Me ya sa ake sukar Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a kan Gaza da Ukraine?

Tun lokacin da aka fara yaƙin Gaza, shugaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya, yake ta kira da a tsaigaita wuta don kai kayan jin ƙai.

A makon jiya ma ya sake jaddada kiran, inda ya yi gargaɗin cewa ɓangarorin da ke yaƙi da juna sun yi buris da dokokin ƙasa-da-ƙasa.

Ya ce yana son ganin "an ɗauki hanyar samar da ƙasashe biyu na Isra'ila da Palasɗinu domin samun zaman lafiya mai ɗorewa."

A watan jiya, ya yi aiki da doka ta 99 ta yarjejeniyar Majalisar a karon farko, wadda ta bai wa shugaban majalisar damar gabatar da duk wani batun da ya ke ganin barazana ne ga zaman lafiya da tsaro a duniya gaban kwamitin tsaro na majalisar.

Kawo yanzu Isra'ila ta yi watsi da duka kiraye-kirayen tsagaita wuta, tana mai cewa za ta ci gaba da kai farmakinta har sai ta samu nasara a kan Hamas, kuma Firaiminista Benjamin Netanyahu ya yi fatali da batun kafa ƙasar Palasɗinu.

A ƙalla mutane 25,000 aka kashe a Gaza, a cewar ma'aikatar lafiya ta Hamas a hare-haren Isra'ila da ke neman kawar da Hamas tun bayan harin da ƙungiyar ta kai a ranar 7 ga watan Oktoban 2023.

Tun da aka fara yaƙin na Gaza, kwamitin tsaro majalisar ya kasa amincewa kan yarjejniyar tsagaita wuta.

A watan Disamba, kwamitin ya amince da kai ƙarin kayan agaji Zirin Gaza, amma ya gaza kira da a tsagaita wuta.

Amurka wadda ke matuƙar goyon bayan Isra'ila ta hau kujerar naƙi a lokacin da kwamitin ya nemi a cimma tsagaita wuta sau biyu a baya.

Duk da cewa zauren majalisar ya kada ƙuri'a da gagarumin rinjaye na cewa a tsagaita wuta har sau biyu - na ƙarshen shi ne wanda ƙasashe mambobi 153 a cikin 193 suka goyi bayan tsagaita wutar - amma ba a iya daukar wani mataki na tsagaita wutar ba.

Matsayin majalisar ba dole ba ne ƙasashe su yi aiki da shi.

‘Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta yi dogon suma’

Farfesa Fawaz Gerges na makarantar nazarin tattalin arziki ta London kuma masani a fannin siyasa ya ce mamayar Ukraine da Rasha ta yi shekara biyu da suka wuce, yanzu kuma ga rikicin Gaza, sun nuna cewa kwamitin tsaro na majalisar "ya samu shanyewar ɓarin jiki kuma baya aiki" shi kuma zauren majalisar ya zama na "jeka-na-yika maimakon wata hukumar zartarwa".

Yana kallon baram-baram ɗin da aka samu a kwamitin tsaron, wani salo ne na komawa zamanin nuna ƙwanji tsakanin ƙasashe masu ƙarfi na duniya, Rasha da China na gefe ɗaya yayin da Amurka da Turai ke ɗaya ɓangaren.

“ Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniyar da kuma hukumominta sun shiga dogon suma." In ji shi. “Wannan yanayin ya fi yaƙin cacar baka muni.”

Kwamitin tsaro na MƊD na da mambobi 15, 10 daga cikin ana sauyasu, yayin da biyar kuma na dundundun ne.

Biyar ɗin ana kiransu P5 kuma su ne Amurka, Burtaniya, Fransa, Rasha da kuma China.

Kuma suna da ƙarfin hawa kujerar naƙi, abun da ke nufin kowannensu zai iya hana a cimma wata yarjejeniya ko da kuwa duka mambobin sun yarda.

