Yadda dangi ke kwana da tashi da tunanin ƴan'uwansu da suka yi ɓatan-dabo a jirgin MH370

Asalin hoton, BBC/ Lulu Luo
- Marubuci, Jonathan Head
- Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, BBC News, Kuala Lampur
A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, kalaman da suke kai-komo a ƙwaƙwalwar Li Eryou su ne - 'An daina jin ɗuriya'.
Abin da kamfanin jiragen saman Malaysia ya gaya masa ke nan lokacin da jirgin MH370 ya ɓace, dansa Yanlin na cikin jirgin.
"Tsawon shekaru ina tambayar kaina me ake nufi da 'an daina jin ɗuriya?' Ina gani cewa idan ku ka daina jin ɗuriyar wani, ya kamata ku sake haɗuwa," in ji Mista Li.
Shi da matarsa, Liu Shuangfeng - waɗanda manoma ne daga wani kauye da ke kudancin birnin Beijing - suna ta ƙoƙarin fahimtar wani lamari da ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwa masu ɗaure kai a tarihin sufurin jiragen sama.
A ranar 8 ga Maris, 2014, ƙasa da sa'a ɗaya da fara tafiya a cikin dare, jirgin wanda ya tashi daga Kuala Lumpur zuwa Beijing, matuƙin jirgin ya yi wa masu kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na Malaysia sai da safe. Jirgin Boeing 777 ɗin na dauke da fasinjoji 227 da ma'aikatan jirgin 12, na kan hanyar tsallakawa zuwa cikin sararin samaniyar Vietnam.
Kwatsam sai ya canza hanya, kuma duk wasu hanyoyin sadarwa suka yanke. Ya juya baya, da farko ya koma sararin samaniyar Malasia, sai kuma ya karkata zuwa sararin samaniyar tekun kudancin Indiya, inda ake tunanin ya ci gaba da tafiya har zuwa lokacin da mansa ya ƙare.
An gudanar da aikin neman jirgin mafi girma kuma mafi tsada da aka taɓa yi na tsawon shekara huɗu amma duk da haka ba ji ɗuriyar jirgin ba. Dubban masana kimiyyar teku, injiniyoyin jiragen sama da kuma masu bincike ne suka yi ta ƙoƙarin haɗa bayanai, suna son gano daidai inda tafiyar jirgin ta ƙare.
Ga iyalan waɗanda ke cikin jirgin, waɗannan shekaru goma sun kasance masu cike da baƙin ciki, suna ta ƙoƙarin ganin an ci gaba da neman jirgin domin gano mene ne ya faru da shi kuma mene ne sanadi.
Mista Li ya zagaya duniya don neman goyon baya kan wannan fafutukar. Ya ce kuɗaɗensa duk sun ƙare wajen tafiye-tafiye zuwa Turai da Asiya, da kuma bakin tekun Madagascar, inda aka gano wasu tarkacen jirgin da ya ɓace.
Ya ce ya so ne ya taɓa ƙasar inda ruwa ya kai gawar ɗansa. Lokacin da ya ce bakin tekun Indiya ya riƙa ƙwala wa ɗan nasa kira, yana cewa Yalin ka zo na kai ka gida.
"Zan ci gaba da tafiye-tafiye koda zuwa bangon duniya ne don nemo ɗana," in ji shi.

Asalin hoton, BBC/ Lulu Luo
Yanzu za ku iya samun labaran BBC Hausa kai-tsaye a wayoyinku.
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Ma'auratan, yanzu da shekarunsu suka kai sama da 60 da haihuwa, suna zaune ne a wani yanki na karkara na lardin Hebei na kasar Sin. Yawancin kuɗin da suke samu sun tafi ne don biyan kuɗin karatun yaransu, kuma ba su taba samun kuɗin tafiya ba.
Yanlin shi ne mutum na farko a ƙauyensu da ya fara zuwa jami'a, kuma ya fara samun aiki a kasar waje, yana aiki a kasar Malaysia a wani kamfanin sadarwa.
Yana hanyar komawa China ne don yin biza lokacin da jirgin ya ɓace. "Kafin wannan lamarin ya faru, ba mu taba zuwa ko birnin Handan da ke kusa ba," in ji Mista Li.
Yanzu sun kasance masu tafiya sosai, sun dawo Malaysia don taron tunawa da ɓacewar jirgin shekaru 10 da suka wuce tare da sauran iyalai.
Yanlin na daya daga cikin fasinjoji 'yan kasar Sin 153 da ke cikin jirgin. Iyayensa na daga cikin iyalai kusan 40 na kasar Sin da suka ki karbar kudin sasantawa daga gwamnatin Malaysia, kuma sun shigar da kara a kasar Sin a kan kamfanonin jiragen sama na Malaysia, da kamfanin kera jirage da sauran bangarori.
Sama da shekaru 10, wadanda abin ya shafa sun ci gaba da rayuwarsu, duk da cewa suna jin rayuwarsu a daure ne da jirgin da ya bata.

