Ƙasar da har yanzu Putin ke da 'yan ga-ni-kashe-nin magoya baya

Tun bayan mamayen Rasha a Ukraine, ƙasashen duniya ala tilas suka ɗauki ɓangare a rikicin.

Ƙasashen Yamma sun ƙaddamar da jerin takunkumai, amma ban da ƙasa ɗaya ta nahiyar Turai, zaɓin yin hakan na cike da matsaloli.

Sabiya, da ke gefen Belarus, babbar ƙawar Rasha, ita ce kawai ƙasar Turai da ba ta ƙaƙaba wa Shugaba Vladimir Putin takunkumi ba.

Shugaban Sabiya, Aleksandar Vucic tun baya ya fi tafiya da ra'ayin Ƙasashen Yamma a kan Ƙasashen Gabashin Turai amma a yanzu yana fuskantar matsin lamba, na ya zaɓi ɗaya tsakanin dogon burin ƙasarsa na shiga Tarayyar Turai ko kuma ya ci gaba da tafiya da tsohuwar abokiyar ƙawancensu, Rasha.

Saboda duƙufarsu na tabbatar da ganin an ci gaba da tattalin alaƙarsu da Rasha, Sabiyawa masu tsananin kishin ƙasa, suna ƙara ɗaga murya tun bayan ɓarkewar yaƙin.

Sashen Binciken ƙwaƙwaf na BBC Eye ya kwashe tsawon shekara yana bincike a kan Sabiyawa 'yan kishin ƙasar Rasha, kuma ya bi diddigin alaƙarsu da gwamnatin Moscow.

Masu tsananin kishin ƙasa

Damjan Knezevic ya ja hankalin duniya lokacin da ya tattaro dubban mutane zuwa babban birnin ƙasar, don nuna goyon baya ga yaƙin Rasha, kwanaki ƙalilan bayan da dakarun Shugaba Putin suka mamaye Ukraine.

Tana ɗaya daga cikin zanga-zangar nuna goyon bayan Rasha mafi girma da aka gudanar cikin nahiyar Turai a lokacin.

Masu zanga-zanga sun yi ta karkaɗa tutocin Rasha da ɗaga alamomin harafin 'Z' don nuna goyon baya ga yaƙin take yi, da kuma hotunan shugaban ƙasar Rasha. Har ma wasu suna rera taken: "Vladmir Putin ne shugabanmu."

"Muna da yaƙi a Yukren. Mu 'yan kishin ƙasa ne, jazaman ne sai mun goyi bayan 'yan'uwanmu. Wannan ce siyasarmu, wannan ne tarihinmu," Knezevic ya faɗa wa BBC.

"Haƙiƙanin gaskiya ina kallon wata sabuwar Turai, kuma mai yiwuwa wata sabuwar duniya bayan wannan yaƙi."

Knezevic da ƙungiyarsa - Sintirin Jama'a (People's Patrol) - sun yi ƙaurin suna wajen tsattsauran ra'ayin ƙin jinin Musulmai 'yan ci-rani, kuma suna kambama manufofin tarzoma.

Alaƙa da Wagner

A watan Nuwamban 2022, watanni takwas da fara yaƙin Yukren, Knezevic ya amince da wata gayyata da aka gabatar masa don kai ziyara zuwa kamfanin Wagner na sojojin hayar Rasha mai ƙaurin suna, ana zargin sa da aikata laifukan yaƙi a Siriya da Afirka da kuma Ukraine.

Knezevic ya kai ziyara sabuwar cibiyar yaɗa bayanan Wagner da aka buɗe a birnin St Petersburg, kuma daga bisani ya faɗa wa BBC cewa shi "gaba ɗaya yana goyon bayan duk abin da kamfanin Wagner ya yi".

Makonni bayan ziyarar da ya kai Rasha, an ga Knezevic a kan iyakar Kosovo, sanye da tambarin Wagner cikin wani halin fito-na-fito da 'yan sandan kan iyaka.

Sai dai ya musanta karɓar wasu kuɗaɗe daga Wagner - amma idan batun ya tabbata gaskiya ne, hakan na iya janyo zarge-zargen cewa Rasha na amfani da masu tsananin kishin ƙasa kamar Knezevic wajen tunzura zaman ɗar-ɗar a yankin Balkans.

People's Patrol ba ƙungiya ce mai rijistar hukuma a Sabiya ba, don haka ba shi da wani asusun kasuwanci da BBC za ta iya bin diddigi. Sai dai ana alaƙanta Knezevic da sauran ƙungiyoyi da dama da suka yi rijistar kamfani a Sabiya, amma rahotannin harkokin kuɗi na shekara-shekara sun nuna rashin alaƙa da Rasha.

"Taimakon da Rasha ta samar ga irin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi ba a ƙarƙashin hukumomin ƙasa suka gudana ba - abin na tafiya ne ta hanyar ƙungiyoyin da ba na hukuma ba," kamar yadda Eric Gordy, farfesa na tsangayar nazarin Slavonic da Gabashin Turai a Jami'ar University College ta London, ya faɗa wa BBC.

"Suna iya yin wani abu da ke da matuƙar girman tasiri, ya samu ɗumbin yayatawa, mai yiwuwa ma har a matakin duniya, kuma suna iya yin hakan da 'yan kuɗi ƙalilan.

Za su iya yin wannan cikin sauƙi kuma idan wani abu ya faru, har ya zama gaske, a kullum za su iya cewa babu yadda suka iya," ya ƙara da cewa.

