Mahama: Tsohon shugaban ƙasar da ke neman sake komawa kan karagar mulkin Ghana

John Dramani Mahama ya taɓa zama shugaban ƙasar Ghana wa'dai ɗaya a baya - kuma a halin yanzu yana harin sake komawa kan karagar mulki.

Tsohon shugaban mai shekaru 65 da haihuwa, ya jagoranci Ghana daga shekarar 2012 zuwa 2017 kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin gogaggun ƴan siyasar ƙasar da ke yammacin Afirka.

Ya yi aiki a matakan gwamnati da dama, da suka haɗa da ɗan majalisa da mataimakin minista da minista, da mataimakin shugaban ƙasa da kuma shugaban ƙasa.

Tun kafin ya ɗauke ta a matsayin sana'a, siyasa ta taka rawar gani a lokacin ƙuruciyar Mahama. Lokacin da Mahama yake ɗan shekara bakwai, an ɗaure mahaifinsa wanda a lokacin minista ne a gwamnati, bayan juyin mulkin da sojoji suka yi, kuma daga baya ya tafi gudun hijira.

Ana iya ganin alamun irin waɗannan ƙalubale da ya fuskanta a cikin fitattun rubuce-rubucen da Mahama ya yi - jaridu da dama na duniya sun wallafa ayyukansa kuma littafin tarihinsa mai suna "My First Coup D'etat", ya samu yabo daga fitattun marubutan Afirka guda biyu, Ngugi wa Thiong'o da Chinua Achebe.

Lokacin da yake bayyana manufofinsa na yaƙin neman zaɓen bana, Mahama ya shaida wa masu kaɗa ƙuri'a a Ghana cewa "ƙasar na kan hanyar da ba ta dace ba kuma tana buƙatar a ceto ta".

Sai dai masu suka na cewa mai yiwuwa ba shi ne mutumin da ya dace da wannan aiki ba, ganin cewa gwamnatinsa ta fuskanci matsalolin tattalin arziki da kuma badaƙalar cin hanci da rashawa.

An haifi Mahama ne a shekarar 1958, a garin Damongo da ke arewacin ƙasar. Bayan wasu shekaru ya koma Accra babban birnin ƙasar domin ya zauna da mahaifinsa Emmanuel Adama Mahama.

A cikin littafinsa 'My First Coup d'Etat', Mahama Jr ya bayyana kansa a matsayin "yaro mai lura da al'amura, da kuma kaifin tunani mai zurfin da ba shi da iyaka''.

Ya girma cikin yanayin gata. Iyalin na da wani gida a cikin garin Bole, wanda a lokacin ba ya kan babban layin wutar lantarkin ƙasar. Iyayen Mahama sun iya sayen janareta mai aiki da man diesel da suka sanya a gidansu mai daƙi shida, ma'ana gidansu ne kaɗai gidan da akwai hasken lantarki a garin.

Mazauna garin sukan taru a wajen gidan da dare, suna kallon hasken wutar.

Ya halarci makarantar kwana ta Achimota, wata babbar cibiya da ta shahara wajen ilimantar da shugabannin kasashe irin su Jerry John Rawlings na Ghana da Robert Mugabe na Zimbabwe da Kwame Nkrumah, firaministan Ghana na farko bayan samun ƴancin kai daga Birtaniya.

A shekarar 1966, a lokacin da ya ke makarantar Achimota, Mahama ya ji an yi juyin mulki. Jami’an soji da ƴansanda sun kutsa kai cikin gine-ginen gwamnatin Ghana, inda suka karɓe mulki daga hannun Nkrumah, wanda a lokacin ya yi balaguro zuwa ƙasashen waje.

Yayin da sabbin bayanai suka fara bayyana, Mahama ya fara nuna damuwa - bai ji komai daga wurin mahaifinsa ba. Mahama mai shekaru bakwai ya yi fargabar an kashe mahaifinsa saboda kusancinsa da Nkrumah.

Ya kasance an ɗaure mahaifinsa - kuma zai kasance a gidan yari na kusan shekara guda.

A shekarar1981, bayan juyin mulkin soja na biyu, mahaifin Mahama ya tsere zuwa Najeriya.

Mahama ya shafe shekaru 20 zuwa 30 na farkon rayuwarsa yana karatu - ya samu digiri a fannin sadarwa a jami'ar Ghana kafin ya tafi neman ƙarin karatu a Jami'iar Moscow.

Mahama ya lura cewa zaman da ya yi a Rasha, wadda a lokacin ke ƙarƙashinTarayyar Soviet, ya sanar da shi "rashin amincin tsarin gurguzu".

Bayan ya koma Ghana a shekarar 1996, Mahama ya bi sawun mahaifinsa cikin harkokin siyasa.

An zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan majalisar wakilai na jam’iyyar National Democratic Congress (NDC) kuma daga nan ne ya ƙara ɗaukaka a siyasa. Ya karɓi manufofin NDC da hannu bibbiyu, inda ya zama mai magana da yawun majalisar kuma ministan sadarwa.

A cikin shekaru 13, Mahama ya yi aiki har ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa, kuma na hannun daman Shugaba John Atta Mills.

Amma bayan shekaru uku kacal kan karagar mulki, Mills ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani yana da shekaru 68.

Sa'o'i kaɗan bayan hakan, aka rantsar da Mahama mai shekaru 58 a matsayin shugaban ƙasa. A nasa jawabin Mahama ya bayyana ranar a matsayin mafi baƙin ciki a tarihin Ghana.

An gudanar da babban zaɓe a cikin wannan shekarar kuma masu jefa ƙuri'a sun zaɓi Mahama ya ci gaba da kasancewa a kan karagar mulki.