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Grace Nathan na yin jarrabawarta ta ƙarshe a fannin shari'a a Burtaniya lokacin da MH370 ya bace. Mahaifiyarta Ann na cikin jirgin. Yau ita Barista ce mai ofishinta a Malaysia, kuma tana da yara kanana biyu.
A taron tunawa da ranar bacewar da aka yi a Kuala Lumpur, ta tuna yadda ta rike hoton mahaifiyarta yayin bikin aurenta, kuma ta yi kewar shawararta yayin da take dauke da cikin 'ya'yanta biyu da ya ba ta matukar wahala.
An bayyana wasu ɓangarori na jirgin, shaidar zahiri tilo da aka taɓa ganowa na jirgin. Akwai sassan fikafikan jirgin da suka lalace saboda sun dade a nutse cikin teku, tare da tsarin saƙar zuma na ciki mai ban mamaki.
A cikin taron akwai Blaine Gibson, wanda ya gano tarkacen jirgi na MH370 fiye da kowa.
Za a iya kwatanta Mista Gibson a matsayin mai son yawon bude ido. Ya yi ado da salon Indiana Jones kuma ya yi amfani da kuɗin da aka samu na siyar da gidan danginsa da ke California don tallafawa ƙaunar tafiye-tafiye, tare da burin kansa na ziyartar kowace ƙasa a duniya.
"Lokacin da na halarci bikin cika shekara guda, na sami labarin cewa, babu wani shiri da aka yi na binciken tarkacen ruwa a bakin teku, ba a yi haka ba. Suna kashe miliyoyin daloli a baya, suna bincike a cikin ruwa. Sai kawai na yi tunani, mai yiwuwa tarkacen farko na wannan jirgin wani ne da ke tafiya a bakin teku ne zai same shi. Kuma da yake ba wanda yake yin haka, na yi tunanin zan iya yin shi da kaina."
Ya ce ya yi bincike tsawon shekara guda, a bakin teku daga Myanmar zuwa Maldives, kafin ya gano tarkace na farko, daga na’urar stabiliser ta baya na jirgin, a kan wani shingen yashi a Mozambique.
A wannan lokacin an riga an gano wani babban tarkacen jirgin, wanda aka fi sani da flaperon, na fikafikan jirgin a tsibirin Reunion, wanda ya tabbatar wa iyalai cewa da gaske MH370 ya fada cikin tekun Indiya.
Sassan da aka gano duk an gano su ne watanni 16 ko sama da haka bayan da MH370 ya bace, ruwa ya tafi da su a wasu rairayin bakunan teku na gabashin Afirka.

Asalin hoton, BBC/ Lulu Luo
Binciken da aka yi na magudanar ruwa a kudancin tekun Indiya ya nuna akwai yiwuwar sun fito ne daga inda ake zaton MH370 ya fada cikin tekun.
Tsohon babban jami'in bincike na Malaysia Aslam Khan ya bayyana yadda suka gano su. An daidaita wasu lambobi a wasu sassa da bayanan da masana'antar ke riƙe da su don tabbatar da cewa sun fito ne daga Boeing Airlines na Malaysia.
Rubutu na musamman da aka yi amfani da su a jikin stencil din sun nuna alama mai karfi cewa sassan jirgin ne da ya bata ne. Babu wani jirgin Boeing 777 da ya taba yin hadari ya fado a tekun Indiya.
Har zuwa lokacin da aka gano flaperon din, shaidar kadai da aka samu da ta nuna cewa jirgin ya juya kan kansa shi ne bayanai sojin Malaysia da Thailand, wanda ya hango jirgin yana tashi zuwa yamma a kan tsibirin Malay.
Sannan wani kamfani na Biritaniya, Inmarsat, ya gano jerin pings shida ko "musafaha" da aka yi a duk sa'a tsakanin daya daga cikin tauraron dan adam da MH370 yayin da ya nufi kudu. An kashe duk wani hanyar sauran sadarwa a cikin jirgin.
An yi amfani da waɗannan ƙananan bayanai don daidaita tazarar da ke tsakanin jirgin da tauraron dan adam a kowace sa'a tare da jerin circular arcs, wanda ke ba da kusan wurin da aka yi hatsarin. Amma dai wannan wani babbar yanki ne na ruwa mai tsauri da zurfi sosai.

