Sarauniya Elizabeth II: Sarauniya mai dogon zamani

Sarauniya ta rasu. Ran Sarki ya dade." Wannan shi ne hakikanin abin miliyoyinmu ba su taba ji ba.

Mafi yawanmu ba sau san wani Basarake/Basarakiya ba. Daidai lokacin da duniya ke sauyawa shekaru da dama, haka ta dade a kan karaga.

Ta yiwu ita ce mace mafi ƙimar daraja da aka sani a doron kasa. Ta yi matukar shahara, a Birtaniya da kasashen waje, a matsayin Sarauniya. Ba mulki ta yi ba, sarauta ta yi.

Gidan sarautarta na Windsor zai sha caccaka. Bisa la'akari da yawan rikicinsa, wasu ma har jefa alamar tambaya suke kan karkon dadewarsa.

Amma Sarauniya dai ta kai ga gaci ne bisa jajircewa. Yayin da al'umma ta samu matukar sauyi, ta tsare martabarta ta matsayin tambarin hadin kan kasa. An dauki duk abin da ta aikata a matsayin jajircewar aiki.

Ta kalubalanci kanta a ranar zagayowar haihuwarta shekara 21 a jawabin da ta gabatar a ziyarar da ta kai Afirka ta Kudu. Lamarin ya kasance mafi muhimmancin abin tinkaho da ta tsayu a kai, a tsarin manufar rayuwarta ta kashin kanta.

"Na yi ikirari a gabanku dgaba daya," Gimbiya ta fada wa masu suararenta, "daukacin rayuwata ta yi tsawo ko ta takaita zan saraiyar da ita da jajircewa wajen hidimta wa hamshakiyar zuri'ata wadda daukacinmu muka fito daga gareta."

Tabbas babu daya daga al'amuran da aka tsara ya kasance.

Sakataren Harkokin cikin gida ya halarci bikin zagayowar ranar haihuwarta a ranar 21 ga Afirilun 1926 lokacin da yake fama da mummunar tashintashintar masu hakar kwal - amma a wancan lokacin, Gimbiya Elizabeth Alexandra Mary ba a kaddara mata zama Sarauniya ba.

Mahaifinta mutum mai ne kawaici, wanda ke in-ina, wato shi ne da na biyu ga Sarki George V. Ba don kakkabar murabus ba, da Elizabeth sai dai ta yi rayuwa irin ta kaskantattu a kasar, kewaye da dabbobi.

Ta yi yarintarta cike da annashuwa, ta ji dadi tun tasowarta lamarin da ya baibaye tsawon sha'awar rayuwarta.

"Lokacin da suke kananan mafi yawancin wasanninsu na dokuna ne," kamar yadda Marigayiya Margret Rohodes ta iya tunawa, wadda ta girma tare da 'yan uwanta maza na gidan sarauta da Elizabeth da 'yar uwarta, Gimbiya Margaret.

"Mun rika yin sukuwar dawakail, ko hawan kananan dokuna ko wani abu da kake so, amma lamarin na tatare da hargagin dawaki da sukuwa da hanzari."

Gimbiyar zamanin yaki

Matsayinta na 'yar sarauta ya samu karin karfin sauyii ne a shekarar 1936 lokacin da mahaifinta ya hau gadon sarauta, bayan da kawunta Edward VIII ya yi murabus, saboda wata Ba'Amurkiya Wallis Simpson ( 'yar kwalisa, wadda aurenta ya taba rabuwa, da yake son ya aura).

Kawarta da suka tashin tun yarintarta, Sonia Berry ta fara haduwa da Elizabeth lokacin da suke a hannun masu rainonsu, sun fito titin shakatawa da ke tsakiyar birnin Landan

Sai Gimbiya ta tashi ta je wajenta ta ce: "Kina son yin wasa?"

Misis Berry ta tuna yadda alk'amura suka kasance "bisa tsarin daidaito," inda tsohuwar abokiyar wasanta 'yar sarauta an kaddara mata gadon gadon sarauta. "Muna kiranta da Gimbiya. Mu kan durkusa don girmamata. Yta tashi tare da dimbin mutane. Ta kasance komai da gaske take yi."

Mai nufi na gaskiyar share fagen cimma manufa.

Mahaifinta ya yi mulki a zamanin yakin duniya na biyu. ''Yarsa ta kasance mai dabarun yada farfaganda.

Aure

A shekarar 1940, Elizabeth tare da Margaret tana take mata baya, ta yi jawabi a rediyo don sanar da yaran da suka gudu kasar waje cewa an samu nasarar yaki.

"Yayin da aka samu zaman lafiya, ku tuna cewa jin dadinmu ne, yaran wannan zamani, don kyautata duniya ta zama wurin walwala da karin farin ciki."

An shafe tsawon shekaru biyar kafin a samu wannan damar.

Da aka gudanar da bikin ranar samun nasarar yaki a Turai a nfarfajiyar fadar Buckingham, Gimbiyoyi biyu suka fice ba tare da sanin kowa suka shige cikin taron jama'a. Daga bisani Sarauniya ta rika yi wa al'amarin lakabin "daren da za a dade ana tunawa" a rayuwarta.

