China: Ingene Xi Jinping agiye gufata ikiringo ca gatatu kivugwako vyinshi

Umugambwe uri ku butegetsi mu Bushinwa, umugambwe w’Abakomunista, witezwe kwemeza ikiringo kigira gatatu c’imyaka itanu ca prezida Xi Jinping, umutegetsi ata nkeka akomeye cane kuva kuri Mao Zedong mu myaka ya 1970.

Iyi ngingo – ije inyuma y’aho itegeko ryemera ibiringo bibiri rikuriweho mu 2018 – ishobora kumutuma yifatira neza na neza Ubushinwa.

Birashoboka ko Xi azoguma ku butegetsi mu kiringo cose asigaje co kuba kw’isi.

Iyi ngingo yitezwe gufatwa mw’ikoraniro kaminuza ry’umugambwe w’Abakomunista i Pékin/Beijing ritegekanijwe gutangura ku wa 16 Gitugutu (10) - imwe mu nama nkuru nkuru z’uyu mugambwe muri kahise kawo.

Xi Jinping ubu afise intebe zitatu zo hejuru

Afatwa kandi nk’umutegetsi w’ikirenga.

Xi asa n’uwuzogumana izi ntebe zibiri za mbere, umunyamabanga mukuru w’umugambwe be n’umukuru w’Inama nkuru ya gisirikare muri iryo koraniro kaminuza ry’umugambwe – hamwe kandi n’ikibanza c’umukuru w’igihugu mw’Ikoraniro ry’umwaka ry’inama nshingamateka y’ico gihugu (National People's Congress) mu 2023.

Ni ibiki biba mw’iryo koraniro kaminuza?

Intumwa zababa 2300 zizohurira mu kibanza citiriwe Tiananmen Square's Great Hall of the People mu kiringo c’indwi yose.

Abashika 200 muri bo bazotorwa kugira baje muri komite nkuru y’umugambwe, hajeko n’abandi hafi 170 bashobora kuba abasubirizi.

Komite nkuru izotora abantu 25 baja mu biro bikuru.

Hanyuma ibiro bikuru navyo bitore abazogira komite ntayegayezwa mu biro bikuru.

Aba ni incabwenge zikuriye izindi.

Ubu iyi irimwo abantu indwi, harimwo n’umunyamabanga mukuru w’umugambe Xi Jinping.

Bose ni abagabo.

Si vyose bibera muri iyo nama kaminuza yo nyene.

Komite nkuru yiteze gukorana umusi umwe inyuma yo kurangira kw’iri koraniro kaminuza.

Kubera iki ikenewe?

Xi azorongora iki gihugu kiza kabiri mu bihugu bitunze kw’isi kikongera kikaba kimwe mu bihugu bifise igisirikare gikomeye.

Bamwe mu bihweza ibintu n’ibindi bavuga ko ashobora kurongora Ubushinwa abuganisha mu butegetsi bw’agahotoro mu kiringo kigira gatatu c’imyaka itanu.

Umwigisha wa kaminuza Steve Tsang wo kw’ishure kaminuza London University's School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), avuga ati: "Ubushinwa kuri Xi buriko bwinjira mu ntwaro y’agahotoro”.

"Ubushinwa kuri Mao bwari ubutegetsi bw’agahotoro. Ntiturahashika, ariko ni yo dutera tuja".

Prof. Tsang avuga ko iri koraniro kaminuza rishobora kuzana impinduka mw’itegeko mbumbarugo ry’uyu mugambwe, icitwa “Xi Jinping thought” (ni ukuvuga Ivyiyumviro vya Xi Jinping ) gishobora kugirwa akarangamutima k’umugambwe.

"Xi Jinping thought" ni ko karanga ka Xi kuri socialism y’Ubushinwa, intwaro iterekwa na gato igisata c’abikorera utwabo.

Ku ntwaro yiwe, abategetsi b’Ubushinwa barahize buhongo amakompanyi akomakomeye mu bisata bitari bike vy’ubutunzi bw’igihugu.

Prof Tsang ati: "Mu gihe ibi vyoba, nta nkeka ko bizomugira umutegetsi atwaza agahotoro”.

Abagize ubutegetsi bw’Ubushinwa, aba nabo bakazoshirwa ahabona muri iryo koraniro kaminuza, bazoshiraho imigambi ngenderwako itari mike.

Ikintu ico ari co cose cerekana kazoza k’Ubushinwa kizokurikiranirwa hagufi kw’isi yose, cane cane ku bibazo nkoramutima: ubutunzi, poritike, imigenderanire n’ibidukikije.