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Binciken wanda ya kunshi jiragen ruwa 60 da jiragen sama 50 daga kasashe 26, an yi shi ne daga watan Maris din 2014 har zuwa watan Janairun 2017. An ci gaba da bincike a farkon shekarar 2018 har na tsawon watanni biyar da wani kamfani mai zaman kansa na Amurka mai suna Ocean Infinity, ya gudanar ta hanyar amfani da jirage marasa matuka a karkashin ruwa don leka gadar teku.
Rashin samun bayanai ya kara rura wutar tunani da dama, wasu na damun su game da abin da ya faru a cikin jirgin MH370, daga lokacin da aka yi awon gaba da shi aka kai shi Rasha, ko kuma wata kila zuwa sansanin sojin saman Amurka da ke tsibirin Diego Garcia, inda aka harbo shi.
"Wannan bai dace ba," in ji 'yar jaridar Faransa Florence de Changy yayin da ta ke kallon wasu tarkace daga jikin MH370 da aka nuna.
Ms Changy ta rubuta littafi mai tarin bincike, ɗaya daga cikin fiye da 100 da aka buga a kan MH370.
Ta yi nuni da cewa duk hasashen da ake cewa jirgin ya juya ya nufi kudu karya ne. Ta yi imanin cewa tarkacen da aka gano ba daga MH370 ba ne. Ta gabatar da tambayoyi game da kayan da ke cikin jirgin, kuma a cikin littafinta ta nuna cewa watakila jirgin Amurka ne ya harbo shi a kan tekun Kudancin China saboda wannan kaya.
Duk da haka, idan an yarda da bayanan tauraron dan adam da Malaysia da Inmarsat suka gabatar - kuma yawancin masana sun yarda da shi - idan kuma har jirgin ya ci gaba da tafiya zuwa kudu, kawai bayani mai ma'ana daya ce, wani ne ya tuka shi har can da gangan.

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A cikin wani sabon shiri na BBC mai suna "Why planes vanish", ƙwararrun sararin samaniya biyu na Faransa, ɗaya ƙwararren mai tuƙin jirgin sama, sun yi amfani da na'urar simulation don kwaikwaiyon juyawar da jirgin Boeing 777 ya yi a kan tekun Kudancin China, bayan sadarwa ta ƙarshe da jirgin Malaysia da ma'aikatan kula da zirga-zirga ya yi. Sun kammala cewa ƙwararren mai tuƙin jirgin sama ne kawai zai iya yin hakan.
Kasancewar an yi haka ne a daidai lokacin da MH370 ke tafiya daga Malaysia zuwa sararin samaniyar Vietnam ya nuna musu cewa mai tukin jirgin na kokarin boye hakan ne. Kuma ya san cewa zai dau lokaci kafin hukumar kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ta Vietnam ta bayar da rahoton cewa har yanzu jirgin bai tuntube su ba.
Akwai kuma wasu ra'ayoyi - cewa duk wanda ke cikin jirgin sun suma saboda rashin iskar oxygen, bayan an samu jirgin ya yi ƙasa ƙasa wato 'depressurisation' a Ingilishi, ko kuma wata mummunar gobara ko fashewa ta yanke hanyoyin sadarwa tare da tilasta masu tuka jirgin su koma baya. Amma juye-juye masu wahala, da ci gaba da tafiya zuwa kudu na tsawon sa'o'i bakwai, ya sa ba lallai waɗannan ra'ayoyin su kasance gaskiya.
Amma duk da haka ra'ayin cewa daya daga cikin mai tuka jirgin ya tuka jirgin da dukkan fasinjojinsa zuwa ga mutuwa ta ruwa da gangan ba abi ne da za a yarda da shi ba cikin sauki. Babu mai tukin jirgin da ke da tarihin da zai iya yin irin wannan abin.
Duk wannan hasashe ya yi wa iyalai zafi."
Ba na fatan wannan a kan ko babban abokin gaba ne, "in ji Jaquita Gonzalez, matar Patrick Gomes, ma'aikacin jirgin MH370.

