Imvo zitatu zerekana ko Putin ari kibirengeye ku rugero rutari bwigere rubaho

Perezida Vladimir Putin w’Uburusiya yatsindiye ikiringo kigira gatanu nk’umukuru w’igihugu maze aba yiciriye inzira yo gushobora kurongora Uburusiya gushika nibura mu 2030.

Mw’ijambo ry’intsinzi yashikirije, avuga ko intsinzi yiwe izotuma Uburusiya butera imbere, “bugakomera kandi bugakora bigashimwa”.

Yatsinze ku majwi 87%, urugero rusumba urwo mu matora aheruka aho yari yayatsinze kuri 76%, n’aho ata mukeba yizewe yari ahanganye nawe, na rirya Kremlin (ibiro vy’umukuru w’igihugu) igenzura poritike, ibinyamakuru n’amatora muri iki gihugu.

Abategetsi benshi b’Uburengero bariyamirije ano matora bavuga ko ata bwisanzure bwarimwo, harimwo na Perezida Volodymyr Zelensky wa Ukraine avuga ko Putin ari umutegetsi “w’igitugu, aborewe ubutegetsi”, akongerako ati: "Nta kibi na kimwe atazokora kugira ngo inkomezi ziwe zibandanye ziyongera".

Putin w’imyaka 71 - yabaye umukuru w’igihugu ku ncuro ya mbere ku musi wa nyuma w'umwaka wa 1999 ni ukuvuga ku wa 31 Kigarama (12) – amaze kuba umukuru w’igihugu wa mbere amaze igihe kirekire kuva kuri Joseph Stalin, ubu akaba agiye gusumba uno mutegetsi w’Umusoviyeti yatwaza igitugu.

Nubwo Abarusiya bariko barapfira mu ntambara muri Ukraine, ubu ikaba yinjiye mu mwaka ugira gatatu kandi Uburusiya bukaba bwarataramuwe n’Uburengero, ng’izi imvo zitatu zerekana ingene Putin akomeye kurusha ibindi bihe vyose vy’imbere y’aha.

'Kugenzura no gutuza abakeba'

Andrei Soldatov, umunyamakuru w’Umurusiya asanzwe aba mu buhungiro i Londres kuva ataye agahunga mu 2020, agira ati: "Putin arazi ingene ashobora gutuza ibiyago ivyo ari vyo vyose vya poritike mu gihugu. Kandi kubera abifitiye ubushobozi bwinshi, arashoboye no gutuza abakeba biwe muri poritike”.

Abandi bakandida batatu bonyene ni bo babonetse muri ano matora yo mu 2024, kandi muri bo nta n’umwe yaboneka ko yari guhangara Putin. Bose bagaragaza ko bashigikiye umukuru w’igihugu be n’intambara yo muri Ukraine.

Abakeba nyabo ba Putin barapfunzwe, barishwe canke barigijwe inyuma mu buryo ubu canke buriya, n’aho Kremlin ihakana ko ata ruhara ibifisemwo.

Ukwezi kumwe imbere y’ano matora, umukeba nyamukuru wa Putin, Alexei Navalny yari afise imyaka 47, yapfiriye mw’ibohero, inyuma y’aho aciriwe umunyororo w’igihe kirekire ku vyaha vya magendo, gusuzugura sentare hamwe n’ubutagondwa, ibirego vyaneguwe ko vyari bishingiye kuri poritike.

Soldatov ati: "Putin aranka cane abakeba biwe. Inyishu atanga iyo hari umunyaporitike akomeye yishwe ni ukwivugira ati ‘ntaco yari amaze’, agafatira ku kungene ashigikiwe mu gihugu mu kwivugira ati ‘nomwicira iki?’. Kremlin irazi cane gutanga ibi vyitwazo".

Abakeba nyamukuru ba Putin batari bake, kuva ku banyaporitike gushika ku banyamakuru, barapfuye.

Mu mwaka uheze, umukuru wa wa muhari w’abacangero Wagner, Yevgeny Prigozhin, yarapfiriye mw’isanganya ry’indege haciye amezi make agerageje imigumuko.

Mu 2015, umunyaporitike yari akomeye yamunegura, Boris Nemtsov, yarapfuye arasiwe ku kiraro kiri hafi ya Kremlin, hanyuma mu 2006, umunyamakuru yanegura cane intambara yo muri Tchétchénie/Chechnya, Anna Politkovskaya, yatowe yapfuye arashwe i Moscou.

Soldatov ati: "Birateye ubwoba cane kuba mu gihugu abanyamakuru, abanyaporitike n’abaharanira agateka ka muntu bicwa bagapfungwa.

