Wetin be dis UK goment new migration policy wey go stop migrants from carrying dia families?

UK goment dey change some rules on who dey allowed to come live and work for di UK.

Ministers don come under pressure to act on legal migration, afta official figures show say di net migration for 2022 hit a record 745,000.

Prime Minister Rishi Sunak describe di current migration levels as "far too high".

Prime Minister Rishi Sunak don promise to reduce migration levels, wey don rise since Brexit despite di Tory 2019 election promise to reduce dem.

On Monday, im toktok pesin tell tori pipo say migration dey too high, and "abuse" of visas dey go on.

However, latest statistics show di challenge ministers go face in reducing migration into di health sector, wey don come to rely heavily on hiring workers from abroad.

Di statistics show di number of health and care worker visas wey dey issued in di year to September stand at 143,990, double di previous year.

In total 83,072 of dis visas bin dey issued for care workers and home workers - a sector wey dey face staffing shortages and wia providers don resist control on dia ability to hire foreign staff.

Di goment migration advisers bin tok before say "persistent underfunding" of local councils, wey dey fund most adult social care, na di most important factor for di staffing crisis.

Wetin be di new immigration rules

Most pipo wey wan work for di UK go still need to apply for a visa through points-based system (PBS).

But from spring 2024, dem go need get job offer wit a higher salary before dem fit get work visa.

Dem go need to dey earn at least £38,700 – dis don go up by nearly 50% from di current minimum salary of £26,200.

Dis no go apply to some jobs – like for health and social care.

But for dis sector, overseas care workers no go fit bring dia family dependants come UK.

Labour goment bin first adopt points system for 2008, wen e apply to migrants from non-EU countries. Di Conservatives come overhaul am afta di Brexit vote.

Dem launch di current PBS – wey cover EU and non-EU migrants – for di end of 2020.

How di points-based system take dey work?

Applicants need enof points to qualify for skilled worker visa.

All applicants need to get di initial 50 points from getting a job offer wey pass di minimum skill level and dem gatz sabi speak English.

Di remaining 20 points fit come from a combination of salary, to dey work for wia dey short of workers or to get relevant PhD.

Di standard fee for a skilled visa dey usually dey between £719 and £1,500 and applicants also need to pay £624 healthcare surcharge for each year of dia stay for di UK.

Di health surcharge now don increase go £1,035 a year.

Wetin be di shortage occupation list

"Shortage occupation list" dey exist to help employers fill certain roles.

These jobs get lower salary threshold, wey make am easier for applicants to gain di required number of points dem need to get visa.

Jobs wey currently dey on di list include:

Employers bin fit pay foreign workers 80% of di job usual "going rate" to fill those positions. Dem go stop am from next spring.

Labour bin don condemn di measure as "salary discount" which dem tok say allow employers to undercut local wages.

From spring 2024, dem no go allow care workers from abroad bring dia family dependants wit dem.

Di goment say dem go also review di occupation shortage list and reduce the number of occupations on it.

What about family visas?

Di goment dey raise di minimum income for those wey dey bring dia family members come di UK on a family visa go £38,700 from spring 2024.

Di minimum income dem currently require na £18,600.

About 70,000 pipo bin come UK on family visas dis year by end of June 2023.

On top of di new salary requirements, Mr Cleverly say di goment plan go:

Di home secretary claim say di five changes to di UK immigration system go mean "more dan 300,000 pipo wey come UK last year, go now no dey able to".

"Enough is enough," Mr Cleverly tok. "Immigration policy must be fair, legal, and sustainable."

Wen dem ask whether care workers go dey stopped from coming to di UK because dem no go dey able to bring families, di home secretary say e believe say an individual with a family fit dey discouraged, but care workers still dey wey go dey willing to put themselves forward.

Labour shadow home secretary Yvette Cooper say di migration plan was "anoda example of di total confusion at di heart of dis goment".

She say while net migration "suppose come down", "proper plan" need to dey for training and recruiting British workers.

Unison general secretary Christina McAnea say di "cruel plans spell total disaster for di NHS and social care".

"Migrant workers bin dey encouraged to come here because both sectors dey critically short of staff. Hospitals and care homes simply no fit function without dem," she tok.

What about family visas?

Di goment dey raise di minimum income for those wey dey bring dia family members come di UK on a family visa go £38,700 from spring 2024.

Di minimum income dem currently require na £18,600.

About 70,000 pipo bin come UK on family visas dis year.

How many migrants come di UK?

For June 2023, 1,180,000 pipo come di UK and dem dey expected to stay for at least one year, and an estimated 508,000 comot di UK.

Dis one mean say net migration – wey be di difference between di number of pipo wey land and comot di UK – tanda for 672,000.

For 2022, net migration bin reach a record 745,000.

Majority of di pipo wey land UK bin come from different kontris outside di European Union (EU).

Di latest figures show say 968,000 come from non-EU kontris.

Study (39%) na di main reason for non-EU migrants to come, followed by work (33%) and humanitarian reasons (9%), according to di ONS release.

Di top five non-EU nationalities na:

Official immigration data gathering bin scata during di Covid-19 pandemic and considerable changes don dey to di way dem dey collect figures.

How many students come di UK?

In di 12 months to di end of September 2023, goment don issue 486,107 study visas.

Dem grant half of those study visas give Indian and Chinese nationals.

Students from Nigeria na di next most common nationality of student visa holders, followed by Pakistan plus di United States.

Students on postgraduate courses fit also apply for visas for qualifying dependents: a husband, wife, civil or unmarried partner and any children under 18 years old.

By di end of September 2023, UK issue 152,980 visas to dependants.

But from January 2024, go remove di right for international students to bring dependants unless dem dey on postgraduate courses designated as research programmes.

Students who don already complete dia degree fit stay for UK for two years (three years for those wit doctoral degree) to work under graduate visa.

Within January to September 2023, dem issue 104,501 graduate visas, excluding dependants.

What about seasonal workers?

For 2023 and 2024 between 45,000 and 55,000 seasonal worker visas bin dey available, plus anoda 2,000 for poultry workers.

Dem go pay £298 application fee. Dem must pay workers di minimum wage.

How Brexit change immigration?

Before Brexit, European Union and UK citizens bin get di freedom to live, work or study for any EU kontri without work visa.

However, dis freedom of movement bin come to an end on 1 January 2021.

For di 12 months to June 2023, net EU migration na -86,000. Dis one mean say more EU nationals wey comot di UK plenty pass di ones wey enta di kontri.

Net migration of non-EU nationals – di difference between those we yenta and those wey leave – na 768,000.

Net migration of British nationals na -10,000. More British pipo comot di UK.

Care sector staffing