Wutar tsattsauran ra'ayin kishin ƙasa ta daɗa ruruwa a lokacin da suke jin cewa Shugaba Vucic na nazari don cimma yarjejeniyar shiga Tarayyar Turai, abin da ake tsoron zai sanya Serbia ta yi watsi da iƙirarinta na mallakar Kosovo.

A ranar 15 ga watan Fabrairu, Knezevic ya shirya wata zanga-zanga a Belgrade inda ya yi wa shugaban ƙasar barazana, yana cewa "Za mu haɗu da kai, Vucic".

Daga nan ya jagorancin taron mutane zuwa fadar shugaban ƙasar.

A daren ne, Shugaba Vucic ya bayyana a kafar talbijin yana cewa ba zai lamunci duk wani katsalandan ɗin ƙasashen waje cikin harkokin siyasar Sabiya ba.

"Ba na buƙatar wani daga Wagner ya zo yana yaba mini, kuma yana faɗa mini abin da zan yi da wanda ba zan iya yi ba."

Daga bisani, an tuhumi Knezevic da kiran a yi wa gwamnatin Shugaba Vucic juyin mulki ta ƙarfin tsiya. Bayan shafe tsawon wata biyu a gidan yari, an sake shi, amma aka ci gaba da yi masa shari'a.

Matsalar Kosovo

Kamar da Knezevic, Sabiyawa masu yawa na ɗaukar Kosovo, a matsayin tushen ƙasar Sabiya da kuma addininsu na tun tale-tale.

Har zuwa shekarun 1990, Sabiya da Kosovo dukkansu suna cikin Yugoslavia ne.

Sai dai lokacin da zaman tarayyar ya ɗaiɗaice a wani mummunan yaƙi, Sabiya ta yi ƙoƙarin ci gaba da riƙe Kosovo.

Sai dai ƙabilun Albaniyawa masu rinjaye sun fi son a ba su 'yancin cin gashin kansu, amma Sabiyawa 'yan tsiraru suka yi ta faɗa don kyautata alaƙa da Sabiya.

Tunzurin ƙabilanci ya janyo kowanne ɓangare ya aikata munanan aika-aika, sai dai lokacin da Sabiyawa suka fara yi wa Albaniyawa kisan ƙare dangi a Kosovo, sai ƙungiyar tsaro ta Nato ta shiga cikin lamarin. Luguden bama-bamansu na tsawon mako 11 a kan Sabiyawa da ke Kosobo da Sabiya ne ya kawo ƙarshen rikicin.

Lokacin da Kosovo ta ayyana samun 'yanci a 2008, manyan ƙasashen Yamma sun mara mata baya -- sai dai Sabiya ba ta yarda da wannan mataki ba.

Rasha ta goyi bayan matsayin Sabiya, inda ta tokare damar martaba Kosovo a matsayin ƙasa a Kwamitin Sulhu na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya, wannan ne kuma ɗaya daga manyan dalilan da masu tsananin kishin ƙasa kamar Knezevic ke ganin Rasha a matsayin abokiyar ƙawance.

"In ba don Rasha ba, da mun rasa wani ɓangare na yankin iyakar ƙasarmu mai tsarki tun da daɗewa," Knezevic ya shaida wa BBC.

Girman ƙawancen masu tsananin kishin ƙasa a siyasa

Yayin da Knezevic ke wakiltar 'yan tsananin kishin ƙasa a matakin kan titi a Sabiya, a baya-bayan nan an kafa wani sabon ƙawance tsakanin jam'iyyun siyasa na masu tsaurin ra'ayin kishin ƙasa.

Ɗaya daga cikin rukunonin 'yan adawa mafi girma a majalisar dokokin ƙasar, da ke da yawan kimanin kujeru kashi 15%, yana neman goyon bayan Rasha a yunƙurin dawo da Kosovo ƙarƙashin ikon Sabiya.

Bosko Obradovic, jagoran jam'iyyar Dveri, yana da daɗaɗɗen tarihin alaƙa da ƙasar Rasha.

Kamar Sabiyawa masu tsananin kishin ƙasa da yawa, ya ƙi amincewa ya zanta da BBC. Sai dai bayan an sha roƙo tsawon watanni, daga ƙarshe ya yarda a yi hira da shi.

"Rasha, ƙasa ce mai son abota kuma abokiyar ƙawance. Rasha ba ta taɓa yi mana luguden bama-bamai ba, Rasaha ba za ta raba Kosovo da Sabiya ba. Rasha ba ta amince da 'yancin Kosovo ba. Kai a ɓangaren Sabiya ma take cikin dumbin harkokin duniya daban-daban," Obradovic ya ce.

Yayin masu tsananin kishin ƙasa suka yi watsi da matsin lambar Amurka da Turai a kan Sabiya ta martaba 'yancin Kosovo, abubuwa da ke faruwa a gida sun canza salon muhawara.

A farkon watan Mayu, harbe-harbe guda biyu, sa'o'i a tsakani ciki har da wanda aka yi a wata makaranta sun yi sanadin mutuwar mutum 19.

Kashe-kashen sun bijiro da wani gagarumin gangamin mutane don yaƙi da tarzoma.

Muryoyin masu tsananin kishin ƙasa da ke goyon bayan Rasha waɗanda a baya ake jin su da kaifi, a yanzu sun koma ƙasa-ƙasa.