"Ari na co gituma abanyagihugu basanzwe bapfa kwemera ibivugwa na Kremlin, atari uko tuvyemera, ariko kubera turondera inzira yo kubibamwo uko nyene”.

Putin yamye agerageza kandi kugenzura abakeba biwe muri rusangi. Kuva mu 2022, inyuma y’igitero kuri Ukraine, Kremlin yashizeho amategeko mashasha yo gutuza ivyiyumviro bitandukanye n’ivya reta, haza ivyaha bishasha nko “gutesha agaciro igisirikare c’Uburusiya” bishobora guhanishwa umunyororo wo gushika ku myaka itanu.

Umukuru w’igihugu yavuze ko imyiyerekano muri ano matora ataco yari guhindura kandi ko “ivyaha” ivyo ari vyo vyose vyari guhashwa inyuma y’amatora.

Soldatov ati: "Muri iyi misi ikibazo si amakuru amwe amwe kuri BBC canke Radio Free Europe, ikibazo ni abantu bashobora kubona ikintu mu mabarabara bagaca bagisohora kigahanahanwa n’amamiriyoni y’abantu.

"Putin aremeza ko igihugu gifise izi ntege nke cane, ari na yo mpamvu azi neza ko ategerezwa gutuza abakeba abo ari bo bose kuko arazi neza ko impindurantwaro (revolution) izokurikira ishobora gutangurwa n’abakobwa babiri canke batatu bokwiha amabarabara".

Intambara yo muri Ukraine

Mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru inyuma y’amatora, Perezida Putin yariyemeje kwongereza akariro mu ntambara yiwe muri Ukraine.

Mu gihe yinjiye mu mwaka ugira gatatu, ino ntambara ntiyatanze intsinzi yihuta Abarusiya benshi bari biteze ariko Dr Ekaterina Schulmann, umuhinga w’Umurusiya muri poritike aba i Berlin, avuga ko Putin ariko akoresha ino ntambara ku nyungu ziwe.

Ati: "Igihe itangura, abantu bari biteze ko vyari kugenda nk’uko vyagenze kuri Crimée/Crimea, intsinzi ikomeye, ariko ntiyabaye ngufi canke ngo ireke no guhitana Abarusiya, kandi yaragize ingaruka ku mbono bafise kuri bo nyene ubwabo, ku makungu hamwe no ku mutegetsi wabo”.

Dr Schulmann yemeza ko igitero co ku wa 24 Ruhuhuma (2) kitari ikibazo gikomeye ku Barusiya nk’uko cari imbere y’amakungu.

Ati: "Cari igihe caranzwe n’umunezero mu Burusiya, co kimwe n’ibihe vyakurikiye. Ariko igihe mu kw’icenda 2022 reta itegekeye abantu kwinjira igisirikare, amakenga yariyongereye cane, abantu bagira ubwoba bwinshi cane mbere abashigikiye intambara baragabanuka”.

Soldatov aremera kandi akemeza ko, igihe bibonekeye ko mu Burusiya ibitigiri vy’abanyagihugu bashigikiye intambara vyagabanutse, Putin yaciye ahindura imvugo.

Ati: "Ubu ntikiri intambara na Ukraine, ahubwo ni intambara n’Uburengero, kandi ibi biriko bituma Abarusiya benshi bumva bishimye kubera igisirikare kudahanganye gusa n’agahugu gato, ahubwo kiracahanganye n’umukeba akomeye cane".

Mw’ijambo yashikirije igihugu ku wa 29 Ruhuhuma(2), Putin yagabishije Uburengero ko butohirahira ngo burungike ingabo muri Ukraine yongera avuga ko Uburusiya bukeneye gutsimbataza urwego rwabwo rwo kwivuna umwansi mu gihe Suwede na Finland vyariko vyinjira muri OTAN/NATO.

Soldatov ati: "Bose mu gihugu, na jewe ndimwo, twigishije mw’ishure ko Ubwami bw’Uburusiya ari bwo bwami bwonyene kw’isi bwari bwubatswe n’abantu b’abanyamahoro.

“Bose barondera kudutera, rero iyo ukoreye ku majambo y’uko OTAN iriko isugereza imbibe zawe, abanyagihugu barakwumva cane”.

Vyongeye, Soldatov yemera ko Uburengero butarashobora gusigurira amakungu uko bikwiye igituma intambara yo muri Ukraine ari ikintu gikomeye.

Ati: "Abanyagihugu muri Afrika, Amerika y’ubumanuko, nk’akarorero, ntibatahura igituma iyi ntambara yobaraza ishinga, iki kikaba ari igihengeri Putin ariko arakorerako.