Jean Woodroffe na tare da ita. "Abin dariyar a nan shi ne sun shige cikin Otal din Ritz ta wata kofa, suka fita ta wata kofa, inda a karshe suka rika rawar kamun kugu ta Amurka da ake kira conga," a kmar yadda Misis Woodroffe ta fada wa BBC.

"Abin mamakin dai shi ne babu wanda ya lura da su. "Daga bisani muka koma wajen fadar Buckingham tare da cincirindon jama'a muna ta kururuwar cewa "Muna son Sarki tare da kowa-da-kowa, har zuwa lokacin da Sarki da Sarauniya suka fito wajen farfajiyar."

A lokacin rikici, Elizabeth ta tsunduma cikin soyayya da wani kyakkyawan Yariman kasar Girka.

Sarki ya mutu

Bayan haduwarsu ta farko, cikin shekarar 1939 ta yi matukar kamuwa da soyayya. Sai dai ya zama dole ta shawo kan mahaifinta game da wannan "Yariman kasar waje da ba bai mallaki komai ba" tamkar yadda wani jami'in gidan sarauta ya siffanta shi.

Ta jajirce da hakuri har ta samu mafita

Shekarun farko na auren Elizabeth da Philips sun kasance mafi annashuwar farin ciki a rayuwarsu.

Sun tsunduma "cikin tsananin soyayya" a cewar daya daga cikin barorin Philips.

Lokacin da yake aiki a kasar Malta, a matsayin jami'in sojan ruwa, ta rika tuka mota tana kewaya tsibirin, ta halarci wuraren rawa, ta je wajen shakatawa. Lamarin ya sa ta yi irin rayuwar da ba ta jin za ta sake kwata irinta.

Lamarin dai bai yi wani tsawo ba. Sai rashin lafiyar mahaifinta ya rika bijiro mata da alamu.

Ta fahimci yadda ya mutu farar daya sanadiyyar yawan shan taba, daidai lokacin da take hutu a gandun namun daji a kasar Kenya.. Sai matsayin darajarta ya daga, wato ta bar kasar a matsayin Gimbiya ta dawo Birtaniya a matsayin Sarauniya.

A cewarta, "ba ta taba koyon harkokin mulki ba." Wannan shi ne abin da ta bayyana wa shirin kundin bayanai na talabijin kan yadda aka yi ta gudanar da managarcin aiki, al'amarin da aka danganta a matsayin irin kadararta ke nan.

Wadanda suka yi makokin rasuwarta a halin yanzu da masana tarihi za su fitar da darussan rayuwarta nan gaba, har ta kai ga sujn karkare da cewa ta yi matukar nasara wajen cimma manufofinta. Ta ji dadin kasancewarta Saruaniya.

Ta ji dadin harkokin mulki, al'amarin da aka yi hasashen kasancewarta a cikinsa.

Ta yi ta samun dimbin nasarori kamar yadda suke tattare a cikin jajayen akwatunanta, wadanda suka tara dimbin takardun bayanan hukuma. Hatta lokacin da aka yi fama da rudani a shekarun 1990, an yi ta bude su. Ana karanta takardu da ke cikinsu.

Tana da hakkin a sanar da ita, ta bayar da shawara, ta yi gargadi. Ta dauki al'amarin da matukar muhimmanci, ineda takan nuna matukar kwarewa wajen tarairayar harkokin siyasa a zamanin mulkinta.

Kare martabar sarauta

Firai ministocin da ta yi aiki da su daya bayan daya duk suna karkashin ikon sarautarta.

Daya daga babbar matsalar da ta yi fama da ita, ita ce amincewar da ta yi da shawarar Harold Macmillan lokacin da yake jinya a gadon asibiti, cewa, Lord Home ya gaje shi a matsayin Firayiminista.

Mutane da dama sun yi tunanin cewa kamata ya yi a ce ta fadada tuntubarta, amma dai Jam'iyyar Conservative daga bisani ta sauya tsarinta, inda ta samar da hanyar zaben shugabaninta, ta yadda ta samu kariya daga sake afkawa cikin rudanin abin takaici.

Zamanin mulkinta an smau suayi, a hankali, a hankali. Danfaruwarta da ra'ayin rikau ya nuna ba ita ta haifar da shi ba, sai dia an shawo kanta ne game da alfanun (fa'idar) da ke tattare da lamarin.

A hankali, a hankali sai kawai iya;lan gidan sarauta suka kulla abota da talabijin.

An kyale a rika daukar hotuna, wasu lokutan ma masu muni. Cikin shekarun 1960, lamarin ya yi matukar kayatarwa yadda aka nuna hoton 'yan gidan sarauta suna aiki da wasa.

Amma cikin shekarun 1980, lamarin na da ban takaici ganin iyalanta sun shiga cikin masu caccakar sarauta. Kodayake hakan ya kasance bisa tarbiya, domin ba zai ma yiwu lamarin bai sha wa Sarauniya kai ba.

Daidai wannan lokaci hakikanin matsaloli na ta taruwa dankare a cikin fada. Sun bayyana ne kawai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.

