Yaya girman taɓarɓarewar tattalin arzikin China?

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Bayanan hoto, .
    • Marubuci, Karishma Vaswani
    • Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, BBC News

Duk da yake masana tattalin arziƙi na iƙirarin cewa bayanai da suka shafi tattalin arziƙin China ba abu ne da ya kamata a gasgata ba, yanzu suna cikin ruɗani - ana ganin babu wasu alƙaluma ma kwata-kwata a halin yanzu.

A ranar Juma'a, China ta bayyana cewa a wannan shekarar ba za ta ƙayyade wani mataki da take son kai wa ba wajen haɓaka tattalin arziƙin ƙasar saɓanin yadda ta saba yi a baya.

Wannan wani abu ne da ƙasar ba ta taɓa yi ba tun bayan fara wallafa muradan da take son cimmawa duk shekara tun daga 1990.

Batun a ce ƙasa kamar China ta yi biris da bayyana burin da take son cimmawa cikin shekara a ɓangaren tattalin arziƙinta, na nuni da cewa tattalin arziƙinta ya faɗa cikin wani hali kuma zai sha wahala kafin ya farfaɗo bayan korona.

Duk da cewa wasu alƙaluma sun nuna cewa China ta kama hanyar farfaɗowa: za ta sha wahala kafin ta farfaɗo.

A farko, labari mai daɗi

A karon farko tun bayan ɓullar wannan annoba a China - masana'antu na samun riba.

Ribar da masana'antu a ƙasar suka samu a watan Afrilu ta ƙaru da kusan kashi 3.9 - an samu bambanci da kusan kashi 13.5 cikin 100 tun bayan taɓarɓarewar al'amura sakamakon sanya dokoki masu tsauri wata biyu a baya.

Akwai kuma wasu bayanai masu ƙarfi da masana tattalin arziƙi ke cewa tattalin arziƙi zai iya faduwa warwas, lokaci guda kuma sai ya yi sama ya miƙe kamar yadda yake a da.

Makamashin da manyan injinan samar da wutar lantarki ke amfani da shi ya koma yadda yake a baya inda ya ƙaru bayan hutun watan Mayu da aka yi a ƙasar, kamar yadda bankin zuba jari na JP Morgan ya bayyana.

Wannan na nufin wutar lantarki da ake amfani da ita kafin wannan annobar, yanzu an dawo an ci gaba da amfani da ita.

Yadda sararin samaniyar China ta kasance bayan saka dokar kulle ba tare da hayaƙi ba yanzu abin ya sauya, hayaƙi kan turnuƙe sama sakamakon hada-hadar kasuwanci da ta sake buɗewa.

Duka wadannan na nuna cewa a hankali China na dawo da harkokin kasuwancinta.

Amma ba kasuwancinta kamar yadda ta saba ba, wannan na nufin dukkan ƙasashe za su sha wahala kafin su farfaɗo.

Alƙalumma da aka samu daga dillalan kayayyaki sun nuna yadda za a sha wahala kafin mutane su koma shagunansu.

Siyan kayayyaki ya yi ƙasa da kusan kashi 7.5 cikin 100. 'Yan China da dama sun damu matuka dangane da ɓarkewar wannan cuta a karo na biyu kuma ga shi ba sa kashe kuɗi kamar yadda suke kashewa a da.

Ana ganin hakan ne ya sa China ta yi biris da batun burin da take so ta cimma na shekara a bana - gwamnati ta san zai yi wuya a yi hasashe saboda yadda wannan annoba ta yi ƙaimi.

Ƙaruwar rashin aikin yi

Alƙaluma game da rashin aikin yi waɗanda a hukumance aka ce sun ƙaru da kusan kashi 6 cikin 100, masana tattalin arziƙi na cewa alƙaluman sun fi haka yawa. (Ma'ana rashin aikin yi ya ƙaru matuƙa.)

"Yawan marasa aikin yi a ƙasar ya ninka sau biyu," ganin cewa kusan kashi biyar na ma'aikata waɗanda ke zama a kauye ba su dawo birane ba, in ji wasu daga cikin masanan tattalin arziƙi.

People's Liberation Army (PLA) soldiers march in the Forbidden City in Beijing on May 19, 2020.

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Jaridar da ke magana da yawun 'yan kwaminisanci na China wato Global Times ta bayyana yadda batun rashin aikin yi a kasar ya ƙazanta.

Ta bayyana cewa '"Da wahala ma'aikata 'yan kasar China su samu albashi a kamfanoni masu zaman kansu kamar yadda suka samu a 2019," wasu ƙananan kamfanoni na korar ma'aikata ko kuma rage albashin ma'aikata.

Sai an sha wuya kafin komai ya fara dawowa daidai.

Kusan kashi 85 cikin 100 na kamfanoni masu zaman kansu sai sun sha gwagwarmaya domin su tsaya a ƙafafunsu nan da watanni uku masu zuwa, kamar yadda Farfesa Justin Yifu Lin na jami'ar Peking ya ambato wani bincike da da jami'ar Tsinghua ta yi a watan Maris.

"Durƙushewar masana'antu zai jawo rashin aikin yi," a cewarsa.

2020 ce shekarar da ya kamata a ce China ta kawar da talauci a kasar

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, 2020 ce shekarar da ya kamata a ce China ta kawar da talauci a kasar

'Yan China da dama na aiki ne a kamfanonin gwamnati, tattalin arziƙin China zai iya daukar nauyin marasa aikin yi a ƙasar fiye da na Amurka.

'Yan kasar China suna da tattalin kuɗi, ma'aikata musamman masu zuwa birni daga ƙauyuka na da gonaki a ƙauyuka da za su iya amfani da su domin toshe wasu kafafen ko da tura ta kai bango.

"Za ku ga yadda ma'aikata 'yan ci rani za su koma ƙauyuka inda suke da gonakinsu ," in ji Wang Huiyao daga cibiyar Centre for China and Globalization.

"Eh, jama'a da dama za su shiga cikin ƙunci, amma mutanen da ke wajen China ba za su gane mu yadda muke kallon ƙunci ko wahala ba - wanda 'yan ƙasar China suka shiga ba da daɗewa ba lokacin da China ke cikin talauci."