Shin Amurka na ƙoƙarin kashe kuɗin kirifto ne?

Shekaru uku da suka gabata, mafi yawan kamfanoni da kamfanin Andrew Durgee ya zuba jari suna Amurka.

A wannan shekara, ya kiyasta cewa daya daga cikin kamfanoni 10 zai iya kasancewa tasirin matsayar da kamfaninsa ya yanke ne kasancewar kasar tana cigaba da samun karuwar rikici kan batun kaddarori na zama kamar kudin Kirifto da kudi na zahiri.

"Bangaren gwamnati yana da matukar burin da yake son cimmawa game da kamfaoni," a cewar Mr Durgee, manajan daraktan sashen kudin kirifto na kamfanin.

"Rashin tabbaci game da takamammun dokokin gudanarwa ya sanya fannin zuba jari a Amurka ke fuskantar hadari mafi muni."

Dama fannin yana fuskantar matsin lamba, bayan da darajar kudin kasar tayi kasa a shekarar bara.

Karin koma bayan na zuwa ne sakamakon karayar da wasu manyan fitattun kamfanoni suka fuskanta, da suka hada da kamfanin FTX, wanda shugaban kamfanin Kirifto Sam Bankman-Fried, ke jagoranta, wanda masu gabatar da kara suka zarga da hannu wajen almundahanar kudi mafi girma a Amurka.

Lamarin da ke tattare da matsaloli, hukumomin da ke kula da al'amurran kudi na Amurka sun bullo da karin matakan kula da fannin, wanda hukumomi suka bayyana cewa an fitar da matakan ne tun a shekarar 2017, inda wasu ke ganin cewa dokokin kudin Amurka an tanadesu ne don kare masu zuba jari.

Kudaden Bitcoin, wanda ke wakiltar bangare mafi girma a fannin wanda dubban kudaden ki yawo a tsakanin alumma, wanda jami'ai suke ganin a matsayin wata kaddara, kamar zinare.

Hakan na nufin galibi kudaden dokar kudi da ake amfani da ita ba ta shafe su ba, sabbin dokar kudin kasar ba ta shafesu ba, wanda ya ta'allaka kan tambayoyin da za a iya tafka mahawara kansu game da batun tsaro, bangaren zuba jari ko wata yarjejeniyar takardun lamini na bukatar sanya ido daga babbar hukumar dake sanya ido ta SEC.

Gary Gensler, shugaban hukumar kula hada-hadar hannayen jari, ya kare batun cikin wannan wata, inda ya kwatanta ayyukan hukumar a shekarun 1920, kafin daga bisani Amurka ta aza ayar tambaya kan da dama daga cikin dokkokin: Saboda masu kutse, 'yan damfara.

Daga karshe sai alumma su fada cikin rudanin zuwa kotuna sakamakon durkushewa.

Will Paige, wani mai fashin baki a cibiyar bincike ta Insider Intelligence, ya ce masu son zuciya sun kara kamari tun a shekarar 2021, a lokacin karfin jarin kamfanin ya zarta dala triliyan $3 daidai da (£2.4tn).

"Wannan matukar koma baya ne a fannin kudi. inji shi. "Aminci a fannin yana kara tabarbarewa."

A yayin da ake samun yawaitar kararraki a gaban kotu, abokan hulda suna matukar zuba diliyoyin daloli. Bankunan Amurka suna takaita ayyukansu dake shafar ta'ammali da kudaden Kirifto, inda suke tilasta dena musayar daloli da kudaden, har ma sun yi ikirarin gurfanar da dukkan masu ikirarin lissafa irin wadannan nau'in kudi a matsayin kaddara a gaban kotu, inda suka bayyana rashin tabbas dake tattare da nau'in kudin.

Masu suka sun zargi hukumar SEC karkashin shugabancin Mr Gensler da laifin neman kakaba doka, da nufin gina martabarsa ta siyasa.

Sun yi ikirarin cewa duk da irin kokarin da kamfanin ya yi na gabatar da sabbin dokoki, hukumar ta ki amincewa ta fayyace banbancin dake tsakanin kamfanonin kudin kirifto da yadda tsarin fasaha yake.

Bart Stephens, yace "Lamari ne mai tada hanakali," a cewar manajan kamfanin Blockchain Capital, makudan jarin da aka zuwa na daruruwan kamfanonin kirifto, wasu daga cikinsu kamar yadda yace suna ta fadi tashin neman bankunan da zasu yi huldar kasuwanci dasu. "Babau tantama za a cigaba da kalubalantar wadannan dokoki."

Bill Hughes,babban lauyan kamfanin Consensys, wani kamfani manhaja dake Texas, wanda ke amfani da fasahar tsarin kasuwanc na kirifto, yayi kakkausar suka kan batun. Yace hukumar SEC da farko ta yanke kudirin cewa a karkashin kulawarta kudin kirifto ba zasu kara kasancewa a Amurka ba.

Shin ko yunkurin na SEC zai iya kawar da kamfanonin, adanda aka yi kiyasin mutum guda cikin shida na Amurkawa sun zuba jari a wani daga cikin kamfanonin.

Sai dai Mr Stephens, wanda ake kyautata zaton ya mallaki kusan kamfanoni biyu na kirifto, yace yana tunanin akwai makoma mai kyau a nan gaba, inda ya bayyana farashin kudaden Bitcoin, wanda ya tsaya cik a shekarar 2020, amma samun kyakkyawan tagomashi tun daga farkon wannan shekara, kuma tun daga lokacin sai kara hauhawa yake.

Wasu alamomin da kamfanoni venture da na crypto-investor Andreessen Horowitz, suka hararo, kama daga adadin karfin tsarin cinikayya da kuma yadda ake samun kwararrun kwantiragin da ake aiwatarwa, su ma na karuwa.

Mr Stephens, yace bamu ga an dena kafa sabbin kamfanoni ba, ya kara da cewa kamfanin Blockchain Capital ya zuba jari karin kudade a watannin ukun farko na shekarar 2023 sama da kowane lokaci cikin shekaru 10, bayan da hannun yarin ya sauka kuma kamfanonin dake dataka suka fara janyawa daga bangaren.

Gina Pieters, wani kwararre a fannin kudin kirifto, wanda ke koyarwa a jami'ar Chicago, yayi gargadin cewa, koda bangaren ya bunkasa a wajen Amurka, amma rashin kasuwannin Amurka zai iya matukar tasiri na dakile tagomashin fannin.