Uriko ubona ku rubuga aherekana amakuru mu nyandiko gusa, hakoresha uburyo buke. Ja ku rubuga nyamukuru ubone amakuru mu nyandiko iherekejwe n'amasanamu.
Njana ku rubuga nyamukuru canke aho gusoma gusa
Ibindi vyerekeye ingene urwo rubuga rugutwara uburyo (ama mega) buke
Harakenewe ingingo zihutirwa mu gihe malaria iriko iranesha imiti nyamukuru
- Umwanditsi, James Gallagher
- Igikorwa, Umunyamakuru mu vyo amagara y'abantu n'ubuhinga
Amamiriyoni n'amamiriyoni y'abantu barageramiwe ari nka hamwe ata cokorwa kugira ngo ikwirakwira rya malaria itumva imiti nyamukuru rihagarikwe muri Afrika, nk'uko abahiga bagabisha.
Imigera ya malaria ishobora kunesha umuti nyamukuru wa malaria artemisinin ubu yashinze ruraguma muri Afrika y'Ubuseruko.
Urugero rwo kwanka umuti rwaraduze mu duce tumwe tumwe, ruva musi ya 1% rurarenga 20% mu kiringo c'imyaka itatu gusa.
Igihe malaria iherukira kunesha imiti muri Afrika irkaandaranda, ibitigiri vy'abana bahitanywe na yo vyariyongera incuro zitatu.
Abahinga 28 bakuru bakuru mu bijanye no kurwanya malaria bava mu bihugu cumi batera akamo ko hofatwa inging zihutirwa babicishije mu kinyamakuru Science c'ubuhinga.
Artemisinin yica umugera wa malaria kandi ni umuti nyamukuru mu kuvura ino ngwara.
Imigera ishobora kunesha artemisinin yabonetse ubwa mbere muri Afrika mu Rwanda, mu nyuma ikwira muri Uganda na Eritrea.
Iyi migera itumva imiti yabanje gukwirakwira mu bihugu yarimwo mu nyuma ijabuka imbibe.
Ubu ibice birenga 10% vy'abarwaye malaria bayitewe n'imigera itumva imiti muri Ethiopia, Eritrea, Rwanda, Uganda na Tanzania.
Prof Olugbenga Mokuolu,wo mu gisata kivura abana kuri kaminuza ya Ilorin muri Nigeria agira ati: “Ubu harageze ko hafatwa ingingo imbere y'uko amamiriyoni y'abantu bapfa kubera imiti ya malaria itagikora".
Mu 2016, imigera ya malaria itumva imiti vyaragoranye kuyitora mu buraruko bwa Uganda. Gushika mu 2019, ibice birenga 20% vy'imigera yapimwe mu turere tutari duke basanze itumva imiti.
Uno murwi w'abahinga bavuga ko ikwirakwira ry'iyi migera itumva imiti "ridashobora guhagarikwa".
Dr Mehul Dhorda wo mu kigo Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit muri Thailand, avuga ko bitaratomoka neza umuvuduko iri kwirakwira rishobora gufata.
Hagati aho, avuga ko hari ikintu gisa n'iki kimaze kwibonekeza mu bumanuko bushira ubuseruko bwa Aziya, aho imiti ya artemisinin yatanguye kunanirwa.
Ati: "Kuva ibonetse ubwa mbere gushika igere aho yakwirakwira cane vyafashe imyaka kuva kuri 10 gushika kuri 15".
Ivyigwa bakuye kuri kahise
Ibintu nk'ibi vyabaraye imbere y'aha.. Umugera warigeze kwanka umuti wari usanzwe uhari - chloroquine - muri Afrika y'Ubuseruko mu myaka ya 1970, kandi warakwiragiye gushika mu bihugu vyo mu burengero mu myaka ya 1980.
Ibitigiri vy'abishwe na malaria kuri uno mugabane vyaraduze incuto zitatu, biva hafi kuri 493.000 mu 1980 bigera ku miriyoni 1.6 gushika mu 2004.
Dr Dhorda ati: "Ndizeye ko iki atari co kintu tugiye kubona muri Afrika".
"Nimba imiti ya artemisinin itanguye kunanirwa, ni uko ibitigiri vy'abandura n'abapfa bizoduga".
Aba bahinga baratanga urutonde rw'ivyokorwa mu kurwanya uno mugera hamwe n'imibu ikwirakwiza malaria.
Babona ko vyiza ari uko hejuru y'imiti ya artemisinin hokwongerwa uwa gatatu kugira ngo mugera biwugore kurwanya imiti.
Dr Dhorda avuga ko ibi bizosaba amahera, ariko: "Kumbure twokoresha menshi ubu gusumba, ariko ahandi ho, twosanga tuzokenera gukoresha menshi cane gusumba kugira ngo tuzimye umuriro aho kuwuhagarika utararandaranda".
Basaba kandi:
- Gukwiragiza imisegetera irimwo imiti hamwe no gupompa amazu y'abantu hakoreshejwe imiti irwanya udukoko igihe kirekire
- Gucandaga abantu b'ingeri zose (aho kuba abana gusa) mu turere tutumva imiti ya artemisinin hakoreshejwe urucanco ruherutse gukorwa
- Gushigikira abaremeshakiyago (abakurikirana amagara y'abantu mu kibano) kugira ngo imiti yegere yongere ishikire bose mu mihana
- Gukora ibishoboka kugira ngo amakuru yose ajanye n'ikwirakwira ry'iyi migera itumva imiti ahanahanwe vuba bishoboka, kuko muri iki gihe hashobora kuba hari ugukwega ibirenge cane
Ntuli Kapologwe, umukuru w'igisata kijejwe gukinga ingwara mu bushikiranganji bw'amagara y'abantu muri Tanzania avuga ati: "Turasaba abatanga uburyo, cane cane Ikigega mpuzamakungu gishinzwe kurwanya SIDA, Igituntu na Malariaa, ndetse n'umugambi w'umukuru w'igihugu ca Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika wo kurwanya Malaria, gufata iya mbere no kwongereza amahera mu mugambi wo kurwanya no gutuza ino ngwara itumva imiti ya artemisinin muri Afrika".