"Putin arazi cane gukorera ku murage w’intwaro y’igisoviyeti, ari naco gituma umugabane wa Afrika uriko uraba kirumara, mbere ibihugu bimwe bimwe bikaba biriko vyiyemeza imigambi y’ibikorwa remezo n’imfashanyo za gisirikare”.

Ubutunzi bw’Uburusiya buriko buraduga

Nubwo Uburusiya bwafatiwe ibihano bikaze inyuma y’igitero kuri Ukraine, iki gihugu catangaje abahinga batari bake mu vyo ubutunzi mu kuba igihugu ca mbere gifise ubutunzi buriko bwiyongera ku muvuduko udasanzwe ku mugabane wa Bulaya.

Alexey Kalmykov, umunyamakuru wa BBC w’Umurusiya mu vyo ubutunzi, avuga ati: "Ubutunzi bwifashe neza, ibintu vyose vyifashe neza, ibi bituma Putin akundwa cane kuko yasubiye kwigaragaza nk’umuntu yatsinze Uburengero mu gitero cabwo gikomeye ku butunzi bw’Uburusiya”.

Aho gusenyuka nk’uko benshi bari bavyiteze, ubutunzi bw’Uburusiya bwariyongereye ku rugero rwa 2.6%, nk’uko vyerekanwa n’ibiharuro vy’ikigega mpuzamakungu FMI, nubwo Uburengero bwabufatiye ibihano, harimwo ifatwa ry’imitahe y’imiriyaridi 300 z’amadorari y’Abanyamerika.

Ariko ibi bihano ntivyashizwe mu ngiro n’ibihugu vyose kw’isi. Ibi vyatumye Uburusiya bushobora gukorana urudandazwa n’ibihugu nk’Ubushinwa, Ubuhindi na Brezili, mu gihe ibihugu bibanyi harimwo Kazakhstani na Armenia, biriko birafasha Uburusiya mu kuzunguruka ibihano vy’Uburengero.

Kalmykov ati: "Uburusiya bufise ubutunzi bukomeye cane. Bizosaba imyaka mirongo kugira ngo ibi bihano bibusenyure.

"Uburusiya buronka amahera mu bidandazwa bushora hanze kandi gushika ubu burashora ico bushatse ata nkomanzi”.

"Ibihano ku bitoro ntaco bivuze, hanyuma gaze, intete be n’umuyagankuba wa nikleyeri, ntivyigeze bifatirwa ibihano n’umukiriya nyamukuru w’Uburusiya – ari we Ubumwe bwa Bulaya".

Dr Schulmann avuga ko nubwo “ibiciro vyikuvye icuro zine" ugereranije n’imbere y’aha, ibidandazwa biraboneka, akavuga ko iki ari co nkenerwa gusumba.

Ati: “Abarusiya baramenyereye iduga ry’ibiciro. Ubwoba nyamukuru mu gihugu si itituka ry’agaciro k’ifaranga, ahubwo ni igihe ubutunzi bw’igihugu bwosenyuka, ibidandazwa bigakena – amahano y’imisi ya nyuma yintwaro y’igisoviyeti".

Kalmykov aremera, aho avuga ati: "Vyose ni ikibazo co gutegura, iki naco kikaba ari kimwe mu bintu abamamaza Putin bazi cane kudugirako".

Ariko ibi ntibishobora kubandanya imyaka n’imyaka...

Nubwo Putin aboneka ko yabaye kibirengeye ku rugero rutari bwigere ruboneka, Dr Schulmann agabisha ko impera n’imperuka ibi bizohera.

Bitewe n’impiduka z’ibwirizwashingiro ry’Uburusiya zemejwe muri kamarampaka yo mu 2020, Putin aremerewe ibindi biringo nibura bibiri vy’imyaka itandatu kimwe kimwe, ibi bigashobora kuzomutuma arongora Uburusiya gushika mu 2036 – igihe azoba afise imyaka 83.

Schulmann ati: "Si nibaza ko azohava akukuruka. Ikiriho, akeneye gupfira ku butegetsi hanyuma agasubirirwa n’abantu basangiye kamere y'ubutegetsi bw'igitugu".

Ariko Dr Schulmann avuga ko ibi bishobora kudashika.

Avuga ko intwaro y’Uburusiya iriko “irasaza” kandi ko “irongowe n’umuntu adatera aja mu myaka y’ubuyabaga, adatera akomera canke yiyubura”, akarangiza avuga ko “iri tuze ryose igihugu gifise riri mu minwe y’umuntu umwe rudende adashobora kubaho imyaka n’imyaka”.