Manyan kamfanonin mai sun yi hasashen sauyin yanayi tun shekarun 1970- Masana

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin mai a duniya ya yi hasashen yadda sauyin yanayi zai kawo sauyi ga yanayin zafi na duniya wanda zai sa zafi ya ƙaru.

Masu bincike sun ce kamfanin ya yi wannan hasashen ne tun kusan shekarun 1970.

Bincken da kamfanin ExxonMobil ya yi cikin sirri, ya yi hasashen yadda ƙona makamashi mai fitar da hayaƙi zai ɗumama duniyar da muke ciki sai dai kamfanin ya fito fili ya nesantar da kansa da wannan bincike, in ji masu binciken.

Masu binciken sun bi diddigi da kuma tantance bayanai na kamfanin. Sai dai ExxonMobil ya musanta waɗannan zarge-zargen.

"Wannan lamari ya sha tasowa sau da dama a ƴan shekarun nan, amma a kowane lokaci amsarmu ita ce: wanda ya yi magana kan yadda "Exxon ya sani" ba gaskiya bane a maganar su," kamar yadda kamfanin ya shaida wa BBC.

Kamfanoni ciki har da ExxonMobil sun samu biliyoyin kuɗi daga sayar da mai da sauran makamashi waɗanda masana kimiyya da kuma gwamnatoci da Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ke ganin suna jawo ɗumamar yanayi.

Binciken da aka yi ya gano cewa hasashen da ExxonMobil ya yi ya fi zama gaskiya fiye ma da na manyan masana kimiyya na hukumar Nasa.

"Wannan ya fito da munafuncin shugabancin ExxonMobil ƙarara, wa ya san cewa masana kimiyyarsu suna irin wannan binciken mai ƙwari kuma suna da bayanai irin waɗannan amma kuma suna faɗa wa sauran jama'a cewa batun sauyin yanayi shirme ne," in ji Naomi Oreskes, w`adda Farfesa ce kan tarihi a Jami'ar Harvard a tattaunawarta da BBC.

Waɗannan bayanai sun kasance kamar wata "bindiga mai hayaƙi', kamar yadda marubuci Geoffrey Supram, wanda Farfesa ne a tsangayar koyar da kimiyyar muhalli da tsare-tsare ta Jami'ar Miami.

"Sharhin da muka yi ya ba mu dama a karon farko mu saka adadi kan abin da Exxon ya sani, kan cewa man da suke fitarwa yana kawo ɗumamar yanayi da kusan 0.2 a ma'aunin celcius duk bayan shekara 10," in ji shi.

Masu binciken ba su taɓa ƙididdige irin hujjojin da ke cikin takardun ExxonMobil ba, in ji shi.

A martanin da ya mayar, kamfanin ExxonMobil ya bayar da misali da wani hukunci da kotu ta yanke a Amurka a 2019 wanda hukuncin ke cewa "Shugabannin ExxonMobil da ma'aikatan kamfanin sun yi ƙoƙari matuƙa wurin gudanar da ayyukansu ta hanyar da ta dace.

"ExxonMobil na bayar da gudunmawa wurin magance matsalolin sauyin yanayi da kuma barazanar da yake ɗauke da ita," in ji shi.

Farfesa Oreskes ta bayyana cewa abubuwan da aka gano sun nuna cewa ExxonMobil da gangan ya karkatar da hankulan mutane da gwamnatoci.

"Suna da duka waɗannan bayanan a hannunsu amma suna faɗin abubuwa daban-daban ga al'umma," in j ita.

Binciken da aka gudanar a baya kan takardun Exxon sun nuna cewa kamfanin ya yi niyyar baza bayanai masu shakku kan kimiyya.

Wata maƙala ta cikin gida kan batun matsayar Exxon ya haƙiƙance kan rashin tabbacin illolin sinadarai masu gurɓata muhalli a kimiyyance.

Binciken wanda aka wallafa shi a wata mujalla ta kimiyya ta nuna cewa ExxonMobil na da wata ƙididdiga wadda hankali zai iya ɗauka kan yadda za a iya rage fitar da gurɓatacciyar iskadomin kare duniya daga sauyin yanayi mafi muni.

Haka kuma masana kimiyyansu sun yi watsi da batun cewa akwai lokacin da wani sanyin ƙanaƙara inda a lokacin wasu wasu masana kimiyya na can suna ta muhawara.

Farfesa Oreskes da kuma Farfesa Supran sun gudanar da wani bincike bayan wasu ƴan jarida a 2015 sun gano wasu hujjoji da suke nuna cewa ExxonMobil yana da masaniya kan sauyin yanayi sai dai Exxon ɗin ya zarge su ɓoye gaskiya.