Hamas: Su wane ne shugabanninta da suka fi fice?

Tun lokacin da Hamas ta shammaci Isra'ila, ta kai mata hari mafi hatsabibanci daga Gaza, ake ta tambayar shin wane ne ya shirya maƙarƙashiyar wannan farmaki na sayar da rai.

Da yawan manyan 'ya'yan ƙungiyar Falasɗinawa 'yan ta-da-ƙayar-baya mai iko da Gaza, ba a cika ganin su a bainar jama'a ba, yayin da sauran suka shafe tsawon rayuwarsu suna zillewa yunƙurin halakarwa daga Isra'ila.

To, su wane ne shugabannin Hamas mafi shahara.

Ismail Haniyeh

Akasarin mutane na ɗaukan cewa Haniyeh a matsayin shugaban Hamas mafi girman muƙami.

Ya kasance ɗan ƙungiyar mafi shahara a ƙarshen shekarun 1980, Isra'ila ta ɗaure shi a gidan yari tsawon shekara uku a 1989, lokacin da take murƙushe yamutsin Falasɗinawa na farko.

Daga nan ya tsere inda ya tafi neman mafaka a wani yankin da ya raba tsakanin Isra'ila da Lebanon a 1992, tare da wasu shugabannin Hamas.

Bayan shekara ɗaya yana zaman mafaka, sai ya koma Gaza. An naɗa shi jagoran addini na Hamas a 1997, abin da ya ƙarfafa girman muƙaminsa.

Shugaba Mahmoud Abbas ya naɗa Haniyeh, firaministan Falasɗinawa a 2006 bayan Hamas ta lashe kujeru mafi yawa a zaɓukan Falasɗin da aka gudanar, sai dai an kore shi bayan shekara ɗaya, bayan ƙungiyar ta fatattaki jam'iyyar Fatah ta Abbas daga Zirin Gaza, a wani ƙazamin rikici na tsawon mako ɗaya.

Haniyeh ya yi watsi da matakin korarsa inda ya ce hakan ya saɓa wa "tsarin mulki", inda ya nanata cewa gwamnatinsa ba za ta watsar da nauyin al'ummar faɗin ƙasa na Falasɗinawa da ke kanta ba, don haka ya ci gaba da mulki a Gaza.

An zaɓe shi shugaban ofishin harkokin siyasa na Hamas a 2017.

A 2018, Ma'aikatar harkokin wajen Amurka ta ayyana Haniyeh a matsayin ɗan ta'adda. Ya zauna a Qatar tsawon shekaru da dama a baya.

Yahya Sinwar

An haifi Yahya Sinwar, jagoran ƙungiyar gwagwarmaya ta Hamas na Zirin Gaza, a 1962.

Shi ne ya ƙirƙiro da rundunar tabbatar da tsaro ta Hamas da aka fi sani da Majd, wadda ke kula da harkokin tsaron cikin gida, da binciken waɗanda ake zargi masu tsegunta bayanai ne ga Isra'ila, da kuma bin sawun jami'an leƙen asirin Isra'ila da jami'an tsraonta.

An kama Sinwar har sau uku. Bayan kame na uku da aka yi masa a 1988, an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai-da-rai guda huɗu a gidan yari.

Sai dai, yana cikin fursunoni Falasɗinawa da Larabawan Isra'ila 1,027 da Isra'ila ta sako daga gidan yari a wata musayar fursunoni da sojanta guda ɗaya da Hamas ta yi garkuwa da shi tsawon sama da shekara biyar.

Sinwar ya koma kan muƙaminsa, na mashahurin jagoran Hamas, kuma an naɗa shi shugaban ofishin harkokin siyasar ƙungiyar a Zirin Gaza a 2017.

A 2015, Amurka ta sanya sunansa a jerin ƴan ta'dda na duniya.

Mohammed Deif

Mohammed Deif shi ne ke jagorantar dakarun Izz al-Din al-Qassam, wani ɓangaren Hamas mai gwagwarmaya da makamai.

Mutum ne da ba a ganinsa a bainar jama'a, ga Falasɗinawa sun san shi da mai kaifin basira, ga ƴan Isra'ila kuma sun san shi da Mai Ran Ƙarfe.

Hukumomin Isra'ila sun ɗaure shi a 1989, bayan lokacin ne kuma ya kafa Rundunar al-Qassam da nufin kama sojojin Isra'ila.

Bayan an sake shi, ya taimaka wajen tsara gina hanyoyin ƙarƙashin ƙasa da suka bai wa mayaƙan Hamas damar shiga har cikin Isra'ila daga Gaza.

Deif dai na ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da Isra'ila ta fi nema ruwa a jallo, wanda take zargi da tsarawa da kuma sa ido kan harin bama-bamai da aka kai a cikin motar safa da ya kashe gomman Isra'ilawa a shekarar 1996.

Tana kuma zarginsa da hannu wajen kamawa da kashe sojojin Isra'ila uku a tsakiyar shekarun 1990.

Isra'ila ta ɗaure shi a shekara ta 2000, amma ya kuɓuce a farkon babbar zanga-zangar Falasɗinawa ta biyu, wadda aka fi sani da intifada.