Inzitizi ku butunzi bw’Ubushinwa

Ubutunzi bw’Ubushinwa bwariyongereye cane muri ino myaka mirongo iheze.

Ariko muri kino gihe buhanganye n’ihungabana rikomeye ry’ubutunzi ryavuye ku ngingo za guma mu rugo kubera Covid, ivyatumye ibiciro vyiyongera, n’ifaranga ry’igihugu rikaja mu ngorane zikomeye.

Ubwoba bubandanya ko ubutunzi bw’isi bushobora kuzama kubera intambara yo muri Ukraine nabwo nyene bwaratumye icizere kigabanuka.

Ku ntwaro ya Xi, ubutunzi bw’igihugu bwagiye hasi ugereranije n’ubwo ku bakuru b’igihugu b’imbere yiwe Jiang Zemin na Hu Jintao.

Bamwe mu bihweza ibintu n’ibindi bavuga ko ubutegetsi bwa gikomunista bwemewe bushingiye cane ku bushobozi bwabwo bwo gutanga amafaranga menshi ndetse n'akazi keza ku bakozi b'Abashinwa.

Rero mu gihe ubutunzi bwokwifata nabi mu myaka itanu iri imbere bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi za poritike kuri Xi.

Iri koraniro kaminuza rizotegura inzira z’impinduka mu bisata bikomakomeye vy’ubutunzi harimwo no mw’ibanki nkuru y’igihugu.

Zero Covid

Poritike y’Ubushinwa ya Covid zero mu kurwanya iki kiza ni imwe muri poritike shingiro za Xi.

Mu gihe ibihugu bitari bike biriko birasubira mu buzima busanzwe, abategetsi b’Ubushinwa bobo barongereje inguvu mu ntumbero yo kurwanya iki kiza, mu gufata amategeko ruhasha ya guma mu rugo, gupima abantu benshi ica rimwe, hamwe n’imisi myinshi yo kwitaramura.

Amakuru avuga ko ibisagara birenga 70 harimwo Shenzen na Chengdu, bimaze igihe mu ngingo za guma mu rugo mu ndwi nkeya ziheze, aho amamiriyoni mirongo y’ababibamwo bagizweko ingaruka, ibikorwa vyinshi vy’ubudandaji birapfa mbere hakaba hari n’amakuru avuga ko abanyagihugu bafise agashavu.

Xi yariyemeje “gutuza n’inguvu ziwe zose amajambo n’ibikorwa vyose bisambura, biteza amadidane canke bihakana” poritike yiwe kuri Covid.

Mu gihe hokwaduka ikiza muri kino gihe co kwitegurira iri koraniro kaminuza, canke mu gihe c’ikoraniro nyezina, kirashobora gucafuza isura ya Xi.

Bamwe mu bihweza ibintu n’ibindi bavuga ko umugambwe ushobora gukoresha iri koraniro mu gutangaza intsinzi kuri iki kiza ugaca uhagarika poritike ya Covid Zero.

Atari uko naho, umugambwe ushobora kuvuga ko Ubushinwa - mu buryo butandukanye n’ibindi bihugu – buha agaciro ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu gusumba ubutunzi, ico gihe poritike igaca ibandanya.

Taiwan n’Uburengero

Xi yashize imbere kandi gufata umurongo ukaze mu migenderanire n’Uburengero, cane cane ku kibazo ca Taiwan.

Urugendo umukuru w’inama nshingamateka ya Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yagize muri Taiwan mu kw’umunani rwatumye Ubushinwa butanguza imyimenyerezo ya gisirikare, harimwo no kurasa ibisasu vya misire, mu micungararo y’iryo zinga.

Ubushinwa bufata Taiwan nk’intara yabwo ishaka kwiyonkora kandi ko impera n’imperuka izoruhira kuganzwa na Pékin. Taiwan yoyo yifata ko yigenga.

Xi avuga ko “gusubirana” na Taiwan “bitegerezwa kuzoba vyabaye” gushika mu 2049, imyaka ijana Repubulika y’Abanyagihugu izoba imaze – mbere ntishira ku ruhande ivyo gukoresha inguvu kugira bishikweko.

Abahinga mu vy’umutekano bavuga ko mu gihe Taiwan yokwigarurirwa n’Ubushinwa, ubwiganze Amerika ifise mu Nyanja ya Pasifike n’ahandi bwoba burangiye.

Taiwan ifitiye akamaro kadasanzwe Uburengero, kuko iri mu citwa “urukurikirane rwa mbere rw’amazinga” (first island chain) rugizwe n’igitigiri c’amazinga yamye yunze ubumwe na Amerika kuva imyaka mirongo iheze.