Francis: Fafaroman da ya yi yunƙurin haɗa kan Kirista da Musulmin duniya

Cocin Vatican ya sanar da rasuwar jagoran cocin Katolika na duniya, Fafaroma Francis, mai shekara 88 a duniya. Sanarwar da fadar ta fitar ta ce Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio ya rasu ne a gidansa da ke Casa Santa Marta da ke Vatican.

Ga ƙarin bayani game da rayuwar marigayin...

Fafaroma Francis ya kafa tarihi iri-iri bayan samun muƙamin, kuma duk da irin sauye-sauyen da ya kawo a shugabancin ɗariƙar Katolika, ya ci gaba da burge wasu masu ra'ayin gargajiya.

Shi ne fafaroma na farko daga nahiyar Amurka ko kuma daga kudancin duniya. Kafinsa, ba a sake samun fafaroman da ba ɗan nahiyar Turai ba tun bayan mutuwar Gregory III da aka haifa a Syria a shekarar 741.

Shi ne kuma na farko cikin majalisar Jesuit da aka zaɓa a matsayin fafaroma, waɗanda a da ake yi wa kallo-kallo a fadar ta birnin Rome.

Wanda ya gada, Fafaroma Benedict XVI, shi ne na farko da ya fara sauka daga mulkin cikin shekara 600, kuma shekara kusan 10 kenan har yanzu fafaroma biyu kawai aka yi.

A matsayinsa na Cardinal Bergoglio of Argentina, ya zarta shekara 70 a lokacin da ya zama fafaroma a 2013.

Da yawa daga cikin mabiya ɗariƙar ta Katolika sun zammaci sabon fafaroman zai kasance mai ƙarancin shekaru. Sai dai Bergoglio ya samu farin jini tsakanin masu ra'ayin riƙau game da batutuwan da suka shafi jinsi, da kuma masu sassauci game da sha'anin shari'a.

An yi ta fatan aƙidunsa marasa tsauri za su taimaka wajen gyara fadar ta Vatican da kuma jaddada kimarta a matsayin mai daraja.

Sai dai kuma Francis ya gamu da turjiya game da yunƙurin kawo gyara, inda wasu suka dinga yabon wanda ya gada tun kafin ya rasu a 2022.

Muradin zama na musamman

Tun daga lokacin da aka zaɓe shi, Francis ya nuna cewa zai gudanar da ayyuka ba kamar yadda aka saba ba. Yakan gana da manyan mataimakansa wato cardinals a yanayi daban kuma a tsaye - ba lallai sai ya zauna a kan kujerar mulkinsa ba.

A ranar 13 ga watan Maris na 2013, Fafaroma Francis ya bayyana a kan barandar da ke kallon dandalin St Peter's.

Sanye da fararen lkaya, ya zaɓi sabon sunan St Francis na Assisi, wani mai wa'azi kuma masoyin dabbobi a ƙarni na 13.

Ya daina hawa motar alfarma ta fafaroma, inda ya koma hawa motar bas da ke ɗibar sauran cardinals zuwa gida.

Sabon fafaroman a lokacin ya yi tasiri ga yadda mabiya biliyan 1.2 ke tunani. Yakan ce: "Ah, ina son coci maras dukiya, mai hidimta wa talakawa."

An haifi Jorge Mario Bergoglio a birnin Buenos Aires na Argentina a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba, 1936 - wanda shi ne babba cikin 'ya'ya biyar. Iyayensa sun yi hijira daga Italiya ne saboda guje wa mulkin kama-karya.

Yana son rawar tango kuma magoyin bayan ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta yankinsu San Lorenzo.

Ya yi sa'ar tsira da rayuwarsa bayan fama da cutar sanyin haƙarƙari (pneumonia), inda aka yi masa tiyata domin cire wani ɓangare na huhunsa. Hakan ya jefa shi cikin hatsarin kamuwa da ƙwayar cuta har ƙarshen rayuwarsa.

Ya kuma yi fama da ciwo a gwiwar ƙafarsa ta dama, wanda ya bayyana da "gazawa a bayyane".

Matashi Bergoglio ya yi aiki a matsayin mai tsaron gidan rawa kuma mai shara, kafin daga baya ya samu shaidar zama masanin sinadarai.

Ya zama ɗanmajalisar Kiristoci ta Jesuit kafin, ya karatun falsafa sannan ya karantar da adabi da nazarin tunanin ɗan'adam.

An naɗa shi matsayin mai wa'azi a hukumance bayan shekara 10, ya samu ƙarin matsayi babu jimawa zuwa jagoran lardi a Argentina a shekarar 1973.

ZArge-zarge

Wasu na cewa bai yi wani kataɓus ba wajen nuna adawa da sojojin da suka zuba baƙin mulki a Argentina.

