.

is a process that creates a raised pattern on the paper or card and is made using a stamping process. Embossing adds texture and depth to a product and is often found on greetings cards or on perfume and aftershave boxes to raise the logo and make it eye-catching.

A close-up segment of an embossed floral pattern on white paper.
Image caption,
Embossed greetings cards