Tun daga nan, yake ɓad da sawunsa. Hotunansa guda uku kawai aka sani: ɗaya akwai kwanan wata, na biyun kuma ya sanya fuskar ɓad-da-kama, na ukun kuma inuwarsa ce kawai.

Yunƙurin halakawa mafi zafi da ya fuskanta, shi ne na 2002: Deif ya tsallake rijiya da baya, sai dai an yi masa ido ɗaya. Isra'ila ta ce ya kuma rasa ƙafa ɗaya da hannu, sannan da ƙyar yake iya magana.

Dakarun tsaron Isra'ila sun sake gaza hallaka Deif yayin wani hari a shekara ta 2014 da suka kai Zirin Gaza, amma sun kashe matarsa da 'ya'yansa biyu.

Marwan Issa

Marwan Issa, Ba-a-san-gabanka-ba, ya kasance na hannun daman Mohammed Deif, kuma shi ne mataimakin babban kwamandan rundunar Izz al-Din al-Qassam.

Sojojin Isra'ila sun tsare shi a farkon zanga-zangar intifada har tsawon shekara biyar saboda ayyukansa da Hamas.

Hukumomin Falasɗinawa sun kama Issa a 1997, amma an sake shi bayan zanga-zangar intifada ta biyu a shekara ta 2000.

Yana cikin jerin mutanen da Isra'ila ta fi nema ruwa a jallo, kuma ya ji rauni lokacin da Isra'ila ta yi yunƙurin kashe shi a 2006.

Haka zalika jiragen yaƙin Isra'ila sun lalata gidansa har sau biyu a lokacin da suka mamaye Gaza a shekarar 2014 da 2021, inda suka kashe ɗan'uwansa.

Ba a san kamannin Marwan Issa ba, sai a shekarar 2011, lokacin da ya bayyana a wani hoto na mambobin Hamas da aka ɗauka a lokacin liyafar karɓar fursunonin da aka yi musaya.

Ana tunanin ya taka rawa wajen tsara hare-haren da aka kai wa Isra'ila, ciki har da na baya-bayan nan.

Khaled Meshaal

An haifi Khaled Meshaal, a Gaɓar Yamma da Kogin Jordan cikin 1956.

Ana ganinsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar Hamas.

Jami'an leƙen asiri na Isra'ila Mossad, sun yi yunƙurin kashe Khaled Meshaal da umarnin Firaminista Benjamin Netanyahu a 1991, lokacin da yake zaune a Jordan.

Jami'an Mossad sun shiga Jordan ta hanyar amfani da fasfo ɗin ƙasar Kanada na bogi, inda suka soka wa Meshaal allura da wani ruwan guba lokacin da yake tafiya a titi.

Hukumomin Jordan sun gano yunƙurin kisan, inda suka kama jami'an Mossad ɗin guda biyu.

Marigayi Sarki Hussein na Jordan ya buƙaci Firaministan Isra'ila ya ba shi maganin kashe gubar da soka wa Meshaal.

Saboda matsin lambar da ya fuskanta daga shugaban Amurka na lokacin Bill Clinton, Mista Netanyahu ya ba da maganin bayan ya ƙi amincewa da buƙatar a farko.

Meshaal wanda ke zaune a Qatar ya kai ziyarci Zirin Gaza karon farko a shekara ta 2012. Ya samu tarba daga jami'an Falasɗinawa da dandazon Falasɗinawa da suka fito yi masa maraba.

Hamas ta zaɓi Ismail Haniyeh don ya gaji Meshaal a matsayin shugaban ofishinta na siyasa a shekara ta 2017, kuma Meshaal ya zama shugaban ofishin siyasa na ƙungiyar a ƙasashen waje.

Mahmoud Zahar

An haifi Mahmoud Zahar a Gaza a 1945. Mahaifinsa Bafalasɗine ne, sannan mahaifiyarsa kuma ƴar Masar.

Ana yi masa kallon ɗaya daga cikin fitattun jagororin ƙungiyar Hamas, kuma mamba ne a harkokin siyasar ƙungiyar.

Ya yi makaranta a Gaza da jami'a a Alkahira, sannan ya yi aiki a matsayin likita a Gaza da birnin Khan Younis har sai da hukumomin Isra'ila suka kore shi saboda matsayinsa na siyasa.

An tsare Mahmoud Zahar a gidan yarin Isra'ila a shekara ta 1988, watanni bayan kafuwar ƙungiyar Hamas. Yana cikin waɗanda Isra'ila ta kora zuwa wata ƙasa a 1992, inda ya yi shekara guda.

Yayin da ƙungiyar Hamas ta lashe babban zaɓen Falasdinu a shekara ta 2006, Zahar ya shiga ma'aikatar harkokin wajen ƙasar a sabuwar gwamnatin firaminista Ismail Haniyeh kafin a kore ta daga karshe.

Isra'ila ta yi yunkurin kashe Zahar a shekara ta 2003, lokacin da wani jirgin sama ya jefa bam a gidansa da ke birnin Gaza. Ya samu raunuka daga harin, amma an kashe babban ɗansa, Khaled.

An kashe ɗansa na biyu, Hossam, wanda mamba ne na ƙungiyar mayakan al-Qassam, a wani harin da Isra'ila ta kai ta sama a Gaza a shekara ta 2008.