Amurka ta hau kujerar naƙi sau biyu kan tsagaita wuta a Gaza, Rasha kuma ta hau a kan Ukraine.

“Bakin ganga shi ne babban matsalar da ake samu a Majalisar" A cewar Louis Charbonneau na ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin bil-adama ta Human Rights Watch.

“Duk wani ikirarin Amurka na cewa za ta yi biyayya baki ɗaya ga dokokin ƙasa da ƙasa, zance ne kawai, idan sun yi magana a kan Rasha amma basu ɗauki irin matakin ba a kan Isra'ila.

“Kuma ba Amurka ce kaɗai ke yin baki-biyu ba. Don zai ɗaure maka kai idan Rasha tana magana a kan kare fararen hula a Gaza, bayan tana aikata keta haddin wasu a Ukraine."

‘Lokacin da ya shuɗe’

Sinan Ulgen, wani ƙusa ne a tawagar masana ta Carnegie Europe, ya ce kwamitin tsaron an tsara shi ne ta yadda yake nuni da abun da ya faru a lokacin da ya shuɗe.

"Ƙasashe biyar ɗin da suka kasance waɗanda suka samu nasara yaƙin duniyar da aka yi shekara 80 da suka wuce (Yaƙin duniya na biyu) su ne masu hawa kujerar naƙi, kuma babu wata ƙasa da ke da wannan matsayin. " A cewarsa.

“Misali Afrika ba ta da wakili a cikin P5. kuma ƙasar da ke cikin masu yawan al'umma a duniya, India ba ta da wakili a kwamitin, sannan babu wata ƙasa da mafiya yawan al'ummarta Musulmi ne da ke cikin kwamitin na P5.

“Wannan bai dace da buƙatun duniyar da ake ciki ba a yanzu.”

Mista Ulgen ya bayar da shawara kan wasu sauye-sauyen da za su taimaka wajen zamanatar da majalisar:

Ƙungiyar tarayyar Turai a bata kujera guda

Ya kuma yi nuni da matsayin Amurka, inda idan ta kai ga hakan za a iya ba ta matsayi na uku a kwamitin wato, mamba ta dundundun amma mara karfin hawa kujerar naƙi.

Ya ce ko da yake gyaran zai sa kwamitin ya zama ya wanda ya haɗa da waɗanda basa ciki kuma ya ƙara samun wakilai, ba zai kawar da ƙalubalen riƙe wuyan kwamitin da ƙasa guda ɗaya ke yi ba (misali kujerar naƙin da Amurka ta hau) a kan yaƙin Gaza ba.

Duk wani gyaran da za a yiwa kwamitin tsaron sai ya samu amincewar kashi biyu bisa uku na duka mambobin majalisar da duka mambobin dundundun na kwamitin tsaron.

Mai bayar da agaji

Tun kafin yaƙin Gaza MƊD ke fuskantar wani ƙalubale, a cewar Richard Gowan na ƙungiyar International Crisis Group.

A sherar da ta wuce, ya ce kwamitin tsaron na majalisar ya yi ta faɗi-tashin yadda zai tunkari yaƙin Sudan, juyin mulki a Nijar da Rasha da kuma ci gaba da kurarrin da ƙasashen yamma ke yi a kan Ukraine.

Sai dai duk da waɗannan rauni, ya yi amanna cewa kwamitin har yanzu yana da ƙima, a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da Amurka da China da Rasha za su iya zama su cimma yarjejeniya kamar yadda aka gani a kan Afghanisatan.

“Lokacin da Amurka da sauran manyan ƙasashen yamma suka janye daga Afghanisatan, MƊD ta ci gaba da kasancewa a can kuma tana kai kayan agaji, tana tafiyar da makarantu tare da tallafawa miliyoyin mutane," In ji shi.

“Idan ba don MƊD tana tattaunawa da Taliban a can ba, da ta yiwuwu duka ƙasar ta faɗa cikin yunwa.