To wane irin shugaba ne Mahama?

Franklin Cudjoe, wani mai sharhi kan harkokin siyasar ƙasar Ghana kuma shugaban cibiyar kula da manufofi da ilimi ta Imani, ya shaida wa BBC cewa tsohon shugaban ya kasance "ƙwararre a harkar sadarwa".

Yayin da masanin kimiyyar siyasa Dr Clement Sefa-Nyarko ya bayyana Mahama a matsayin "mai hangen nesa".

Mahama yana da duk abin da ake buƙata amma a yanayin da ''siyasa ke tafiya tare da abubuwan da ke wakana a zahiri ana kuma yaɗa manufofi a ilmance ", in ji Dokta Sefa-Nyarko, wanda ke bayar da lacca kan shugabanci a Afirka a makarantar Kings College da ke Landon.

Amma a Ghana ta wannan zamanin, yawancin masu kaɗa ƙuri'a sun fi sha'awar a zuba masu manyan alƙawura, a cewar Dr Clement Sefa-Nyarko, wanda ke nufin Mahama wanda ke bayyana abubuwa yadda suke a zahiri "bai iya faranta wa jama'a da yawa rai ba".

A lokacin da yake yaƙin sake neman tsayawa takara a zaɓen 2016, Mahama ya bayyana wasu ayyukan more rayuwa da aka kammala a ƙarƙashin gwamnatinsa, a ɓangagrori da suka haɗa da sufuri, da kiwon lafiya, da kuma ilimi.

Amma a ƙarƙashin mulkinsa, ƴan Ghana sun fuskanci taɓarɓarewar tattalin arziƙi da kuma matsalar ɗaukewar wutar lantarki. Ana yi wa Mahama laƙabi da "Mr Dumsor" saboda matsalar lantarkin - "dum" yana nufin kashewa kuma "sor" yana nufin kunnawa a cikin yaren Twi.

Haka kuma wa’adin sa ya fuskanci badaƙalar cin hanci da rashawa. Misali, wata kotu a Birtaniya ta gano cewa katafaren kamfanin jiragen sama na Airbus ya yi amfani da cin hanci da rashawa wajen samun ƙwangiloli daga gwamnatin Ghana na jiragen soji tsakanin shekarar 2009 zuwa 2015 - amma ofishin mai shigar da ƙara na musamman na Ghana ya ce babu wata shaida da ke nuna cewa Mahama na da hannu a cikin wata almundahana.

Akwai "matsalolin da aka daɗe ana fama da su" da ke tattare da wannan badaƙalar ta cin hanci - waɗanda masu zaɓe na yanzu za su "tuna da su", in ji Mista Cudjoe.

Sai dai kuma ya yi nuni da cewa, a cewar rahoton ƙungiyar Transparency International na ayyukan rashawa a ƙasashen duniya 'Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)', cin hanci da rashawa ya ƙara tsananta a ƙarƙashin Nana Akufo-Addo, wanda ya doke Mahama a zaɓen 2016.

Ghana tana da maki 45.8 cikin 100 ƙarƙashin Mahama amma ya ragu zuwa maki 42 cikin 100 a ƙarƙashin Akufo-Addo.

Mahama ya yi yunƙurin komawa kan tsohon aikinsa a shekarar 2020, amma ya sha kashi a hannun Akufo-Addo.

Duk da shan kaye, Mahama ya ci gaba da kasancewa a fagen siyasa - a halin yanzu shi ne jagoran ƴan adawa.

Har ila yau, yana gudanar da wasu abubuwa a wasu ɓangarorin rayuwarsa da ba su jiɓanci siyasa ba - yana da yara bakwai kuma yana samun lokaci ya kasance tare da matarsa, Lordina.

Mahama kuma ƙwararren marubuci ne. Baya ga tarihin nasa, ya rubuta labarai wa kafafe irin su The New York Times, da shahararriyar mujallar baƙaƙen fata ta Ebony da kuma Daily Graphic mallakin gwamnatin Ghana.

Mahama ya kuma nuna sha'awa a fannin waƙa, yana mai cewa fitaccen mawaƙin Afrobeat na Najeriya Fela Kuti ya taimaka masa wajen samun ''wayewar kai na siyasa" kuma Michael Jackson yana "ɗaya daga cikin manyan mawaƙan da suka yi tasiri kan rayuwar al'ummar duniya".

An karrama tsohon shugaban a cikin Mahama Paper, waƙar tauraron rawa na Ghana Shata Wale. Wale ya ce sunan waƙar na nuni ne ga takardun kuɗin Ghana da aka buga a lokacin gwamnatin Mahama.

Hakika Mahama ya yi amfani da wannan nasara a yaƙin neman zaɓensa na yanzu, yana mai nuni da cewa a ƙarƙashin Akufo-Addo, Ghana ta faɗa cikin matsalar tattalin arziki mafi muni cikin shekaru.

Ya kuma tunatar da ƴan ƙasar Ghana irin gogewar da ya samu a fagen siyasa amma gaskiyar magana ita ce - an taɓa sauke shi daga kan karagar mulki a baya saboda yadda jama'a ke ganin cewa bai taɓuka abin kirki ba.

Mahama na neman ya lallashi masu kaɗa ƙuri'a cewa wannan karon zai sha bamban da wanda aka yi a baya- ƙwararre a harkar sadarwa da ke fatan saƙonsa zai bayyana ƙarara ta yadda zai samu damar lashe zaɓe karo na biyu a muƙami mafi girma a Ghana.

Ƙarin rahotonni daga Thomas Naadi a Accra