Yadda Musulunci ya yi tasiri a addinan ƙasar Brazil

Sanya fararen tufafi a ranar Juma'a da sanya hula da mayafi ga mata da russunawa domin girmamawa na cikin abubuwan da mabiya addinai suke yi a wuraren ibadar Candomblé da Umbanda da Quimbanda, waɗanda addinai ne na asalin yankin Afirka da suka yaɗu a Brazil.

Sai dai abubuwan da mutane ba su sani ba shi ne, salon ibadun nan sun samo asali ne daga addinin Musulunci daga Afirka ta sanadiyar bayin da suka isa Brazil masu bin addinin.

Male, kamar yadda suke kiran Musulmi bayi ƴan Afirka, sun isa Brazil ne daga yankin Benin a tsakanin ƙarni na 18 da 19.

Wata masaniyar tarihi, Francirosy Campos Barbosa, da ke aiki a jami'ar São Paulo (USP), ta ce kalmar malê ta samo asali ne daga yaren Yarbawa na kudancin Najeriya da Jamhuriyar Benin.

Masu ibadar waɗanda suka fi yawa a Salvador, sun iya rubutu da karatu Da harshen Larabci, sun iya karanta Qur'ani kuma suna aiwatar da ibadu irin azumi da sauran su.

A Brazil, ana gane Male ne da tsantsar riƙo da addininsu da kuma tsare-tsaren da suke da shi.

Har zuwa shekarar 1835 lokacin da mutanen suka gudanar da wata babbar zanga-zanga a ƙarni na 19 a Salvado, masanin tarihi irin su Wilher Freitas Guimarães, wanda ya yi digirinsa na biyu a jami'ar Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais (PUC-MG) sun yi amannar cewa bayi ƴan asalin Afirka sama da 600, kuma mafi yawanci Musulmi ne suka jagoranci zanga-zangar.

Sai dai zanga-zangar ba ta daɗe ba hukumomi suka daƙile ta, amma masana na ganin ta kawo gagarumar sauyi, sannan tun daga lokacin addinin musulunci ya ƙara samun tagomashi.

Bayan haramta safarar bayi a Brazil a shekarar 1850, sai aka samu ragowar zuwan mutane daga Afirka da Afirka ta Kudu, wuraren da akwai Musulmi sosai zuwa Brazil.

Alamun musulunci a wuraren ibada

Daga cikin muhimmanci misalan tasirin Musulunci akwai sanya farareN kaya musamman a ranar Juma'a.

Barbosa, farfesa a jami'ar USP ta ƙara da cewa fari na nuna tsafta ta jiki da zuciya, sannan ta ce akwai tsarki da ake yi kafin gudanar da ibada.

"Musulmai na saka fararen tufafi ne saboda koyi da Manzon Allah. Dole tufafin su kasance cikin tsafta, musamman a ranar Juma'a," in ji ta.

A nasa ɓangaren, amfani da fararen tufafi a ranar Juma'a ya zama abin koyi ne a Brazil daga Musulmai ƴan asalin Afirka.

Wata alamar kuma ita ce amfanin da wasu rubuce-rubucen da suke kira da "patua", inda suke rubuta ayoyin Qur'ani suna ratayawa domin kariya.

Barbosa ta ƙara da cewa wasu abubuwan da suke ƙara nuna kamanceceniya sun haɗa da russunawa domin girmama na gaba da tsarin gudanar da ibada.

Sai dai André Aluize wanda masanin tarihi ne ya bayyana cewa babu wata alaƙa ta kai-tsaye tsakanin yanayin ibadun baƙaƙen Brazil da addinin musulunci.

Akwai kuma wata ganga mai kama da mandiri da masana tarihi suka ce ya samo asali ne daga Afirka, inda masanan suka ƙara da cewa bayi daga Afirka ne suka shigar da ita ƙasar.

Alamun tasirin

Aluize ya bayar da shawarar cewa zai yi kyau a gano alaƙar da ke tsakanin musulunci da addinan baƙaƙen fata ƴan Brazil ta hanya biyu.

Na farko shi ne tarihin ƴan Afirka tun kafin zuwan addinai, kamar yadda Aluize ya bayyana.

Na biyu kuma a cewarsa shi ne zuwan Male Brazil, da yanayin yadda suke aiwatar da ibada da kuma yadda suke kamanceceniya da sauran al'adun Afirka da suka riga su zuwa yankin.

Amma Farfesa Francirosy Campos Barbosa ta USP, ta ce zai yi wahala a iya fahimtar yanayin cakuɗewar addinai.

"Ba wai cakuɗewa ba ce ko cusa kai, wani tsari ne kawai bayi ƴan asalin Afirka suka bi domin tabbatar da wanzuwar addininsu," in ji ta.

Don haka, a cewarsa, addinin Musulunci, musamman irin wanda aka samo daga Afirka, bai daɗe ba a matsayin addini haɗaɗɗe, domin ya rarrabe ne, inda ya shiga wasu tsare-tsaren ibadun daban.

Amma a wajen Guimarães, ba wai maganar cigaba da aiwatar da yanayin ibadar addinin Musulunci ba ce, magana ce ta shiga wuri a saba da yanayinsu.

"Zai fi kyau idan aka yi maganar yadda suka yi domin wanzar da addininsu. Ba wai cakuɗewa kawai suka yi ba, sun bi wasu matakai ne domin tabbatar da wanzuwar addininsu," in ji shi.

Candomblé da André Aluize sun yi amannar cewa addinin Musulunci ya taka rawa sosai a addinin baƙaƙen fata mutanen Brazil, sannan suka ƙara da cewa al'ummar yankin na da kyakkyawar fahimta game da Musulunci.

Aluize ya ce yadda ake ƙara samun masu bincike da sababbin abubuwan da ake ganowa dangane da addinin ƴan Afirka a Brazil ya taimaka wajen ƙara fahimtar tasirin Musulunci a addinan mutanen yankin.

Amma mutanen yankin da aka zanta da su, sun bayyana cewa rawar da addinin Musulunci ya taka a ƙasar Brazil ya ƙara faɗaɗa nazarin da ake yi kan bayi da bauta a ƙasar.

Barboza ta ƙara da cewa zai yi wahalar gaske a iya tabbatar da yanayin zurfin ilimin bayin Afirka, saboda a cewarta ba a yi rubuce-rubuce sosai ba a game da Male.

Ta ƙara da cewa sanin tarihin ya taimaka wajen fahimtar tasirin da addinin Musulunci a tarihin kafuwar ƙasar Brazil.

"Sai dai abin takaicin shi ne akwai tsanar da ake wa Musulmai musamman alaƙanta addinin da ta'addanci da muzguna wa mata. Ba mu da cikakkiyar masaniya kan addinin Musulunci da yanayin iliminsu, uwa-uba ma a ce tarihin addininn daga Afirka," in ji ta.

Ta ce suna zaune ne a ƙasa da ake nuna bambancin launin fata, "don haka zai yi wahala a samu baƙaƙen sun samu manyan muƙamai har su zama jagorori a addinan ƙasar."