An zarge shi da hannu a yin garkuwa da wasu malaman coci da sojoji suka aikata lokacin yaƙin Argentina na Dirty War, lokacin da aka azabtar da kuma kashe dubban mutane, ko aka ɓatar da su daga 1976 zuwa 1983.

An azabtar da malaman amma an gan su da ransu daga baya - an ɗura musu ƙwayoyi kuma tsirara.

Bergoglio ya fuskanci tuhumar gazawa wajen shaida wa hukumomi cewa coci ta amince da ayyukansu a yankunan talakawa. Idan da gaske ta tabbata, hakan ne ya jefa rayuwarsu cikin haɗari. Ya musanta zargin ƙarara, inda ya ce ya yi ƙoƙarin fitar da su ta bayan fage.

Da aka tambaye shi dalilin da ya sa bai nuna adawarsa a fili ba, an ce ya ce lamarin ya yi wahala sosai. Maganar gaskiya, rikicin ya same shi yana ɗan shekara 36, kuma ya taimaka wa mutane da yawa da suka nemi tserewa daga ƙasar.

Mutum mai sauƙin rayuwa

An naɗa shi Auxiliary Bishop na Buenos Aires a 1992, kafin daga baya ya zama Archbishop.

Fafaroma Pope John Paul II ne ya mayar da shi cardinal a 2001.

An san shi a matsayin mutum mai sassauƙar rayuwa. Yakan hau ƙaramar kujera idan zai yi tafiya a jirgin sama sanye da baƙar doguwar riga ta masu wa'azi - maimakon mai launin ja da shanshmbale ta muƙaminsa.

A huɗubobinsa, ya nemi a dinga yi wa adalci, kuma ya dinga sukar gwamnatocin da suka gaza tallafa wa talakawa.

"Muna zaune a yankin duniya da ya fi nuna bambanci a tsakanin mutane," a cewarsa.

Francis ya yi aiki da 'yan Aglican, da Lutherans, da Methodists kuma ya roƙi shugabannin Isra'ila da Falasɗinawa domin zama tare da shi a wurin addu'a.

Bayan harin da Hamas ta kai a Isra'ila, ya ce ba daidai ba ne a dinga alaƙanta Musulunci da tashin hankali. "Idan ina maganar tashin hankali a kan Musulunci, to dole ne na yi magana kan tashin hankali a kan Kiristanci shi ma," in ji shi.

Mai ra'ayin gargajiya

Fafaroma Francis na da ra'ayin gargajiya a kan matakai da dama da aka ɗauka a cocin.

Shi ma "kamar Fafaroma John Paul II yake...a kan taimaka wa maras lafiya kashe kansa, da zubar da ciki, da kashe kai, da haƙƙin ɗan'adam, da kuma zaman masu wa'azi ba tare da aure ba", kamar yadda Monsignor Osvaldo Musto, wanda ya zauna da shi, ya bayyana.

Ya ce ya kamata cocin ta yi maraba da kowa da kowa ba tare da la'akari da ra'ayinsa kan neman jinsi ba, amma ya dage kan cewa ɗaukar yaro riƙo da masu auren jinsi ke yi nuna wariya ce ga yara.

Ya ɗan nuna sassauci game da masu auren jinsi ɗaya, amma kuma bai taɓa kiran hakan a matsayin aure ba. A cewarsa, yin hakan zai zama wani yunƙuri "na lalata tsarin ubangiji".

Jim kaɗan bayan ya zama fafaroma a 2013, ya shiga gangamin yaƙi da zubar da ciki a birnin Rome - inda ya nemi a mutunta 'yancin jarirai "tun daga lokacin da aka ɗauki ciki".

Yaƙi da cin zarafin yara

Babban ƙalubalen da ya fuskanta a mulkinsa sun zo ne ta fuska biyu: waɗanda ke sukarsa game da gazawa wajen daƙile cin zarafin yara, da kuma masu ra'ayin riƙau da ke ganin yana gauraya aƙidarsu da wasu abubuwa.

A watan Agustan 2018, Archbishop Carlo Maria Viganò ya wallafa wani daftari mai shafi 11 na ayyana yaƙi. Ya wallafa wata wasiƙa zuwa ga fadar Vatican yana mai gargaɗi kan halayen wani tsohon cardinal, Thomas McCarrick.

An yi zargin cewa McCarrick ya aikata lalata da yawa a kan manya da yara. Archbishop Viganò ya ce fafaroma ya mayar da cardinal ɗin "amintaccen abokin shawara" duk da cewa ya san halinsa.

Ya nemi fafaroman ya sauka daga muƙaminsa.

Lokacin annobar korona, Francis ya soke fitowa Dandalin St Peter's - da zimmar rage yaɗuwar cutar.

Har ma sai da ya jaddada cewa yin rigakafin cutar haƙƙi ne a kan al'ummar duniya.

A 2022, ya zama fafaroma na farko tsawon shekara 100 da ya binne wanda ya gada - bayan Benedict ya rasu yana da shekara 95.