Kungiyar OPEC: Ƙalubale da nasarorinta cikin shekara 60

Kungiyar Kasashe masu arzikin man fetur ta Opec ta yi bikin cika Shekara 60 da kafuwa a wani taro da ata gudanar a birnin Bagadaza na Iraƙi.

Ƙungiyar Opec ta sha faɗawa ruɗani lokuta da dama idan ta rage yawan man da ta ke samarwa a ƙoƙarin ƙara farashin ɗanyen mai a kasuwar duniya.

Kungiyar ta fuskanci kalubale iri-iri ciki har da yaƙe-yaƙe a kasashe mambobinta kamar Iran da Iraq da Libiya, lamarin da ya kawo cikas ga kasuwar mai a duniya.

Ƙungiyar na da tasiri matuƙa kan kasuwar mai musamman a wannan yanayi na annobar korona da ta shafi ƙasashen da ke da arzikin man.

Cikin shekara 60 inda ƙungiyar ta shafe tun bayan kafuwarta, abubuwa sun faru na ci gaba da akasin haka.

A lokuta da dama ana zargin Opec da yin babakere a harakar mai idan mambobinta suka amince su rage yawan ɗanyen man da suke samarwa.

Farashin ɗanyen mai na da tasiri sosai kan koma-bayan da ake samu a tattalin arzikin duniya. Amma Opec ta ce tana neman daidaita farashin man ga masu samarwa da masu amfani da shi.

A ƴan shekarun da suka gabata, ƙungiyar ta ce tana da wasu ƙasashe da ba mambobinta ba ciki har da wasu manyan ƙasashe masu arziki irin su Rasha.

A baya-bayan nan kuma ƙungiyar ta rage yawan man da ta ke samarwa wanda hakan ya taimaka wajen daidaita kasuwar man bayan faɗuwa mai ban mamaki sanadin cutar korona.

Sai dai mambobin Opec na fuskantar manyan ƙalubale musamman daga man da Amurka ta ke samarwa da kuma yunƙurin rage gurbatacciyar iskar da ake fitarwa mai ɗauke da sinadarin carbon.

Injiniya Yabagi Sani, mai ba da shawara ce kan harkokin man fetur ya shaida wa BBC cewa Opec ta fuskanci ƙalubale daban-daban da kuma nasarori a tsakanin wannan lokacin.

Nasarorin Opec

Duk da kawai ƙalubale da Opec ta fuskanta amma ƙungiyar ta samu nasarori ta fanni daban-daban musamman a cikin shekara 60.

Injiniya Yabagi Sani ya ce nasarorin da OPEC ta samu sun haɗa da:

Tsari

Tun da ƙungiyar ta fara, mambobin ƙungiyar sun samu ƙarfi na faɗin yadda suke son a tafi da harkar man - farashi da adadin mai da ya kamata a samar a duniya da kuma yadda arzikin ƙasashen masu tasowa zai ci gaba.

Kasancewar Opec, ƙungiyar ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen habaka tattalin arzikin mambobinta inda suna iya tsara yadda arzikin ƙasarsu zai ci gaba game da arzikin man, a cewar masanin.

Kafa asusu

Masanin harakokin man fetur ɗin ya kuma ce Opec ta samar da wasu kuɗade na tallafawa ƙasashen da suka fuskanci wani ƙalubale ba tare da cewa "dole sai an sayar da mai ba."

Ƙalubale

Kamar yadda Opec ake ganin ta samu nasarori haka ma ta fuskanci ƙalubale.

Masanin harakokin fetur Injiniya Yabagi ya ce arzikin duniya baki daya ya koma ne hannun ƙasashen da suka ci gaba.

A cewar masanin su ne suka fi amfani da man da ake kai wa kasuwannin duniya wanda mambobin OPEC suka kafa ba don wani abu ba domin su rage irin asarar da suke samu idan farashin mai ya yi ƙasa ko ya yi sama ba tare da lura da yadda zai shafi arzikin ƙasashen da suke cikin OPEC ba.

Daga cikin ƙalubalen da Open ta fuskanta a cewar masanin sun haɗa da:

Katsalandan daga wasu ƙasashe

Mambobin ƙungiyar ta OPEC masu tasowa arzikinsu bai yi ƙarfi kamar arzikin ƙasashen da suke sayen man ba inda kuma harkar mai gaba ɗayanta ba ta hannun ƙasashen da suke samar da man waɗanda ƙasashe ne masu tasowa.

Ƙasashen da ke sayen ma, suna da nasu man kuma waɗannan kamfanonin da ke harƙo mai kamar su Mobil da Shell da Total da ake kira IOC yawancinsu daga waɗannan ƙasashen ne.

Rashin ta cewa kan man

Masanin ya ce katsalandan ɗin da wasu ƙasashe masu ƙarfin tattalin arziki ke yi wa mambobin Opec babban ƙalubale ne saboda kungiyar ce ke da mai amma kuma wasu ƙasashe ne suke sa farashin mai yadda suka ga dama.

"Idan sun ga dama su ƙara farashin, idan sun ga dama su rage farashin har ma adadin da za a iya sayarwa su suke kawo doka a kai," in ji shi.

Dogaro kan ƙasashe masu ƙarfin tattalin arziki

Ƙungiyar Opec ta dogara ne kan ƙasashe masu ƙarfin tattalin arziki wajen sayen man da take samarwa wanda shi ma illa ce babba ga ƙungiyar.

Injiniya Yabagi ya ba da misali da Najeriya inda ya ce "da a ce Najeriya ce kaɗai ke magana a kasuwannin duniya ai ba wanda zai kula da su saboda arzikin man da ta ke samarwa bai taka kara ya karya ba amma tun da tana cikin OPEC dole ne a saurare ta."

Siyasa

Siyasa tsakanin manyan ƙasashe irinsu Iran da Saudiyya da Rasha na shafar farashin mai a duniya wanda hanya ɗaya ta magance wannan ƙalubale a cewar masanin ita ce samar da haɗin kai tsakanin ƙasashen.

"Idan kasashe masu tasowa da ke cikin Opec suka rage goyon bayan da suke bai wa waɗannan ƙasashe, zai ba su damar samun nasu ƙarfi kan yadda sha'anin mai ke tafiya." in ji Injiniya Yabagi.