“Haka batun yake a Gaza, a Syria, da wurare masu yawa, har yanzu hukumomin majalisar ne ke bayar da agajin abinci da magunguna ga waɗanda ke jin jiki."

Majalisar ta haɗa asusu-asusu da shirye-shirye da hukumomi na musamman, kowannensu na da ɓangaren da yake aiki, shugabancinsa da kuma kasafin kuɗinsa.

Sun haɗa da hukumar ƴan gudun hijira ta duniya, (UNHCR), hukumar abinci ta duniya(WFP), hukumar bayar da lamuni ta duniya (IMF), hukumar raya ƙasashe ta majalisar (UNDP), da wasu da dama, waɗanda ke mayar da hankali wajen ɗorewar ci gaba, bunƙasar tattalin arziki, kasuwanci, kiwon lafiya, sauyin yanayi, tsaro, inganta zaman lafiya, sake fasali da bayar da agaji.

“Mun fi mayar da hankali a kan kwamitin tsaron majalisar, muna mantawa da mutane nawa ne a majalisar da ke sanya rayuwarsu cikin hatsari," Louis Charbonneau ya yi nuni da hakan.

Fiye da ma'aikatan majalisar 100 ne aka kashe a yaƙin Gaza, asarar da majalisar bata taɓa gani ba a tarihinta na shekara 78.

Inda ya ƙara da cewa a tsarin majalisar za a iya kafa kwamitin bincike, za a iya sanya takunkumai kan ƙasashe don tabbatar da cewa bata aikata munanan laifuka ba, za a iya kafa rundunonin samar da zaman lafiya, kuma za a iya duba irin keta haƙƙin bil-adaman da aka aikata bayan an kawo ƙarshen yaƙi.

Sai dai ya yarda cewa kwamitin tsaron majalisar faɗi-tashi:

“Majalisar tana da mambobi ƙasashe 193. kyanta ya danganta da kyan ƙasashen da ke cikinta," a cewarsa.

“Ko Rasha ce ke kare Syria ko kuma kanta game da alifukan da take aikatawa a Ukraine ko Amurka ce ke kare Isra'ila daga matsain lamba ko China ke kare Koriya ta Arewa don rufe bakin masu sukarta kan take haƙƙin ɗan adam da take yi a kan ƴan ƙabilar Uighurs…

“Za ka iya samun hukuma mai kyau da yarjejeniyoyi masu kyau, ba zai zama wani abun damuwa ba kwata-kwata idan ƙasashe ba sa son ɗaukar nauyin da ke kansu."

‘Doguwar gwagwarmaya’

A watan Satumba mai zuwa MƊD za ta yi wani taron ƙoli kan makomarta, inda take fatan za a samu damar duba yiwuwar yin gyare-gyare kan shugabanci da kuma sako ƙarfafa amincewa juna.

Richard Gowan na ganin wannan wata dama ce na tattauna muhimman garambawul, jami'an majalisar suna da masaniyar cewa taron ƙolin zai zo ne ƙasa da wata biyu da babban zaben da za a yi a Amurka.

“Lallaɓa jami'an diflomasiyya su shiga wata yarjejeniyar tattaunawa kan garambawul na dundundun a kan majalisar, a lokacin da su ke tunanin nan da shekarar 2025 ta yi wu Trump ya kafa gwamnati abu ne mai wuya, " A cewarsa.

Farfesa Gerges ya yi amanna cewa ba abu ne mai yiwuwa ba a yi tsammanin Amurka za ta yarda da duk wani gyaran fuska a kan majalisar da zai rage mata ƙarfi ba a kwamitin tsaron.

“Wannan doguwar gwagwarmaya ce. ba maganar shekaru goma ba ce," yana mai jaddada cewa har yanzu duniya na buƙatar majalisar.

“[Idan babu Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya], yamutsi ne zai biyo-baya, masu ƙarfi ne kawai za su kai ga nasara," in ji shi.