Asalin hoton, Lulu Luo/BBC
Tun daga farko iyalai sun soki gwamnatin Malaysia. Da farko don rikitaccen bincike na farko, tare da kurakurai kamar gazawar yin aiki da sauri na bibiyar MH370. Kuma daga baya, saboda rashin amincewarsa na ba da izinin ƙarin bincike, bayan aikin ƙarshe na kamfanin fasaha na Ocean Infinity ya gudanar ya ƙare a tsakiyar 2018.
Kamfanin dai ya bayar da tayin ci gaba da binciken ba tare da neman biyan bukata ba, amma yana bukatar amincewar gwamnati.
A cikin sirri wasu jami'an Malaysia sun yarda cewa gwamnati za ta iya yin fiye da haka. Watakila wannan na daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa ƙasar da ta shiga cikin wani yanayin siyasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Haka kuma an sami bullar cutar korona, wani babban koma-baya wanda kuma ya hana iyalai gudanar da bikin tunawa da su na shekara.
Ministan sufuri na yanzu, Anthony Loke, ya nemi magance hakan ta hanyar halartar bikin cika shekaru 10 a birnin Kuala Lumpur, tare da yin alkawarin iya kokarinsa don gano jirgin da ya bata. Ya sanar da cewa a yanzu yana tattaunawa da Ocean Infinity don yiwuwar sake ci gaba da binciken, a wannan shekarar.
Ocean Infinity ya duba wani yanki mai nisan kilomita 112,000, a 2018. Wurin ya ƙunshi wasu wurare masu ƙalubale, kamar zurfin ruwa, kuma yana iya yiwuwa bai ga jirgin ba.
Wani kwararren masanin IT a sararin samaniyar Biritaniya Richard Godfrey mai ritaya, wani mutumin da aka janyo shi cikin maganar MH370, ya yi imanin cewa a yanzu ya gano wani yanki mafi ƙanƙanta, ta hanyar yin amfani da sabbin ƙididdiga na watsa rediyo ...... Wannan ya kamata ya ba da damar ƙarin bincike mai zurfi ta jiragen sama marasa matuƙa, suna wucewa da yawa a cikin yanki ɗaya.
"Suna tara bayanai biliyan 1.7 a kowace shekara a cikin jerin bayanansu. Yi tunanin wata ƙatuwar koma da masu kamun kifi ke amfani da ita a sassan duniya, cike da signa ta rediyo. Duk lokacin da jirgi ya wuce ta komar, yana huda komar. Hakan ya nuna min inda jirgin yake a wannan lokacin. Cikin sa'oi shida na tashin jirgin MH370 zuwa tekun Southern Indiya, na iya gano matsaloli 313 sau 95. Hakan na baka ƙarin hanya da kuma ainahin wurin da jirgin ya yi haɗari."
Jami'ar Liverpool na gwada hanyoyin da Richard yake bi wajen gano bayanai a halin yanzu wadda ake sa ran za ta tabbatar da ingancin hanyar a karshen wannan shekara.

Asalin hoton, BBC/ Jonathan Head
Iyalan sun ce sun samu kwarin gwiwa da sabbin alkawuran da ministan sufurin ya yi - canjin da ake bukata daga gwamnatin Malaysia, in ji su. Amma sun kasance... An yi masu irin wadannan alkawuran a baya.
"Ina so kawai a gano jirgin," in ji Ms Gonzalez. "Ko zan iya barin mijina ya huta lafiya, a halin yanzu ban yi masa komai ba, ban yi mishi ko bikin tunawa ba, ba zan iya ba, saboda ba mu da wani abu na zahiri daga gare shi."
A wurin taron an kafa babban allo, wanda mutane za su iya rubuta saƙonni, na bege, na juyayi, ko baƙin ciki.
Li ya durkusa ya rubuta sako ga Yanlin da manyan haruffan yaren Sin, sannan ya zauna cikin kuka yana kallon rubutun.
"Dana, yau shekara 10 ke nan", ya rubuta. "Mahaifiyarka da babanka suna nan don dawo da kai gida. Maris 3rd, 2024."