Gimbiyar da mutane ke kauna

Auren 'ya'yanta da dama ya watse, kuma duk an baje bayanan a jaridu. Karshen lamari ma dai a shekarar 1992, fadar Windsor ta yi gobara.

Gidan sarautar na ta kokarin kare martabarsa. A cikin gidan dai, iyalan sun kasa yin wnai katabus. Domin Sarauniya a matsayint ana uwa, ana sa ran ta dauki alhaki aukuwasu al'amuran.

Wajen biyan asarar da gobara ta haifar a wnai gidan sarautar - a bude kafar biyan kudin al'umma ga Fadar Buckingham.

And the Queen and her heir belatedly followed the example of millions of others and started to pay income tax. Worse was to come.

August 1997 produced the most difficult week the Queen ever experienced.

It began with a fatal car crash in a French underpass and it ended with wailing and weeping on London's streets as the coffin of a princess was carried past.

The Queen was not comfortable with public displays of emotion. The reaction to the death of Diana, Princess of Wales, startled her. She believed her duty was to look after the princess's grieving sons in Scotland.

Many people disagreed and eventually she travelled down to London to deliver a live television address in which she spoke as a "grandmother" and promised to learn from Diana's example.

Babu abin kunya tattare da ita

Rugugin musifu sun bace. Masu manufar akidar zaben shugabanni sun yunkuro. Dimbin nasarori sun shude - zuwa shekar 2002 an smau cukurkudaddun al'amuran farin ciki da na bakin ciki.

Farko dai 'yar uwarta, sia mahaifiyarta suka rasu. Sarauniya ba ta da isasshen lokacin yin makoki, kodayake dai dubban mutane sun cika da damuwar yadda aka gudanar da bikin cikarta shekara 50 a karagar mulki.

Da bazara a wannan shekarar, bukukuwan kayatarwar bukukuwan ta kwaranya sakamakon watsi da shari'ar Paul Burell (mai hidima a gidan sarauta, wanda ya ce ya sanar da Sarauniya kafin ya dauki wasu takardu daga gidan marigayiya Diana, bayan mutuwarta).

An wanke shi daga laifin satar kayan gidan sarauta, bayan da Sarauniya ta tuna da tattaunawar da ta yi da tsohon baran Diana.

Shekaru uku (bayan mutuwarta), Yarima Charles ya auri Camilla Parker Bowles.

Akwai sauran muhimman al'amura da ke tattare da ryauwarta, wadanda suka hada bikin cikar haihuwarta shekara 80; cikar aurenta shekara 60, wata ziyarar tarihi da ta kai Jamhuriyar Ireland;

Karin tarihin shi ne musafihar da suka yi da ta yi da mataimakin Firai ministan Ireland ta Arewa, marigayi Martin McGuinness wanda a da ya taba zaman kwamandan 'yan na IRA da bikin auren jikanta Yarima William, wanda aka ayyana a matsayin makomar sarautar Birtaniya.

Karin wata muhimmiyar nasarar da ta cimmawa ita ce bikin da ta yi na cika shekara 60 a kan karagar mulki. Ita ce mai sarauta ta biyu da ta kai ga irin wannan gacin (a rayuwa) bayan Sarauniya Victoria.

Yulin 2013 ta kasance zagayowar ranar haihuwar tattaba-kunnenta, Yarima George na Cambridge.

Shi ne karo na farko fiye d ashekara 100 da aka samu kwararan masu jiran gado uku da ke raye a lokaci guda.

Kuma shekaru biyu kadai ta dara Sarauniya Victoria, al'amarin da ya snaya ta zama mai sarautar Birtaniya da ta fi dadewa a karagar mulki. Ta ce ba ta da burin cimma wnanan matsayi.

Duk mun san sarauniyar al'umma Sarauniyar da take a kebe, abokan huldarta sun ce tana da Kankan da kai, a cewar wani, tana "karsashin" barkwanci da baiwar kwikwayo.

Mace ce mai wuyar sha'ani, amma tana da karfin halin bayyana cike da annashuwa da fara'a.

A lokuta da dama, a kan ga mulkinta da kayatarwar annashuwa. Masu sukar lamirinta sun dauka an kangeta daga jama'a.

Sai dai dimbin masu kareta sun doge kan cewa mutane ba su taba daina ganin mutuncinta tare da girmamata ba,, bis la'akari da cewa ba ta da wani abin fada na kunya irin wnada ya baibaye 'ya'yan sarautar Windsor.

A tsawon rayuwarta, wadda mafi akasari ta yi aiki cikin kadaici, ta samu tallafin karfin imaninta da addinin Kiristanci da mijinta.

Gidan sarautar Windsor a halin yanzu yana hannun dnata, kuma wa'adin mulkinsa ba shi da tsawo.

Ko da yake yanzu dama ta samu na yin kai-kawo wajen nazarin tsawon rayuwar Sarauniya mai kunya, wadda ta samu kaunar mutane.

Zamanin sarautar Elizabeth ya sake zagayowa.

©Dukkan hotunan suna da hakkin mallaka